ASTM D1241-2007 Standard Specification for Materials for Soil-Aggregate Subbase Base and Surface Courses《土壤集料底基层、底层和表层用材料的标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: D 1241 07Standard Specification forMaterials for Soil-Aggregate Subbase, Base, and SurfaceCourses1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1241; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of

2、last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers the quali

3、ty and grading of thefollowing materials for use in the construction of subbase,base, and surface courses: sand-clay mixtures; gravel; stone orslag screenings; sand; crusher-run coarse aggregate consistingof gravel, crushed stone, or slag combined with soil mortar; orany combination of these materia

4、ls. The requirements areintended to cover materials having normal specific gravity,absorption, and gradation characteristics. Where other materi-als are to be used, appropriate limits suitable to their use mustbe specified.1.2 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to theTest Methods porti

5、on, Section 9, of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tio

6、ns prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C117 Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-m (No.200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by WashingC 131 Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the LosAngeles MachineC 136 Test Method fo

7、r Sieve Analysis of Fine and CoarseAggregatesD75 Practice for Sampling AggregatesD 420 Guide to Site Characterization for Engineering De-sign and Construction PurposesD 421 Practice for Dry Preparation of Soil Samples forParticle-Size Analysis and Determination of Soil Con-stantsD 653 Terminology Re

8、lating to Soil, Rock, and ContainedFluidsD 3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rockas Used in Engineering Design and ConstructionD 4318 Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, andPlasticity Index of Soils3. Terminology3.1 For

9、definitions of terms in this standard, refer toTerminology D 653.4. Types4.1 The following types of mixtures are specified:4.1.1 Type IMixtures shall consist of stone, gravel, or slagwith natural or crushed sand and fine mineral particles passinga No. 200 (75-m) sieve and shall conform to the requir

10、ementsof Table 1 for Gradation A, B, C, or D.4.1.2 Type IIMixtures shall consist of natural or crushedsand with fine mineral particles passing a No. 200 (75-m)sieve, with or without stone, gravel, or slag, and shall conformto the requirements of Table 1 for Gradation E or F.5. General Requirements5.

11、1 Coarse AggregateCoarse aggregate, retained on a No.4 (4.75 mm) sieve, for use in Type I and Type II mixtures, shallconsist of hard, durable, and sound particles or fragments ofstone, gravel, or slag. Coarse aggregate shall have abrasionloss, determined by Test Method C 131, of not more than 50.NOT

12、E 1A higher or lower abrasion loss may be specified by theengineer, depending upon the materials available for the work.5.2 Fine AggregateFine aggregate, passing a No. 4 (4.75mm) sieve, for use in Type I and Type II mixtures, shall consistof natural or crushed sand and fine mineral particles passing

13、 theNo. 200 (75-m) sieve. The fraction passing the No. 200(75-m) sieve shall not be greater than two thirds of thefraction passing the No. 40 (425-m) sieve as determined by1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soiland Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommi

14、ttee D18.08 on Special andConstruction Control Tests.Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published July 2007. Originally approvedin 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 1241 00.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at se

15、rviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, U

16、nited States.Test Methods C117and C 136. The fraction passing the No. 40(425-m) sieve shall have a liquid limit not greater than 25 anda plasticity index not greater than 6 as determined by TestMethod D 4318.5.3 The composite material of Types I and II shall be free oforganic matter and clay lumps a

17、nd shall conform to the gradingrequirements of Table 1.6. Subbase Materials6.1 Materials for subbase shall conform to the requirementsof Section 5 and Table 1for Type I, Gradation A, B, C, or D, orfor Type II, Gradation E or F. The type and grading desiredshall be specified.NOTE 2Where local experie

18、nce (performance history, material prop-erties, etc.) has shown that, in order to prevent damage by frost action, itis necessary to have lower percentages of the subbase materials passingthe No. 200 (75-m) sieve than are required by Table 1, the engineer mayspecify lower percentages. The engineer ma

19、y also specify tighter grada-tion requirements when local experience suggests it to be appropriate.7. Base-Course Materials7.1 Materials for base course shall conform to the require-ments of Section 5 and Table 1 for Type I, Gradation A, B, C,or D, or for Type II, Gradation E or F. The type and grad

20、ingdesired shall be specified.NOTE 3Where local experience (performance history, material prop-erties, etc.) has shown that, in order to prevent damage by frost action, itis necessary to have lower percentages of the base-course materialspassing the No. 200 (75-m) sieve than are required by Table 1,

21、 theengineer may specify lower percentages. The engineer may also specifytighter gradation requirements when local experience suggests it to beappropriate.8. Surface-Course Materials8.1 Soil-aggregate materials for surface course shall con-form to the requirements of Section 5 and Table 1 for Type I

22、,Gradation C or D; or for Type II Gradation E or F. The type andgrading shall be specified.NOTE 4When materials are being used for surface courses, theEngineer may give consideration to the permeability characteristics of thematerials used (that is, material type, grading, etc.).9. Test Methods9.1 S

23、ample the material and determine the properties enu-merated in this specification in accordance with the followingASTM standards:9.1.1 SamplingPractice D75.9.1.2 Sieve AnalysisTest Method C117and Test MethodC 136.9.1.3 Abrasion LossTest Method C 131.9.1.4 Surveying and Sampling Soils for HighwaySubg

24、radesGuide D 420.9.1.5 Preparing Soil SamplesMethod D 421.9.1.6 Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity IndexTestMethod D 4318.NOTE 5The precision of these test methods is dependent on thecompetence of the personnel performing them and the suitability of theequipment and facilities used. Agencie

25、s that meet the criteria of PracticeD 3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objectivetesting. Users of these test methods are cautioned that compliance withPractice D 3740 does not in itself assure reliable testing. Reliable testingdepends on many factors; Practice D 3740 provides a

26、 means of evaluatingsome of those factors.10. Keywords10.1 coarse aggregate; crushed stone; fine aggregate; grada-tion; granular materials; gravels; soilaggregate subbase, base,and surface coursesTABLE 1 Gradation Requirements for Soil-Aggregate MaterialsSieve Size(Square Openings)Weight Percent Pas

27、sing Square Mesh SievesType I Type IIGradationAGradationBGradationCGradationDGradationEGradationF2-in. (50-mm) 100 100 . . . .1-in. (25.0-mm) . 75 to 95 100 100 100 10038-in. (9.5-mm) 30 to 65 40 to 75 50 to 85 60 to 100 . .No. 4 (4.75-mm) 25 to 55 30 to 60 35 to 65 50 to 85 55 to 100 70 to 100No. 1

28、0 (2.00-mm) 15 to 40 20 to 45 25 to 50 40 to 70 40 to 100 55 to 100No. 40 (425-m) 8 to 20 15 to 30 15 to 30 25 to 45 20 to 50 30 to 70No. 200 (75-m) 2 to 8 5 to 15 5 to 15 8 to 15 6 to 15 8 to 15D1241072SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee D18 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard

29、since the last issue(D 1241 00) that may impact the use of this standard (approved July 1, 2007).(1) Editorial changes were made to conform to Form and Stylefor ASTM Standards.(2) Revised Section 4 pertaining to Type I and II gradings.(3) Changed “No. 10 (2.00 mm)” to “No. 4 (4.75 mm)” inSections 5.

30、1 and 5.2.(4) Revised Note 4.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof inf

31、ringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this stand

32、ard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your vi

33、ews known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D1241073