ASTM C930-2012 Standard Classification of Potential Health and Safety Concerns Associated With Thermal Insulation Materials and Accessories《绝热材料及辅助设备对人体健康和安全潜在影响的识别与分类》.pdf

1、Designation: C930 12Standard Classification ofPotential Health and Safety Concerns Associated WithThermal Insulation Materials and Accessories1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C930; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the

2、case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This cl

3、assification identifies potential concerns and ef-fects that could result from direct contact with thermal insula-tion materials and accessories, or be caused by indirect actionof events such as aging, fire, or physical disturbance.1.2 Intent of Classification:1.2.1 It is the intent of this classifi

4、cation to alert others topotential concerns, effects, hazards, or risk.1.2.2 It is not the intent of this classification to establish thedegree of risk or hazard or limiting values of potential hazards.1.2.3 It is not the intent of this classification to establish orrecommend methods or markings to

5、reduce or mitigate thepotential; however, it is recognized that correct procedures andprecautionary measures can substantially reduce or eliminatesome of the potential concerns, effects, hazards, or risks.NOTE 1See Appendix X1 for commentary.1.3 This classification recognizes the responsibility of p

6、ro-ducers and users, as appropriate, to: (1) provide information onknown effects or hazards, (2) advise on established safety andhealth practices, and (3) determine applicable regulatory re-quirements.1.4 This classification does not address the health and safetyconcerns of thermal insulation materi

7、als and accessories duringmanufacture.1.5 Omission of an item from this classification does notimply an absence of potential concerns or effects.1.6 There is no importance in the order of listing.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards2C1055 Guide for Heated System Surface Conditions thatProduce C

8、ontact Burn Injuries3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 degree of riskthe probability or expected frequencyof the event, multiplied by the expected magnitude of exposureand the potential for harm.3.1.2 direct contactthe straightforward touching resultingfrom use, m

9、anipulation, placement, etc.3.1.3 hazarda condition or set of circumstances thatpresents a specific injury or adverse health potential.3.1.4 indirect action or eventsthe actions or events thatare not directly created by, or straightforwardly caused by, theperson(s) potentially exposed to the effects

10、 or hazards.3.1.5 potentialthe possible as opposed to the actual; thatwhich may, but has not yet, come into being; that which islatent, unrealized.3.1.6 riskthe exposure to chance of injury or illness orloss.4. Significance and Use4.1 The purpose of this classification is to identify potentialconcer

11、ns and effects which may occur during the life cycle(installation, service, removal, and disposal) of insulationmaterials and accessories resulting from direct contact orindirect action or events.4.2 This classification does not identify remedial or preven-tive steps that may be taken to correct pot

12、ential problems or1This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.40 onInsulation Systems.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2012. Published October 2012. Originallyapproved in 1980. Last previous edition a

13、pproved in 2005 as C930 05. DOI:10.1520/C0930-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright AS

14、TM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1hazards; rather it is intended as a checklist that will make iteasier to deal constructively with these potentials, and todetermine what, if any, specific requirements need to be addedto other stand

15、ards concerning insulation materials or accesso-ries. (See Appendix X2 for sources of information.)4.3 This classification recognizes that proper handling andinstallation procedures can substantially reduce the potentialconcerns and effects. Further, it recognizes that in somesituations the presence

16、 or creation of potential effects orhazards results from an intervening act of human or naturalorigin, or depends on access to or contact with the materials oraccessories. Lack of compatibility of the individual compo-nents of an insulation system with each other or the environ-mental conditions wit

17、hin which the system will operate, orboth, may create unanticipated effects. (See Appendix X3.)5. Basis of Classification5.1 Classification is based on several broad groupings ofpotential concerns that could result from direct contact withthermal insulation materials and accessories, or be caused by

18、indirect actions or events.5.2 Potentials that occur from direct contact or indirectaction or events are described as follows:5.2.1 Potential Health EffectsThose effects that create riskof temporary or permanent changes in normal body functionsand biochemical activity. The latter may involve vapors

19、(suchas organic solvent fumes), corrosive liquids (acids, alkalies,and organics), and solids (usually high surface area particu-lates) that react with body tissues or fluids.5.2.1.1 AMaterial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is required bythe Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA),U.S. Departm

