1、Designation: D1280 00 (Reapproved 2007)D1280 14Standard Guide forTotal Immersion Corrosion Test for Soak Tank MetalCleaners1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1280; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers determination of the corrosive effects of soak tank metal cleaners on all metals other t
3、han aluminum andits alloys, under conditions of total immersion, by quantitative measurement of weight change or by qualitative visualdetermination of change. The test determines the effects of the cleaner on metals being cleaned, and does not determine the lifeof the cleaner or of the containing eq
4、uipment.1.2 When the test is used to assist in the choice of material for a specific use, the test conditions should simulate the conditionsof use as closely as practicable.1.3 Where no further processing subsequent to cleaning is indicated, a test for the effect of residual cleaner on the corrosion
5、behavior of the material may be required.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversionsto inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to addr
6、ess all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. Material Safety Data Sheets are available for reagents and
7、 materials. Review them for hazards prior tousage.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D930 Test Method of Total Immersion Corrosion Test of Water-Soluble Aluminum Cleaners (Withdrawn 2001)33. Significance and Use3.1 This guide is used to distinguish soak tank metal cleaners that are excessive
8、ly corrosive to metals (other than aluminum andits alloys which are covered by Method D930). The users will define the degree of corrosion considered excessive, in terms ofweight loss per unit of surface area or in terms of changes in appearance, or both.4. Apparatus4.1 Test Tubes, of a suitable mat
9、erial 38 mm in diameter by 300 mm in length, having a capacity of about 300 mL. The tubesshall be chosen so that the specimens will remain fully immersed during the test, and the ratio of area of immersed metal to thevolume of solution will be prescribed in 7.1, with sufficient space provided for fo
10、am formation.4.2 Condensers, Allihn-type, having jackets 200 to 250 mm in length, except that condensers will not be required for tests runat room temperature.4.3 Stoppers or JointsThe connection between test tube and condenser optionally may be either standard-taper joints or rubberstoppers preboil
11、ed in aqueous caustic soda to remove free sulfur, and boiled in a sufficient number of changes of distilled wateruntil neutral.1 This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D12 on Soaps and Other Detergents and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D12.16 on Hard SurfaceCleaning.Cu
12、rrent edition approved Oct. 1, 2007Aug. 1, 2014. Published October 2007September 2014. Originally approved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 20002007as D1280 00.00(2007). DOI: 10.1520/D1280-00R07.10.1520/D1280-14.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contac
13、tASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended
14、 only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current v
15、ersionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.4 Constant-Temperature DeviceAny suitable means may be employed for maintaining the solutions activ
16、ely at the boilingpoint for tests conducted at that temperature. For tests made at other temperatures, a suitable constant-temperature bath shall beprovided to maintain the required temperature within 62F (1C).1C (62F). For control testing at room temperature, it issuggested that the solution be mai
17、ntained at 9535 6 2F (351C (95 6 1C),2F), which, being slightly above most roomtemperatures, is easy to maintain by heat input.4.5 Coating Apparatus, shall be provided suitable for producing a uniform film of cleaner on the surface of the test specimen,for testing the effects of residual cleaner on
18、the surfaces of cleaned metals (Section 10).4.6 Humidity Chamber, for exposing the contaminated specimens at 90 % relative humidity as specified in 10.1.3.5. Test Specimens5.1 The test specimens shall be identical in composition, metallurgy, and surface finishing, with the conditions of the metal at
19、the stage where cleaning will be applied in practice. The specimens shall have an area between 0.300 and 0.375 dm2, and a lengthnot to exceed 200 mm. (Aspecimen 18 by 85 by 1 mm in thickness would have an area of 0.327 dm2.)At least two, and preferablyfour, replicates shall be tested in each concent
