ASTM D1555-2004a Standard Test Method for Calculation of Volume and Weight of Industrial Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Cyclohexane《工业芳烃和环己烷体积和重量的计算的标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: D 1555 04aStandard Test Method forCalculation of Volume and Weight of Industrial AromaticHydrocarbons and Cyclohexane1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1555; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of re

2、vision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This standard i

3、s for use in calculating the weight andvolume of benzene, toluene, mixed xylenes, styrene, ortho-xylene, meta-xylene, para-xylene, cumene, ethylbenzene, 300to 350F and 350 to 400F aromatic hydrocarbons, andcyclohexane. A method is given for calculating the volume at60F from an observed volume at tF.

4、 Table 1 lists the densityin pounds per gallon at 60F for high purity chemicals.1.2 Calculated results shall be rounded off in accordancewith the rounding-off method of Practice E29.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theres

5、ponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 1217 Test Method for Density and Relative Density(Specific Gravity) of Liquids by Bingha

6、m PycnometerD 3505 Test Method for Density or Relative Density ofPure Liquid ChemicalsD 4052 Test Method for Density and Relative Density ofLiquids by Digital Density MeterE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications2.2 Other Documents:American P

7、etroleum Society Research Project 443Patterson, J. B., and Morris, E. C., Metrologia, 31, 1994,pp. 277-288TRC Thermodynamic TablesHydrocarbons, NSRDS-NIST 75-121, Supplement No. 121, April 30, 20013. Significance and Use3.1 This test method is suitable for use in calculatingweights and volumes of th

8、e products outlined in Section 1. Theinformation presented in this method can be used for deter-mining quantities of the above-stated aromatic hydrocarbons intanks, shipping containers, etc.4. Basic Data4.1 Densities of pure materials at 60F are derived fromdensities furnished by NSRDS-NIST 75-121 (

9、National Stan-dard Reference Data SeriesNational Institute of Standardsand Technology). Densities of impure materials should bedetermined by actual measurement (see Section 7).4.2 The VCF (Volume Correction Factor) equations pro-vided below were derived from the Volume Correction Tablespresented in

10、the previous edition of this standard, MethodD 1555-95. Although reported as based on the AmericanPetroleum Institute Research Project 44, the actual documen-tation that could be found is incomplete. As regression of theNIST data (Appendix X1) provided VCFs that differ from thehistorical VCFs by onl

11、y 0 to 6 0.12 % (depending on thecompound), the decision was made to use the previous meth-ods VCF tables.4.3 The VCF tables were regressed with a commerciallyavailable data regression program (TableCurve 2D V4). How-ever, any modern regression program should produce the sameresults.4.4 The former V

12、CF tables were based on data for com-pounds of the highest purity, but were reported to be usable formaterials in the ranges indicated in Table 2. The data support-ing this conclusion appears to be unavailable at the presenttime; however there is no reason to change this recommenda-tion. If, dependi

13、ng on the composition of the impurities, thereis reason to suspect that the VCF implementation procedurespresented below do not apply to a particular impure product, aseparate implementation procedure should be independently1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 onAromatic

14、 Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D16.01 on Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Cyclohexane and TheirDerivatives.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2004. Published January 2005. Originallyapproved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 1555 04.2Fo

15、r referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3“Selected Values of Properties of Hydrocarbons and Related Comp

16、ounds,”prepared by American Petroleum Institute Research Project 44 at the ChemicalThermodynamics Center, Department of Chemistry, Texas A however, the purchaser and seller should agree on which to use in their transactions.TABLE 2 Application Range of Implementation ProcedureImpure Products RangeBe

17、nzene 95 to 100%Cumene 95 to 100%Cyclohexane 90 to 100%Ethylbenzene 95 to 100%Styrene 95 to 100%Toluene 95 to 100%Mixed Xylenes All proportionsm-Xylene 95 to 100%o-Xylene 95 to 100%p-Xylene 94 to 100%300-350F Aromatic Hydrocarbons All proportions350-400F Aromatic Hydrocarbons All proportionsTABLE 3

18、VCF ConstantsProduct a b c d eBenzene 1.038382492 -6.2307 3 10-4-2.8505 3 10-71.2692 3 10-100Cumene 1.032401114 -5.3445 3 10-4-9.5067 3 10-83.6272 3 10-110Cyclohexane 1.039337296 -6.4728 3 10-4-1.4582 3 10-71.03538 3 10-100Ethylbenzene 1.033346632 -5.5243 3 10-48.37035 3 10-10-1.2692 3 10-95.55061 3

19、 10-12Styrene 1.032227515 -5.3444 3 10-4-4.4323 3 10-800Toluene 1.035323647 -5.8887 3 10-42.46508 3 10-9-7.2802 3 10-120m-XyleneA1.031887514 -5.2326 3 10-4-1.3253 3 10-7-7.35960 3 10-110o-Xylene 1.031436449 -5.2302 3 10-4-2.5217 3 10-9-2.13840 3 10-100p-Xylene 1.032307000 -5.2815 3 10-4-1.8416 3 10-