20、ent of Labor (29CFR 1910.1200) for hazardouschemicals produced in the United States, or imported. (TheMSDS for any product or material is issued and available fromthe organization producing the product or material.)5.2.1.2 The MSDS for any insulation product, system, oraccessory (including adhesives

21、) should be obtained and re-viewed to determine any potential effect on humans using orinstalling the material.5.2.1.3 When tests are included in a standard, the MSDS forchemicals required ahould be reviewed to ensure that properguidance for safe handling and use is incorporated.5.2.2 Potential Trau

22、matic Injury Effects (Table 1)Theseeffects may result from sharp or rough materials or accessorieswhich have protrusions or abrasive surfaces, causeoverheating, or transmit electrical energy, and generally requiredirect contact with the material or accessory causinglacerations, abrasions, punctures,

23、 etc.5.2.3 Potential Effects Resulting from Combustion (Table2) Those effects that result principally from the emission ofheat, gases (toxic and non-toxic), fibers, particulates, anddepletion of oxygen which takes place during combustion thatexposes or involves insulation materials or accessories.5.

24、2.4 Potential Effects from Structural Conditions (Table3)Those effects that result principally from the overloadingor deterioration of structural members of a building resulting infailure of the structure, or a portion of it, and its collapse onoccupants.TABLE 1 Potential Traumatic InjuryInsulation

25、Product,System, or AccessoryPotential Exposure Potential Effect on HumansCellular glass abrasive surface Contact may abrade skinEncapsulated or reflective insulation high surface temperature Contact may cause thermal burns.Insulation materials and accessories application of thermal insulationaround

26、or adjacent to electricalwiring or fixtures (particularlyimportant if the covering on theelectrical circuit is old) mayproduce:A(a) overheating that could resultin deterioration of the wirecovering and contact withelectrical energyElectrical shock(b) if subject to moistureaccumulation could result i

27、ndeterioration of the wire coveringand contact with electrical energyElectrical shock(c) overheating that could resultin fireThermal burnsMan-made vitreous fibers:GlassMineral woolRefractoryfiber stalks or bundles Contact may abrade or puncture skin.Metal encapsulated or reflective insulation electr

28、ically conductive Contact may transmit electrical energy iftouching an electrical circuit resulting in minoror serious electrical shock.Metal foil electrically conductive Contact may transmit electrical energy iftouching an electrical circuit resulting in minoror serious electrical shock.Sheet metal

29、 lagging, bands, fasteners, sheetmetalsharp or pointed edges Contact may cause skin cuts, tears orpunctures.AAlso see Table 3.C930 1225.2.5 Guidance on Burn Injuries. Guide C1055 providesguidance on burn injuries associated with heated systemsurface contacts.6. Keywords6.1 hazards; health effects; i

30、njurysafetyAPPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. COMMENTARYX1.1 Background of StandardThe original concept wasto develop two standards that alert task groups writing stan-dards to safety and health concerns associated with thermalinsulation materials and accessories during installation andafter in

31、stallation. Classification C930 80 resulted from anumber of drafts and concerned the effects during installation.X1.1.1 Subsequently attention was given to the effects afterinstallation and a proposed classification standard proceededthrough a number of drafts, with several new approaches to theclas

32、sification and information presented. Finally it was agreedthere was sufficient similarity between the existing standard(Classification C930 80) and the proposed, so that theyshould be combined into one standard (Oct. 1982 Subcommit-tee meeting).X1.1.2 This revision combines the concerns and effects

33、associated with thermal insulation materials and accessoriesduring installation, and (after) when remodeling, or retrofitting,or as a result of indirect action or events.X1.1.3 This is a resource document intended solely to alertstandards writers and users of insulating materials and acces-sories to

34、 potentials. It is most emphatically not an evaluation ofcomparative risks, nor is it a predictor of inevitable problems.No effort has been made to address the numerous preventive orremedial measures available to manufacturers and users, eventhough it is recognized that many of these are routinely u

35、sed.The user in a corporate sense has a responsibility to advise theinstaller (tradesman), as an employee, of the informationsupplied by the manufacturer.X1.1.4 During deliberations on the revision of C930 80,many requests to add qualifying or explanatory phrases andfootnotes that indicate increased