20、ration of cleaner solution prescribed in 7.2. The number of replicates under test shallbe recorded.6. Precleaning Test Specimens6.1 Make ready the following pre-cleaning materials for removal of soil present on the metal surface prior to corrosion testing:6.1.1 Place 200 mL of trichloroethylene or e
21、quivalent in a 250-mL beaker and maintain at room temperature.6.1.2 Prepare a vapor degreasing bath by heating 150 to 200 mL of trichloroethylene or equivalent in a 1-L beaker, the degreeof vaporization being controlled to permit vapor degreasing of the specimens when held in the beaker; or, alterna
22、tively, fill a washbottle containing either of these solvents at room temperature.6.1.3 Maintain a 250-mL beaker of either anhydrous methanol or isopropanol at 122F (50C).50C (122F).6.1.4 Maintain a 250-mL beaker of distilled water at 122F (50C).50C (122F).6.1.5 Maintain a 250-mL beaker of redistill
23、ed acetone at room temperature.6.1.6 Place a small swab of fresh absorbent cotton in each of the beakers (6.1.1 6.1.5).6.2 Immediately prior to their use in the test, clean the test specimens as follows:6.2.1 Immerse the test specimens in the beaker of trichloroethylene or equivalent (6.1.1) and imm
24、ediately swab the surfaces ofthe individual specimens thoroughly, using clean forceps to hold both the cotton swab and the test specimen.6.2.2 Shake off excess solvent and either transfer the specimen to the vapor degreasing bath (6.1.2) long enough to observe thevapor completely covering and conden
25、sing on the specimen, or thoroughly wash the specimen with a stream of fresh solvent fromthe wash bottle.6.2.3 Swab the specimens separately in the beaker of alcohol (6.1.3) and shake free from excess alcohol.6.2.4 Transfer the specimens to the beaker of distilled water (6.1.4). Swab carefully and s
26、hake free from excess water.6.2.5 Immerse the specimens separately several times in the beaker of acetone (6.1.5), and shake free from acetone.6.2.6 If the specimens are to be weighed, dry in a vacuum desiccator or in a low-temperature oven at 100F (37.7C).37.7C(100F).7. Test Conditions7.1 Ratio of
27、Area of Immersed Metal to Volume of SolutionThe ratio of the area of the immersed metal to the volume ofsolution shall be less than 1.5 dm2/L of solution. (A specimen 18 by 85 by 1 mm in thickness would require 220 mL of solution,and a specimen having an area of 0.375 dm2 would require 250 mL of sol
28、ution.) Use fresh solution for each set of replicates andrecord the ratio used.7.2 Solution Concentration:7.2.1 In the absence of the manufacturers recommendations, test the specimens in solutions of the cleaner of concentrationsof 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 4.0, and 8.0 weight % made up from stock solutions w
29、hich shall be freshly prepared in 2000-g quantities. Boilthe solutions for 30 min unless otherwise specified. In case the cleaner is not soluble to the extent noted in the stock solutionsindicated, record this fact, but nevertheless continue the test with the specified total amounts of cleaner prese
30、nt in the test tubes.A blank test of either two or four replicates shall be made in freshly boiled distilled water.7.2.2 When the manufacturers recommendations are available, make the test at the following relative concentrations (based onthe average concentrations suggested), recording the percenta
31、ges these represent: (1) one half the concentration recommended, (2) the concentration recommended, and (3) twice the concentration recommended. Make a blank test of either two or fourreplicates in freshly boiled distilled water, submitting them otherwise to exactly the same procedure followed for t
32、he specimensimmersed in cleaner solution.7.3 WaterThe water used in preparing the water-soluble cleaner solutions shall be freshly boiled distilled water.D1280 1427.4 Temperature In the absence of manufacturers recommendations, make the test at the boiling point of the solution. Withavailable recomm
33、endations, make the test at 206 2F (11 6 1C) below and 20 6 2F (11 6 1C)11 6 1C (20 6 2F) belowand 11 6 1C (20 6 2F) above the average recommended temperature, or at the boiling point of the solution if it is lower. Recordthe temperature of the test in any case.8. Procedure for Quantitative Weight L
34、oss Test8.1 Weigh the cleaned dry test specimens to the nearest 0.001 g.8.2 Transfer the specimens individually to test tubes containing the preheated cleaner solutions, using only one specimen pertube. Attach the tubes to reflux condensers and maintain at the required temperature, adding a small pi
35、ece of unglazed porcelainto prevent bumping. Expose for a period of 2 h. Other exposure periods may also be observed where appropriate.8.3 Remove the strips at the end of the exposure period and proceed as follows:8.3.1 Hold the specimen in forceps and rinse thoroughly in a 1-L beaker into which tap
