1、Designation: D 1384 05e1Standard Test Method forCorrosion Test for Engine Coolants in Glassware1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1384; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.e1NOTEAdjunct references were corrected editorially in April 2006.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a simple beaker-type procedurefor evaluati
3、ng the effects of engine coolants on metal speci-mens under controlled laboratory conditions (see AppendixX1).NOTE 1For more information on engine coolants, see (Refs 1-8).21.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.
4、3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards
5、statements are given in 10.1.7.2, 10.1.7.3, and 10.1.7.4.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3B32 Specification for Solder MetalB 36/B 36M Specification for Brass Plate, Sheet, Strip,AndRolled BarD 1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous So-lutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for
6、Testing Pur-posesE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE 178 Practice for Dealing With Outlying ObservationsE 230 Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force(EMF) Tables for Standardized ThermocouplesG31 Practice for Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testingof Metals2.2 ASTM Adjun
7、cts:All-glass apparatus for corrosion test (2 drawings)43. Summary of Test Method3.1 In this test method, specimens of metals typical of thosepresent in engine cooling systems are totally immersed inaerated engine coolant solutions for 336 h at 88C (190F).Thecorrosion-inhibitive properties of the te
8、st solution are evaluatedon the basis of the weight changes incurred by the specimens.Each test is run in triplicate, and the average weight change isdetermined for each metal. A single test may occasionally becompletely out of line (see 11.2).4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method will general
9、ly distinguish betweencoolants that are definitely deleterious from the corrosionstandpoint and those that are suitable for further evaluation.However, the results of this test method cannot stand alone asevidence of satisfactory corrosion inhibition. The actual ser-vice value of an engine coolant f
10、ormulation can be determinedonly by more comprehensive bench, dynamometer, and fieldtests.5. Apparatus5.1 ContainerA 1000-mL, tall-form, spoutless beaker,made of heat-resistant glass, for containing the engine coolantsolution and test specimens. The beaker shall be tightly closedwith a No. 15 rubber
11、 stopper, having drill holes to accommo-date a water condenser, an aerator tube, and a thermometer asshown in Fig. 1. Optionally, an all-glass apparatus may beused.41This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on EngineCoolants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D
12、15.06 on GlasswarePerformance Tests.Current edition approved June 1, 2005. Published June 2005. Originallyapproved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 1384 04.2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis standard.3For referenced ASTM standar
13、ds, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Details available from: ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.ADJD1384. Orig
14、inal adjunct produced in (1980).1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2 CondenserAwater condenser of the reflux, glass-tubetype, having a 400-mm (16-in.) condenser jacket.5.3 Aerator Tube A gas-dispersion tube, porosity s
15、ize12-C,5to ensure continuous aeration without plugging.5.4 Temperature Measuring Instrument (EnvironmentallySafe Thermometer or Thermocouple) An ASTM PartialImmersion Temperature Measuring Instrument having a rangefrom 20 to 150C (0 to 302F) and conforming to therequirements for Thermometer 1C (1F)
16、, as prescribed inSpecification E1or Thermocouple as summarized in Specifi-cation E 230.5.5 HeaterAconstant-temperature bath containing a high-boiling liquid (see Note 2) that is capable of giving continuousservice with the specified temperature control.6The size of thebath will be determined by the
17、 number of corrosion tests thatare to be run concurrently.6. Metal Test SpecimensNOTE 2The specimens prescribed in this test method have beenaccepted by automobile manufacturers, but their composition may not bethe same as that of alloys currently used for engine cooling systemcomponents. Therefore,
18、 specimens other than those designated in this testmethod may be used by mutual agreement of the parties involved.6.1 TypeThe following metal test specimens,7representa-tive of cooling system metals, shall be used:6.1.1 Steel, UNS G10200 (SAE 1020),8cut from 1.59-mm(116-in.) cold-rolled sheet stock
