1、Designation: D1248 12D1248 16Standard Specification forPolyethylene Plastics Extrusion Materials for Wire andCable1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1248; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification provides
3、for the identification of polyethylene plastics extrusion materials for wire and cable in such amanner that the seller and the purchaser can agree on the acceptability of different commercial lots or shipments. The tests involvedin this specification are intended to provide information for identifyi
4、ng materials according to the types, classes, categories, andgrades covered. It is not the function of this specification to provide specific engineering data for design purposes.1.2 This specification does not allow for the use of recycled plastics (see Note 3).1.3 The values stated in SI units are
5、 to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 12, of this specification:
6、 This standarddoes not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1There is no kn
7、own ISO equivalent to this standard.NOTE 2This standard has undergone major revision from the reapproval of 1989 and now covers only polyethylene for wire and cable applications.For information regarding molding and extrusion materials, see Specification D4976. For information regarding plastic pipe
8、 materials, see SpecificationD3350.NOTE 3See Guide D7209and 3.1.2 of this standard for information and definitions related to recycled plastics.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insulati
9、onD257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of Insulating MaterialsD618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD746 Test Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plastics and Elastomers by ImpactD792 Test Methods for Density and Specifi
10、c Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplastics by Extrusion PlastometerD1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient TechniqueD1531 Test Methods for Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) and Dissipation Factor
11、 by Fluid Displacement Procedures(Withdrawn 2012)3D1603 Test Method for Carbon Black Content in Olefin PlasticsD1693 Test Method for Environmental Stress-Cracking of Ethylene PlasticsD2565 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics Intended for Outdoor ApplicationsD2633 Test Methods for Thermoplast
12、ic Insulations and Jackets for Wire and CableD2839 Practice for Use of a Melt Index Strand for Determining Density of PolyethyleneD2951 Test Method for Resistance of Types III and IV Polyethylene Plastics to Thermal Stress-Cracking (Withdrawn 2006)31 This specification is under the jurisdiction of A
13、STM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic Materials.Current edition approved April 1, 2012Nov. 15, 2016. Published May 2012December 2016. Originally approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 20052012 asD1248 - 05.D1248 - 12. DOI:
14、 10.1520/D1248-12.10.1520/D1248-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved versio
15、n of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all chan
16、ges accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Bar
17、r Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D3182 Practice for RubberMaterials, Equipment, and Procedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and Preparing StandardVulcanized SheetsD3349 Test Method for Absorption Coefficient of Ethylene Polymer Material Pigmented with Car
18、bon BlackD3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and Fittings MaterialsD3636 Practice for Sampling and Judging Quality of Solid Electrical Insulating MaterialsD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD4329 Practice for Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Apparatus Exposure of Plastic
19、sD4703 Practice for Compression Molding Thermoplastic Materials into Test Specimens, Plaques, or SheetsD4976 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Molding and Extrusion MaterialsD6360 Practice for Enclosed Carbon-Arc Exposures of PlasticsD7209 Guide for Waste Reduction, Resource Recovery, and Use
20、of Recycled Polymeric Materials and Products (Withdrawn2015)3E1131 Test Method for Compositional Analysis by ThermogravimetryG151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Accelerated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light SourcesG153 Practice for Operating Enclosed Carbon Arc Light Apparatus f
21、or Exposure of Nonmetallic MaterialsG154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic MaterialsG155 Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Non-Metallic Materials2.2 Federal Specification:4L-P-390C Plastic, Molding, and Extru
22、sion Materials, Polyethylene and Copolymers (Low, Medium, and High Density)NOTE 4In accordance with the DOD: “L-P-390C, dated 10 August 1971, is inactivated for new design and is no longer used, except for replacementpurposes. Future acquisition for this product, when used in new design, should refe
23、r to ASTM D4976, STANDARD SPECIFICATION FORPOLYETHYLENE PLASTICS MOLDING AND EXTRUSION MATERIALS.”3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 polyethylene plastics, nplastics or resins prepared by the polymerization of no less than 50 % ethylene and no less than95 weight %
24、 of total olefins.3.1.2 recycled plastics, nplastics feedstocks or products composed of recovered plastic material that may or may not thatinclude a percentage of post-consumer material, but not including those materials and by-products generated from, and commonlyreused, within an original manufact
25、uring process and, reworked, reprocessed, and regrind plastic and purge from the samemanufacturing process.3.2 Historical usage and user group conventions have resulted in inconsistent terminology used to categorize and describepolyethylene resins and compounds. The following terminology is in use i
26、n ASTM specifications pertaining to polyethylene:3.2.1 Specification D1248:3.2.1.1 Type (0, I, II, III, IV) = density ranges (same, respectively, as Class in Specification D4976).3.2.1.2 Class (A, B, C, D) = composition and use.3.2.1.3 Category (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) = melt index ranges (same as Grade in S
27、pecification D4976).3.2.1.4 Grade (E, J, D, or W followed by one or two digits) = specific requirements from tables.3.2.2 Specification: D33503.2.2.1 Type (I, II, III) = density ranges (same as Types I, II, and III in Specification D1248 and Classes 1, 2, and 3 inSpecification D4976).3.2.2.2 Class =
28、 a line callout system consisting of “PE” followed by six cell numbers from Table 1 plus a letter (A, B, C, D,E) denoting color and UV stabilizer.3.2.2.3 Grade = simplified line callout system using “PE” followed by density and slow crack growth cell numbers from Table1.3.2.3 Specification: D49763.2