36、 water is flowing rapidly.8.3.2 Rinse thoroughly in distilled water at room temperature.8.3.3 Rinse with a stream of acetone from a wash bottle. Shake free from acetone and dry.8.3.4 Examine for, and record any of the following visible changes in comparison with the original uncleaned specimen: (1)d
37、iscoloration, (2) dulling, (3) etching, (4) presence of accretions and relative amounts and areas, (5) types of pittingwide,medium, or narrow, and (6) presence of selective or localized attack.8.3.5 Remove corrosion products. (Methods of removal of corrosion products from different metals are given
38、in Appendix X1and Appendix X2.)8.3.6 Rinse and dry as indicated in 8.3.2 and 8.3.3.8.3.7 Weigh to the nearest 0.001 g.9. Procedure for Qualitative Surface Corrosion Test9.1 Proceed as for the quantitative weight loss test, except omit drying and weighing the specimens before the test, and dispensewi
39、th the removal of corrosion products unless the corrosion is severe enough to obscure observation.10. Procedure for Residual-Cleaner Corrosion Test10.1 Where it is desired to determine the effect of residual cleaner on the corrosion behavior of the materials tested, make thefollowing test:10.1.1 Imm
40、erse clean test panels in solutions of the cleaner of the following concentrations and temperatures, allowing thepanels to come to the temperature of the solution, and then slowly withdrawing them by a suitable apparatus such as a Fisher-PayneDip Coater in such a manner as to leave a thin uniform co
41、ating of cleaner on the surface of the specimen:10.1.1.1 The concentration of the test solution shall be one tenth the concentration recommended by the manufacturer, or 0.5weight % when no concentration is recommended.10.1.1.2 The temperature of the solution shall be that recommended by the manufact
42、urer or, in the absence of anyrecommendation, the boiling point of the solution.10.1.2 Dry specimens at a moderate temperature (about 212F (100C).100C (212F).10.1.3 Expose the dried specimens to 90 % relative humidity at 95F (35C)35C (95F) for one week.10.1.4 Treat the specimens as indicated in 8.3.
43、4 8.3.7.TABLE 1 Weight Losses of 0.5 dm2 Specimens Subjected toElectrolytic Cleaning TreatmentMaterial Total Weight Loss, gCopper-nickel-zinc (75-20-5) 0.0000Brass (admiralty) 0.0001Brass (red) 0.0000Brass (yellow) 0.0002Bronze (phosphor, 5 percent tin) 0.0000Bronze (silicon) 0.0002Bronze (case) (85
44、-5-5-5) 0.0010Copper 0.0001Copper-nickel (70-30) 0.0000Iron and steel 0.0003Nickel-molybdenum-iron (60-20-20) 0.0004Nickel-chromium-iron (80-13-7) 0.0000Lead (chemical) 0.0030Nickel-copper (70-30) 0.0000Nickel 0.0011Stainless steel 0.0000Tin 0.0003Magnesium and zinc too high to be usefulD1280 14311.
45、 Report11.1 Quantitative Weight Loss TestReport the following data for each test performed:11.1.1 Temperature,11.1.2 Specimens, size and number,11.1.3 Cleaner concentrations,11.1.4 Metal, alloy, surface treatment, and metallurgical state,11.1.5 Ratio of surface area to volume of solution,11.1.6 Type
46、 of cleaner and other conditions of test peculiar to type,11.1.7 Weight loss in milligrams per square decimetre hour,11.1.8 Range in weight loss values, and11.1.9 Appearance before and after removal of corrosion products with regard to the following: (1) discoloration, (2) dulling,(3) etching, (4) p
47、resence of accretions and relative amounts and areas, (5) type of pittingwide, medium, or narrow, and (6)presence of selective or localized attack.11.2 Qualitative Surface Corrosion TestReport the same information as for the quantitative weight loss test (11.1), except toomit 11.1.7 and 11.1.8.12. P
48、recision and Bias12.1 Since the conditions for testing are to be selected by the user, and therefore vary, no precision or bias data have beenobtained.APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. TEST METHOD FOR ELECTROLYTIC CLEANING OF CORROSION TEST SPECIMENS AFTER EXPOSUREX1.1 After scrubbing to remov
49、e loosely attached corrosion products, treat the specimen as a cathode in hot, dilute sulfuric acidunder the following conditions:Test solutionInhibitorsulfuric acid (5 weight %)2 mL organic inhibitor per litre of solutionAnode carbonCathode test specimenCathode current density 20 A/dm2 (6.5 A/0.327 dm2)TemperatureExposure period165F (74C)3 minTemperatureExposure period74C (165F)3 minX1.2 After the electrolytic treatment, scrub the specimens, while wet, with a stiff bristle brush. The weight losses of specimens0.5 dm2 in
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