1、Designation: D1508 02 (Reapproved 2007)1 D1508 12Standard Test Method forCarbon Black, Pelleted Fines and Attrition1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1508; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、 of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTETable 1 and Table 2 revised editorially in April 2010.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the fines
3、 and attrition of pelleted carbon black.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatoryli
4、mitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1511 Test Method for Carbon BlackPellet Size DistributionD1799 Practice for Carbon BlackSampling Packaged ShipmentsD1900 Practice for Carbon BlackSampling Bulk ShipmentsD4483 Practice for Evaluating Precision for Test Method Standard
5、s in the Rubber and Carbon Black Manufacturing IndustriesD5817 Practice for Carbon Black, PelletedReduction, Blending, and Drying of Gross Samples for TestingE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves3. Summary of Test Method3.1 Method A, FinesA sample of carbon black is place
6、d on a 125-m sieve and shaken in a mechanical or vibratory sieveshaker for 5 min. The pellets, pellet fragments, dust, and unpelletized black that pass through the sieve are defined as carbon blackfines. The fines are expressed in percent.3.2 Method B, AttritionThe same test sample is shaken for an
7、additional 15 min to determine the amount of pellet degradationor attrition created during this additional shake interval. The attrition is expressed in percent.4. Significance and Use4.1 Method A, FinesThe fines content of carbon black is related to the bulk flowability, dustiness, and, in some ins
8、tances, thelevel of dispersion. Due to the many other variables that influence dispersion and handling, the significance of fines content mustbe determined by the user.4.2 Method B, AttritionBy comparing the percent fines and attrition, an indication can be obtained of pellet stability and theamount
9、 of fines that may be created by pellet degradation in conveying, handling or transit.5. Apparatus5.1 Mechanical or Vibratory Sieve Shaker.35.2 Sieves, six 125-m (U.S. Standard No. 120) having a 200-mm (8-in.) diameter and 25-mm (1-in.) height, or equivalent,conforming to Specification E11.5.3 Sieve
10、 Separator Receivers, five required.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D24 on Carbon Black and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D24.51 on Carbon Black PelletProperties.Current edition approved April 6, 2010June 1, 2012. Published July 2007August 2012. Original
11、ly approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 20022007 asD1508 02D1508 02 (2007)2 1. DOI: 10.1520/D1508-02R07E01.10.1520/D1508-12.2 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolu
12、me information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 A RoTap or Mechanical Sieve Shaker or a vibratory sieve shaker is satisfactory for this purpose. For a description of these refer to Test Method D1511.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to prov
13、ide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the
14、standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.4 Sieve Cover.5.5 Bottom Receiver Pan.5.6 Riffle Sample Splitter.5.7 Small Scoop or Large Spoon.5.8 Balance, 0.1
15、-g sensitivity.6. Sampling6.1 Samples shall be taken in accordance with Practice D1799 or Practice D1900.6.2 Practice D5817 shall be used for reduction and blending of samples.7. Procedure7.1 Method A, Fines and Method B, Attrition:7.1.1 Stack up to six sets of sieves and receivers with a receiver b
16、eneath each sieve.7.1.2 Weigh 25.0 g portions, being careful to dip approximately 25 g of black from the riffle splitter.NOTE 1It is not good practice to weigh the sample by pouring it directly out of the black container since the fines and smaller pellets will tend toremain in the container while t
17、he larger pellets pour out first. Dipping the black from the container is the preferred technique.7.1.3 Transfer each sample to an individual 125-m sieve.NOTE 2Six different materials or samples may be tested when all six sets of sieves are used. In some labs the position of the sieve may affect res
18、ultswith the higher sieves yielding higher fines data. For this reason the center position, sieves 3 and 4, should be used for referee testing.7.1.4 Assemble up to six sets of sieves and receivers into a stack. Place a cover on top and transfer to the shaker. Tighten theshaker to eliminate any loose
19、ness. Refer to the user manual for operation of the vibratory sieve shaker. A vibratory amplitude of1.3 mm should be selected with the vibratory sieve shakers operating at 3600 vpm. However, products that contain little or nobinder may experience excessive attrition at the specified amplitude of 1.3
20、 mm. It is the responsibility of the user to determine theappropriate amplitude for these products in order to match the Ro-TapMechanical Sieve Shaker3 values. It should be noted thatchanging the amplitude for standard products is not recommended and may result in erroneous values.7.1.5 Start the sh
21、aker and allow to shake for 5 min with the hammer operating.7.1.6 Remove the sieve assembly from the shaker and weigh the carbon black retained in each receiver to the nearest 0.1 g.NOTE 3To test only attrition, discard the fines without weighing.7.2 Method A, Fines:7.2.1 If testing only fines, empt
22、y and clean thoroughly all sieves in preparation for the next test.NOTE 4If attrition is to be tested, retain the pellets on the sieve and discard the fines on the receiver. Proceed to Method B, Attrition.7.3 Method B, Attrition:7.3.1 Reassemble the sieves and transfer the stack back to the shaker.
