ASTM D127-2008 Standard Test Method for Drop Melting Point of Petroleum Wax Including Petrolatum《包括凡士林在内的石油蜡滴熔点的标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: D 127 08Designation: 133/79 (87)An American National StandardTechnical Association of Pulp and Paper IndustryTentative Method T 634ts-64Standard Test Method forDrop Melting Point of Petroleum Wax, Including Petrolatum1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 127; the number

2、 immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standa

3、rd has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dropmelting point of petroleum wax. It is used primarily forpetrolatums and other microcrystalline wax.NOTE 1Additional methods used for petroleum waxes are TestMethod

4、D87 and Test Method D 938. Results obtained may differ,depending on the method used. For pharmaceutical petrolatum, TestMethod D 127 usually is used.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not

5、 purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards

6、:2D87 Test Method for Melting Point of Petroleum Wax(Cooling Curve)D 938 Test Method for Congealing Point of PetroleumWaxes, Including PetrolatumE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 drop melting point of petroleum waxthe temperatureat which materi

7、al becomes sufficiently fluid to drop from thethermometer used in making the determination under definiteprescribed conditions.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Specimens are deposited on two thermometer bulbs bydipping chilled thermometers into the sample. The thermom-eters bearing the specimens are pla

8、ced in test tubes and heatedby means of a water bath until the specimens melt and the firstdrop falls from each thermometer bulb. The average of thetemperatures at which these drops fall is the drop melting pointof the sample.5. Significance and Use5.1 Melting point is a wax property that is of inte

9、rest to mostwax consumers. It can be an indication of the performanceproperties of the wax. Drop melting point, Test Method D 127,is often used to measure the melting characteristics of petro-latums and other high viscosity petroleum waxes.6. Apparatus6.1 Test TubesStandard test tubes, 25-mm (1-in.)

10、 in out-side diameter and 150-mm (6-in.) long. The test tubes shallutilize stoppers, such as corks, grooved at the sides to permitair circulation and bored in the center to receive the thermom-eter.6.2 BathA transparent container of not less than 1500-mLcapacity, that will permit the immersion of th

11、e test tubes to adepth of at least 90 mm and still leave a depth of approximately15 mm of water below the bottoms of the test tubes.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.10.0A on Physi

12、cal/Chemical Properties.Current edition approved May 1, 2008. Published June 2008. Originallyapproved in 1922. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D 12705.This test method is sponsored jointly by the Technical Association of Pulp andPaper Industry and ASTM International.This test method was ad

13、opted as a jointASTM-IP standard in 1964. In the IP, thistest method is under the jurisdiction of Standardization Committee.In 1963, the title, scope, and definition were changed to define the determinationof “drop melting point.” Sections on procedure, report, and precision were revised,and a new s

14、ection on significance was added.In 1964, minor editorial changes and additions to this method were made for itspublication as a joint ASTM-IP standard.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMSta

15、ndards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.3 Thermometer, having a ra

16、nge as shown below andconforming to the requirements as prescribed in SpecificationE1or in specifications for IP Standard Thermometers:Thermometer NumberThermometer Range ASTM IP32 to 127C 61C 63C90 to 260F 61F . . .6.4 Bath Thermometer, any suitable type, accurate to 0.5C(1F) throughout the require

17、d range.7. Procedure7.1 Secure a sample of sufficient size that is representativeof the material under inspection. Use a fresh portion of thesample for each set of two determinations. Melt the sampleslowly until the temperature reaches at least 11C (20F) abovethe expected drop melting point. Place s

18、ufficient sample in aflat bottom container to give a sample depth of 12 6 1 mm.Adjust the temperature of the sample to at least 6C (10F)(Note 2) above its drop melting point using any generallaboratory thermometer for measurement. Chill one of the testthermometer bulbs to approximately 4C (40F). Wip

19、e dry,and, quickly but carefully, immerse the chilled bulb verticallyinto the heated sample until it touches the bottom of thecontainer (about 12 mm submerged) and withdraw it immedi-ately. Hold the thermometer vertically away from the heat untilthe surface dulls, and then place it for at least 5 mi

20、n in waterhaving a temperature of 16 6 1C (60 6 2F). Prepare anotherspecimen from the same sample using this procedure.NOTE 2A dipping temperature of 11C (20F) above the congealingpoint in accordance with Test Method D 938 usually will be 6 to 11C (10to 20F) above the actual drop melting point.7.2 S

21、ecurely fix the thermometers in the test tubes by meansof suitable stoppers, such as corks, so that the tip of eachthermometer is approximately 15 mm above the bottom of itstest tube. Insert the test tubes in the water bath which is at 166 1C (60 6 2F) and adjust the height of the test tubes so that

22、the immersion marks on the thermometers are level with thetop surface of the water. Raise the temperature of the bath at arate of approximately 2C (3F)/min to 38C (100F), then ata rate of approximately 1C (2F)/min until the first drop ofmaterial leaves each thermometer. Record in each case thetemper

23、ature at which the first drop falls from the thermometer.8. Report8.1 Report the average of the two determinations as the dropmelting point of the sample under test.9. Precision and Bias9.1 PrecisionThe precision of this test method as deter-mined by statistical examination of interlaboratory result

24、s is asfollows:9.1.1 RepeatabilityThe difference between two test re-sults, obtained by the same operator with the same apparatusunder constant operating conditions on identical test material,would in the long run, in the normal and correct operation ofthe test method, exceed the following values on

25、ly in one casein twenty:0.8C (1.4F)9.1.2 ReproducibilityThe difference between two singleand independent results obtained by different operators work-ing in different laboratories on identical test material would, inthe long run, in the normal and correct operation of the testmethod, exceed the foll

26、owing values only in one case intwenty:1.3C (2.4F)NOTE 3The following information on the precision of this testmethod was developed by the Institute of Petroleum (now EnergyInstitute) in London and is being investigated:(1) Results of duplicate tests should not differ by more than thefollowing amoun

27、ts:Repeatability Reproducibility1C (2F) 1.2C (2.2F)(2) These precision values were obtained in 1954 by statisticalexamination of interlaboratory test results.9.2 BiasThe procedure in this test method has no biasbecause the value of drop melting point can be defined only interms of a test method.10.

28、Keywords10.1 drop melting point; petrolatum; petroleum wax; waxSUMMARY OF CHANGESSubcommittee D02.10 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(D 12705) that may impact the use of this standard.(1) Updated 6.1, 7.1, and 7.2.D127082ASTM International takes n

29、o position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own respon

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31、to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the ad

32、dress shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D127083