20、71.89256 3 10-100300-350F 1.031118000 -5.1827 3 10-4-3.5109 3 10-9-1.98360 3 10-110350-400F 1.029099000 -4.8287 3 10-4-3.7692 3 10-83.78575 3 10-110Aand Mixed Xylenes.D 1555 04a26. Use of the Implementation Procedure6.1 Volume Reduction to 60FEnter the appropriate equa-tion with the temperature to t

21、he nearest 0.1 degree Fahrenheitat which the bulk volume was measured (temperature t). Afterperforming the mathematical operations, round the resultingVCF to 5 places past the decimal. Multiply the bulk volumemeasurement at temperature t by the VCF.NOTE 1The purchaser and seller should agree on a re

22、asonable policyin regard to rounding of final numbers in all computations. Rounding thefinal weight or volume to five significant figures is, in most cases, alsoacceptable.6.1.1 Example 1What is the volume at 60F of a tank carof p-xylene whose volume was measured to be 9280 gal at amean temperature

23、of 88.7F?6.1.1.1 Enter Eq 1 with 88.7 and the appropriate constantsfrom Table 3 to calculate a VCF of 0.98414. The volume at60F is:9280 0.98414 5 9132.8 gal6.2 Converting Volume to Weight for Chemicals Listed inTable 1Multiply the volume in gallons at 60F (5 digits) bythe appropriate density in poun

24、ds per gallon at 60F (see Table1 and Table 1 Note).6.2.1 Example 2What is the weight of p-xylene whose netvolume is 9132.8 gal?6.2.1.1 The weight is:9132.8 7.2151 5 65,894 lb in vacuoor9132.8 7.2062 5 65,813 lb in air6.3 Converting Volume to Weight for MixturesCorrect themeasured bulk volume to 60F

25、as described in 6.1. Determinethe density (all weights in vacuo) at 60F in grams per millilitre(or grams per cubic centimetre, they are equivalent) as de-scribed in Section 7. To obtain the density in pounds per gallonin vacuo, multiply by the factor described in footnote C ofTable 1. To obtain the

26、density in pounds per gallon in air at60F, use the equation described in footnote D of Table 1 (orrefer to Appendix X3).6.3.1 Example 3If the p-xylene in Example 2 is less than100 % pure, its density should be determined by actualmeasurement. For instance, if the p-xylene is 95 % pure and itsdensity

27、 has been measured and determined to be 0.8651 g/mL(in vacuo) at 60F, the density in lb/gal is:0.8651 8.34540438! 5 7.2196 lb/gal in vacuoor0.8651 1.00014992597 0.00119940779543! 8.345404385 7.2107 lb/gal in airThe weight of the net volume is thus:9132.8 7.2196 65,935 lb in vacuoor9132.8 7.2107 5 65

28、,854 lb in air6.3.2 Example 4What is the weight of the contents of atank car of mixed xylenes having a measured 60F density of0.87638 g/mL (in vacuo), whose volume was determined to be9280 gal at a mean temperature of 88.7F?6.3.2.1 Enter Eq 1 with 88.7 and the appropriate constantsfrom Table 3 to ca

29、lculate a VCF of 0.98438. The volume at60F is then 9280 0.98438 = 9135.0 gal.6.3.2.2 The density in lb/gal at 60F is:0.87638 8.34540438! 5 7.3137 lb/gal in vacuoor0.87638 1.00014992597 0.00119940779543! 8.345404385 7.3048 lb/gal in air6.3.2.3 The weight of the net volume is thus:9135 7.3137 5 66,811

30、 lb in vacuoor9135 7.3048 5 66,729 lb in air7. Density Determination7.1 Density determinations may be carried out by anyprocedure known to be reliable to at least 4 digits. TestMethods D 1217, D 3505, and D 4052 are suitable and arewritten to give density in vacuo. They should be used withcaution, h

31、owever, as they may be using the older data than thatupon which this standard is based upon.8. Precision and Bias8.1 Since this is a calculation method, no precision and biasstatement is required.9. Keywords9.1 aromatic; benzene; calculation; conversion; cumene;density; ethylbenzene; in air; in vacu

32、o; m-xylene; mixedxylene; o-xylene; p-xylene; specific gravity; styrene; 300 to350F aromatic hydrocarbons; 350 to 400F aromatic hydro-carbons; toluene; volume; weightD 1555 04a3TABLE 4 Volume Correction FactorsVolume Correction to 60FTemperatureFBenzene Cumene Cyclohexane Ethylbenzene Styrene Toluen

33、em-XyleneandMixedXyleneso-Xylene p-Xylene300 to 350AromaticHydrocarbons350 to 400AromaticHydrocarbons-5.0 . . . . . 1.03827 . . . . .-4.0 . . . . . 1.03768 . . . . .-3.0 . . . . . 1.03709 . . . . .-2.0 . . . . . 1.03650 . . . . .-1.0 . . . . . 1.03591 . . . . .0.0 . . . . . 1.03532 . . . . .1.0 . .