23、Shake for an additional 15 min with the hammer operating.7.3.2 Remove the sieve assembly and weigh the carbon black retained on each receiver to the nearest 0.1 g.7.3.3 Empty and clean thoroughly all sieves in preparation for the next test.8. Calculation8.1 Calculate the fines content to the nearest
24、 0.1 % as follows:F 5 WF/S! 3100 (1)8.2 Calculate attrition to the nearest 0.1 % as follows:A 5 WA/S! 3100 (2)where:A = attrition, %,F = fines content, %,WF = mass of carbon black in receiver after 5 min shake, g,WA = mass of carbon black in receiver after additional 15 min shake, total 20 min g, an
25、dS = mass of black tested, g.9. Report9.1 Report the following information:9.1.1 Proper identification of the sample.9.1.2 Time duration of shaking.9.1.3 Results obtained, reported to the nearest 0.1 %.D1508 12210. Precision and Bias10.1 These precision statements have been prepared in accordance wi
26、th Practice D4483. Refer to this practice for terminologyand other statistical details.10.2 The precision results in this precision and bias section give an estimate of the precision for fines and attrition testing. Theprecision parameters should not be used for acceptance or rejection testing of an
27、y group of materials without documentation thatthey are applicable to those particular materials and the specific testing protocols of the test method.10.3 A Type 1 interlaboratory precision program was conducted in May 1998. Both repeatability and reproducibility representshort term testing conditi
28、ons. Seven laboratories tested four carbon blacks twice on two different days. A test result is the valueobtained from a single determination. Acceptable difference values were not measured. The between operator component ofvariation is included in the calculated values for r and R.10.4 The results
29、of the precision calculations for this test are given in Table 1 and Table 2 respectively. The materials arearranged in ascending “mean level” order.10.5 Precision is dependent upon the amount of fines or attrition. It can be estimated by selecting a material from Table 1 andTable 2 with properties
30、similar to the test material and reading the corresponding precision figures.10.6 RepeatabilityThe test repeatability of fines, r or attrition (r) has been established as any appropriate value in Table 1 orTable 2 Two single test results that differ by more than the tabulated value must be considere
31、d suspect. Appropriate action shouldbe taken.10.7 ReproducibilityThe test reproducibility of fines, R or attrition, (R) has been established as any appropriate value in Table1 or Table 2. Two single test results that differ by more than the tabulated value must be considered suspect. Appropriate act
32、ionshould be taken.10.8 BiasReference values do not exist for fines and attrition since the levels of the test properties are defined exclusively bythe test method. Therefore bias cannot be determined.10.9 Test precision using vibratory sieve shakers has not been determined.11. Keywords11.1 attritio
33、n; carbon black; fines; pellet qualityTABLE 1 Test Method Precision-Type 1: Five Minute Fines (%)Materials MeanLevel %Within Laboratories Between LaboratoriesSr r (r) SR R (R)Material C 1.5 0.31 0.9 60.2 0.51 1.5 98.9Material A 2.2 0.53 1.5 69.2 0.68 1.9 88.4Material D 4.5 0.89 2.5 55.7 1.03 2.9 64.
34、4Material B 9.8 0.87 2.5 25.2 0.91 2.6 26.4Pooled orAverage Values4.5 0.70 2.0 43.8 0.81 2.3 51.1D1508 123ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised tha
35、t determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reappro
36、ved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you fe
37、el that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual rep
38、rints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the A
39、STM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).TABLE 2 Test Method Precision-Type 1: Attrition (%)NOTE 1Sr = repeatability standard deviation, in measurement units.r = repeatability, in measurement units.(r) = repeatability, (relative) percent.SR = reproducibility standard deviation, in measurement units.R =
40、 reproducibility, in measurement units.(R) = reproducibility, (relative) percent.Materials MeanLevel %Within Laboratories Between LaboratoriesSr r (r) SR R (R)Material B 0.9 0.14 0.4 46.1 0.24 0.7 78.1Material A 0.9 0.15 0.4 47.2 0.23 0.6 69.6Material D 1.8 0.25 0.7 39.7 0.54 1.5 85.2Material C 2.3 0.19 0.6 24.0 0.61 1.7 75.4Pooled orAverage Values1.5 0.19 0.5 36.7 0.44 1.2 84.8D1508 124
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