19、to size 50.8 by 25.4 mm (2 by1 in.). Chemical composition of the carbon steel is as follows:carbon, 0.17 to 0.23 %; manganese, 0.30 to 0.60 %; phospho-rus, 0.040 % maximum; sulfur, 0.050 % maximum.6.1.2 Copper, conforming to UNS C11000 (SAE CA110)8or UNS C11300 (SAE CA113)8. Cold-rolled, cut from1.5
20、9-mm (116-in.) sheet stock to size 50.8 by 25.4 mm (2 by 1in.).6.1.3 Brass, conforming to Alloy UNS C26000 (SAE CA260).9Half-hard, cut from 1.59-mm (116-in.) sheet stock to size50.8 by 25.4 mm (2 by 1 in.).6.1.4 SolderA brass specimen as described in 6.1.3,coated with solder conforming to Alloy Grad
21、e 30A (SAE 3A)of Specification B32.9Solder-coated specimens may be pre-pared, or used specimens recoated for reuse, by the proceduregiven inAnnexA1.Asolid solder specimen cut from 1.59-mm(116-in.) sheet stock ofAlloy Grade 30A(SAE 3A) to size 50.8by 25.4 mm (2 by 1 in.) may be used subject to mutual
22、agreement of the parties involved. The use of a solid solderspecimen must be reported along with the metal specimenweight loss results.6.1.4.1 When agreed upon between the supplier and thepurchaser of engine coolants, the standard solder specimenmay be replaced with one having a different alloy comp
23、ositionthan standardAlloy Grade 30Aor 30B. Use of specimens otherthan standardAlloy Grade 30Aor 30B shall be noted in the testreport.NOTE 3Where non-standard alloy is used, the standard flux shown inA1.1.5 may not be satisfactory. A low corrosive flux may be required.6.1.5 Cast Aluminum, conforming
24、to Alloy UNS A23190(SAE 329).8Specimen size, 50.8 by 25.4 by 3.18 mm (2 by 1by18 in.).6.1.6 Cast Iron, conforming to Alloy UNS F10007 (SAEG3500).7Specimen size, 50.8 by 25.4 by 3.18 mm (2 by 1 by18 in.).6.2 Arrangement (See Fig. 2):6.2.1 Metal Specimen ArrangementNone of the hardwareused in metal sp
25、ecimen arrangement (metal specimen, screws,washers, metal spacers, insulating sleeves, insulating spacersand nuts) can be reused for a test. The metal test specimens5The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis the Corning Glass Works. Gas-dispersion tube No. 3953
26、3, manufactured by theCorning Glass Works, 44-5 Crystal St., Corning, NY, has generally has been foundsatisfactory for this purpose. Optionally, a capillary tip bleed tube with 0.28-in.(7-mm) bore and 11.2-in. (280-mm) length may be used when consistent earlyplugging of gas dispersion tubes occurs.
27、The tube, catalog No. 7815-19, may beobtained from the Corning Glass Works, Corning, NY 14830. If you are aware ofalternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM InternationalHeadquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical commit
28、tee1, which you may attend.6If a water bath is used, a significant reduction in evaporation rate is achievedby addition of floating plastic chips on the water surface.7Complete sets or individual metal test specimens are available from (a)Chemical Specialties ManufacturersAssociation, Inc., Suite 11
29、20, 1001 ConnecticutAve., N.W., Washington, DC 20036; (b) Astro-Mechanics, Inc., 8500 ResearchBlvd., Austin, TX 78766; (c) The Metaspec Company, P.O. Box 27707, SanAntonio,TX 78227; or (d) Metal Samples Co. Inc., P.O. Box 8, Munford,AL 36268.8UNIFIED numbering system for metals and alloys, SAE-ASTM,
30、 July 1995.9Round-robin evaluation of coated solder report is available from ASTMHeadquarters. Request RR:D15-0132.FIG. 1 Metal Specimens and Equipment for the 336-h CorrosionTestD138405e12shall be drilled through the center with a 6.75-mm (1764-in.)drill to accommodate a 50.8-mm (2-in.) 1024 brass
31、machinescrew covered with a thin-walled insulating sleeve. Tetrafluo-roethylene tubing with a 6.35-mm (14-in.) outside diameter1.59-mm (116-in.) wide and a wall thickness of 0.4 mm(164-in.) is satisfactory. Two half-hard brass legs shall be cutfrom 1.59-mm (116-in.) sheet stock to size 50.8 by 25.4
32、mm (2by 1 in.). A 6.35-mm (14-in.) diameter hole shall be drilled ineach leg with the center 6.35 mm (14 in.) from the top and 12.7mm (12 in.) from each side. The test “bundle” shall be made upon the insulated screw with the specimens in the followingorder: brass leg, copper, solder, brass, steel, c
33、ast iron, castaluminum, and brass leg. The specimens shall be separated by4.76-mm (316-in.) thick solid metal spacers having a 6.75-mm(1764-in.) inside diameter and a 11.11-mm (716-in.) outsidediameter. Insulating spacers made from tetrafluoroethyleneshall be used between the brass legs and the spec
34、imen“bundle,” and between the brass and steel specimens. Brassspacers shall be used between the brass, solder, and copperspecimens, and steel spacers between the cast iron, steel, andcast aluminum specimens. The nut shall be tightened firmly toensure good electrical contact between the test specimen