36、 or decreased potential riskwith specific products were received. It became clear that thisqualifying or explanatory information would move the classi-fication into territory beyond its own scope by noting palliativemeasures and assigning degrees of risk to some products andTABLE 2 Potential Effects

37、 Resulting from CombustionInsulation Product,System, or AccessoryPotential Exposure Potential Effect on HumansAdhesives, coatings, and mastics containingsolventscombustion of flammable orcombustible solvents, duringapplication or from residualsolventsThermal burns and other effects from flame,flasho

38、ver or explosion. Impaired vision fromsmoke. Toxic effectsAOrganic polymeric foams combustion of organic materials Thermal burns. Impaired vision from smoke.Toxic effectsAOrganic fibers:Animal hairCellulosicVegetablecombustion of organic materials Thermal burns. Impaired vision from smoke.Toxic effe

39、ctsAPVC jacketing combustion of organic materials Thermal burns. Impaired vision from smoke.Toxic effectsAUrea formaldehyde foam combustion of organic materials Thermal burns. Impaired vision from smoke.Toxic effectsAVapor retarders-including asphalt-coated combustion of organic materials Thermal bu

40、rns. Impaired vision from smoke.Toxic effectsAInsulations (principally fibrous) organicallybound or impregnatedcombustion of organic materials Thermal burns. Impaired vision from smoke.Toxic effectsAAToxicity of smoke and fumes depends on materials burning and intensity.TABLE 3 Potential Effects Res

41、ulting from Structural ConditionsInsulation Product,System, or AccessoryPotential Exposure Potential Effect onHumansInsulation materials and accessories contact with metal structuralcomponents may result inoxidation of the metalLong term structural weakening or failure andcollapse on occupants.addit

42、ional weight load to structureplus snow or ice.Structural failure and collapse on occupants ifdesign characteristics are not reevaluated priorto installation.C930 123not others. Consequently it was agreed that the tables shouldnot contain comparative risk information.X1.1.5 The tables are non-qualit

43、ative, non-quantitative listsof potential hazards to be used by standards writers,manufacturers, and users who are responsible for taking thepotentials into account. Thus they are no more, no less, thanchecklists.X1.1.6 Since adoption of Classification C930 85, anOSHA (Occupational Safety and Health

44、 Administration, U.S.Department of Labor) Regulation on Hazard Communication29CFR 1910.1200 has been implemented. The use and avail-ability of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) has becomewidespread. MSDSs are more comprehensive and up-to datethan Table 1 in Classification C930 85. Therefore, Table

45、 1has been deleted. Standards writers and users should refer toMSDSs and applicable federal, state, and local laws andregulations for potential health effects.X1.2 Summary of Changes in Classification C930 85:X1.2.1 Descriptions of Terms Specific to This StandardThis section replaced the former Sect

46、ion 2 on Definitions. Allof the terms were new and relate to terms used.X1.2.2 Significance and UseThis section was new. Itfocuses on identification of the potential concerns and effectsthat may occur during the life cycle (installation, service,removal, and disposal) of insulation materials and acc

47、essories,and points out that remedial or preventative steps are notidentified.X1.2.3 Basis of ClassificationThis section replaced theprevious 4, “General Types of Hazard” of Classification C93080. It reflects a new approach to the grouping and identificationof potentials. All sections are concerned

48、with potentials thatmay occur during and after installation.X1.2.4 Table 1, Potential Health EffectsThe terminologyof products, etc., were upgraded and the quantifiers wereremoved from “potential effects on humans.”X1.2.5 Table 2, Potential for Traumatic InjuryThis tablereplaced the former Table 2,

49、“Mechanical Safety Hazards,” andprincipally covers electric shock potentials.X1.2.6 Table 3, Potential Effects Resulting fromCombustionThis table reflects the intent of the previousTable 3.X1.2.7 Table 4, Potential Effects Resulting from StructuralConditionsThis new category recognizes that there may bean effect from moisture on certain structural components, orfrom uncontemplated additional weight load of added insulat-ing materials. All items listed in the previous Table 4 ofClassification C930 80 are now listed under Table 1 andTable 2.X1.2.8 A