29、3.1 Group (1, 2) = branched or linear polyethylene.3.2.3.2 Class (5, 1, 2, 3, 4) = density ranges (same, respectively, as Type in Specification D1248).3.2.3.3 Grade (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) = melt index ranges (same as Category in Specification D1248).4. Classification4.1 This specification recognizes that
30、polyethylene plastics are identified primarily on the basis of two characteristics, namely,density and flow rate (previously identified as melt index). The former is the criterion for assignment as to type, the latter fordesignation as to category. Other attributes important to the user for certain
31、applications are covered by three general classes andby specifying in greater detail, by grades, a minimum number of key characteristics covered too broadly or not at all by the type,class, and category designations.4 Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 7
32、00 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/dodssp.daps.dla.mil.D1248 1624.1.1 Types:4.1.1.1 This specification provides for the identification of five types of polyethylene plastics extrusion materials for wire andcable by density in accordance with 10.1 and 12.1.1, and the requirements pre
33、scribed in Table 1 and Note 5, Note 6, and Note 12.NOTE 5It is recognized that some high-density polyethylene plastics of very high molecular weight maytypically have densities slightly less than0.960 yet in all other respects they are characteristic of Type IV materials. Similarly, there are other
34、polyethylene plastics of very high molecular weighthaving densities slightly less than 0.941 which in all other respects are more characteristic of Type III than of Type II materials.NOTE 6While the original Type III now has been divided into two ranges of density (Types III and IV), both are still
35、described by the term highdensity.4.1.1.2 Material supplied under these types shall be of such nominal density, within the ranges given, as agreed upon betweenthe manufacturer and the purchaser subject to the tolerances specified in 4.1.1.3 (Note 12).4.1.1.3 In view of production, sampling, and test
36、ing variables, a commercial lot or shipment for which a nominal density hasbeen agreed upon between the seller and the purchaser shall be considered as conforming and commercially acceptable when thedensity value found on a sample from the lot or shipment falls within the tolerance range of 60.004 o
37、f the nominal value.4.1.1.4 If the nominal value is unknown or unspecified, classification shall be based on the tested value without toleranceconsideration.4.1.2 ClassesEach of the five types is subdivided into four classes according to composition and use as follows:4.1.2.1 Class ANatural color on
38、ly, with or without any antioxidants or other additives in such proportions as agreed uponbetween the seller and the purchaser.4.1.2.2 Class BColors including white and black, with or without any antioxidants or other additives in such proportions asagreed upon between the manufacturer and the purch
39、aser.4.1.2.3 Class CBlack (weather-resistant), containing not less than 2 % carbon black of a kind and particle size (Note 7),dispersed by such means and to such degree as necessary to impart weather resistance with or without any antioxidants or otheradditives in such proportions as agreed upon bet
40、ween the seller and the purchaser.NOTE 7Carbon black 35 nm or less in average particle diameter is used as required in black electrical and jacketing materials (Grades E and J) toimpart maximum weather resistance.4.1.2.4 Class DColored (UV resistant), including black and white, with antioxidants and
41、 UV stabilizers to allow electricalinsulation and jackets to meet the requirements outlined in 12.1.12.NOTE 8The expected service lifetime of Class D materials is very dependent upon the specific material formulation including selected colorants.Contact your supplier for additional information regar
42、ding this issue.4.1.3 Categories:4.1.3.1 The four classes of each type are divided into five categories on the basis of broad ranges of flow rate in accordancewith the requirements prescribed in Table 2.NOTE 9Some Type II and Type III polyethylene plastics of very high molecular weight cannot be cat
43、egorized by flow rate. Solution viscosity isrecommended as a means of distinguishing such materials.4.1.3.2 Material supplied under these categories shall be of such nominal flow rate, within the ranges given, as agreed uponbetween the seller and the purchaser subject to the tolerances specified in
44、4.1.3.3.4.1.3.3 In view of production, sampling, and testing variables, a commercial lot or shipment for which a nominal flow rate hasbeen agreed upon between the seller and the purchaser shall be considered as conforming and commercially acceptable when theflow rate value found on a sample from the
45、 lot or shipment falls within the tolerance range of 620 % of the nominal flow rate.4.1.3.4 If the nominal value is unknown or unspecified, classification shall be based on the tested value without toleranceconsideration.4.1.4 Grades:4.1.4.1 If further definition is necessary, one of the grades give
46、n in Tables 3-5 shall be selected.NOTE 10Tables 4 and 5, are included to correspond with the grades specified in Federal Specification L-P-390C.NOTE 11The grade shall be associated with the appropriate type, class, and category designations; for example, IA5-E4 or IC5-J3 as required. Othergrades may
47、 be are added as necessary by revision of this specification in established manner. Also, it is anticipated that additional requirements may areTABLE 1 Classification of Polyethylene Plastics ExtrusionMaterials for Wire and Cable According to TypeType Nominal Density,A g/cm30 0.925 to 0.940III 0.940
48、 to 0.960IV 0.960AUncolored, unfilled material (see Note 12).D1248 163to be added as necessary under a given grade designation by future revision to provide more meaningful characterization of the material covered by suchdesignation.4.1.4.2 If additional requirements specific to the application are
49、necessary, these shall be specified by the purchaser with theagreement of the seller.5. Basis of Purchase5.1 The purchase order or inquiry for these materials shall state the specification number, type, class, category, and, if needed,the appropriate grade, for example, D1248IA5-E4.5.2 It is acceptable for further definition to be agreed upon between the seller and the purchaser as follows:5.2.1 Nominal density.NOTE 12For Class B, Class C, and Class D material, the nominal density of the base resin will be identified by the manufacturer upon request.5.2.2 N
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