35、s ineach section of the “bundle.”6.2.2 Alternate Metal Specimen ArrangementWhenagreed upon between the supplier and the purchaser, analternate metal specimen arrangement may be used to evaluatemultiple solder alloys, such as high lead Alloy Grade L501139consisting of 97 % lead, 2.5 % tin, 0.3 % silv
36、er, concurrentlywith StandardAlloy Grade 30Aor 30B. It is recommended thatthe metal specimen arrangement be modified by replacing thecopper specimen with the high lead solder specimen andarranging specimens in the bundle as follows:High LeadSolderBrass Alloy Grade30A or 30BSteel Cast Iron Cast Alumi
37、-numUse of alternate specimens and metal specimens arrange-ments shall be noted in the test report.7. Preparation of Test Specimens7.1 Sand the cast iron and cast aluminum specimens on the25.4 by 50.8-mm (1 by 2-in.) cut surfaces with “coarse” grade(No. 1) emery cloth. Remove any burrs from coupon e
38、dges andhole. Scrub all specimens vigorously, using a moistened bristlebrush and ground pumice powder or fine silicon carbide grituntil the entire metal area is bright, shiny, and free from anyvisible oxide film or tarnish.7.2 Rinse the specimens thoroughly with tap water; thenrinse with acetone, dr
39、y, and weigh to the nearest 1 mg. Castaluminum specimens should be dried in a 100C oven for 1 h,to a constant weight, prior to recording the weight.NOTE 4If the test specimens are not to be used immediately, keepthem in a desiccator until required.8. Test Solutions8.1 The concentration of the engine
40、 coolant to be testedshall be as follows:8.1.1 Engine CoolantThe engine coolant, EG or PGbased, shall be mixed with the proper quantity of corrosivewater to give a 3313 volume % coolant test solution.8.1.2 Corrosive Water (Note 4)The corrosive water shallcontain 100 ppm each of sulfate, chloride, an
41、d bicarbonate ionsintroduced as sodium salts.8.2 Preparation of SampleThe preparation of the sampleshall be done in accordance with the section on Preparation ofSolutions Requiring Inclusion of Separated Solids and Liquidsin Test Method D 1176, except that the corrosive water shall beused for diluti
42、on instead of distilled water. Thus, any insolublematerials will be included in the representative sample.NOTE 5The specified corrosive water can be prepared by dissolvingthe following amounts of anhydrous sodium salts in a quanity of distilledor deionized water.sodium sulfate 148 mgsodium chloride
43、165 mgsodium bicarbonate 138 mgThe resulting solution should be made up to a volume of 1 L withdistilled or deionized water at 20C.If relatively large amounts of corrosive water are needed for testing, aconcentrate may be prepared by dissolving ten times the above amounts ofthe three chemicals, in d
44、istilled or deionized water, and adjusting the totalvolume to 1 L by further additions of distilled or deionized water. Whenneeded, the water concentrate is diluted to the ratio of one part by volumeof concentrate to nine parts of distilled or deionized water.9. Test Conditions9.1 Beaker AssemblyThe
45、 arrangement of the assembledmetal specimens with relation to the aerator tube and othercomponents is shown in Fig. 1. Note that the tip of thecondenser just emerges from the bottom of the rubber stopper.9.2 Test TemperatureThe test solution shall be maintainedat a temperature of 88 6 2C (190 6 5F).
46、9.3 Aeration RateThe aeration rate shall be 100 6 10mL/min. The aerator tube should be located at least 12.7 mm(12 in.) away from the test “bundle” to avoid direct contact withthe metal specimens.9.4 Test DurationThe test shall be run continuously for 2weeks (336 h).10. Procedure10.1 Make triplicate
47、 tests concurrently on each enginecoolant solution in accordance with the following procedure:FIG. 2 Metal Specimen ArrangementD138405e1310.1.1 Carefully clean the test beaker, condenser, rubberstopper, and aerator tube, and thoroughly rinse with water.10.1.2 Bolt the specimens together in the order
48、 given in 6.2and place the “bundle” in the test beaker as shown in Fig. 1.10.1.3 Pour 750 mL of the prepared test solution into the1000-mL beaker.10.1.4 Fit the condenser and aeration tube to the beaker, andset the aeration rate at 100 mL/min, using a flow meter or othersuitable device.10.1.5 Raise
49、the temperature of the test solution to 88C(190F) for high-boiling engine coolants. Pass water throughthe condenser at a rate sufficient to maintain adequate cooling.10.1.6 Check the tests once each working day to ensureproper solution temperature, aeration rate, and solution level.The tests may operate unattended on weekends and holidays.Make up evaporation losses during the corrosion tests byaddition of distilled or deionized water.10.1.7 At the end of the test, immediately disassemblespecimens and brush very lightly with a soft
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