34、. . . 1.03473 . . . . .2.0 . . . . . 1.03415 . . . . .3.0 . . . . . 1.03356 . . . . .4.0 . . . . . 1.03297 . . . . .5.0 . 1.02973 . 1.03058 . 1.03238 1.02927 1.02882 . 1.02853 1.026686.0 . 1.02919 . 1.03003 . 1.03179 1.02874 1.02830 . 1.02801 1.026207.0 . 1.02866 . 1.02948 . 1.03120 1.02822 1.02778

35、. 1.02749 1.025728.0 . 1.02812 . 1.02893 . 1.03061 1.02769 1.02725 . 1.02697 1.025239.0 . 1.02758 . 1.02837 . 1.03002 1.02717 1.02673 . 1.02645 1.0247510.0 . 1.02705 . 1.02782 . 1.02944 1.02664 1.02621 . 1.02593 1.0242711.0 . 1.02651 . 1.02727 . 1.02885 1.02612 1.02568 . 1.02542 1.0237812.0 . 1.0259

36、7 . 1.02672 . 1.02826 1.02559 1.02516 . 1.02490 1.0233013.0 . 1.02544 . 1.02616 . 1.02767 1.02506 1.02464 . 1.02438 1.0228214.0 . 1.02490 . 1.02561 . 1.02708 1.02454 1.02411 . 1.02386 1.0223315.0 . 1.02436 . 1.02506 1.02420 1.02649 1.02401 1.02359 . 1.02334 1.0218516.0 . 1.02383 . 1.02450 1.02367 1.

37、02590 1.02348 1.02307 . 1.02282 1.0213617.0 . 1.02329 . 1.02395 1.02313 1.02531 1.02295 1.02254 . 1.02231 1.0208818.0 . 1.02275 . 1.02340 1.02259 1.02472 1.02243 1.02202 . 1.02179 1.0204019.0 . 1.02221 . 1.02284 1.02206 1.02414 1.02190 1.02150 . 1.02127 1.0199120.0 . 1.02167 . 1.02229 1.02152 1.0235

38、5 1.02137 1.02097 . 1.02075 1.0194321.0 . 1.02114 . 1.02174 1.02098 1.02296 1.02084 1.02045 . 1.02023 1.0189422.0 . 1.02060 . 1.02118 1.02045 1.02237 1.02031 1.01993 . 1.01971 1.0184623.0 . 1.02006 . 1.02063 1.01991 1.02178 1.01978 1.01940 . 1.01920 1.0179724.0 . 1.01952 . 1.02007 1.01938 1.02119 1.

39、01925 1.01888 . 1.01868 1.0174925.0 . 1.01898 . 1.01952 1.01884 1.02060 1.01872 1.01836 . 1.01816 1.0170026.0 . 1.01844 . 1.01896 1.01830 1.02001 1.01819 1.01783 . 1.01764 1.0165227.0 . 1.01790 . 1.01841 1.01777 1.01943 1.01766 1.01731 . 1.01712 1.0160328.0 . 1.01736 . 1.01785 1.01723 1.01884 1.0171

40、3 1.01679 . 1.01660 1.0155529.0 . 1.01682 . 1.01730 1.01669 1.01825 1.01660 1.01626 . 1.01608 1.0150630.0 . 1.01628 . 1.01674 1.01615 1.01766 1.01607 1.01574 . 1.01557 1.0145831.0 . 1.01574 . 1.01619 1.01562 1.01707 1.01554 1.01521 . 1.01505 1.0140932.0 . 1.01520 . 1.01563 1.01508 1.01648 1.01501 1.

41、01469 . 1.01453 1.0136133.0 . 1.01466 . 1.01508 1.01454 1.01589 1.01447 1.01417 . 1.01401 1.0131234.0 . 1.01412 . 1.01452 1.01401 1.01530 1.01394 1.01364 . 1.01349 1.0126435.0 . 1.01358 . 1.01397 1.01347 1.01472 1.01341 1.01312 . 1.01297 1.0121536.0 . 1.01304 . 1.01341 1.01293 1.01413 1.01287 1.0125

42、9 . 1.01245 1.0116737.0 . 1.01250 . 1.01285 1.01239 1.01354 1.01234 1.01207 . 1.01194 1.0111838.0 . 1.01196 . 1.01230 1.01185 1.01295 1.01181 1.01155 . 1.01142 1.0107039.0 . 1.01142 . 1.01174 1.01132 1.01236 1.01127 1.01102 . 1.01090 1.0102140.0 . 1.01087 . 1.01118 1.01078 1.01177 1.01074 1.01050 .

43、1.01038 1.0097341.0 . 1.01033 . 1.01063 1.01024 1.01118 1.01021 1.00997 . 1.00986 1.0092442.0 . 1.00979 . 1.01007 1.00970 1.01059 1.00967 1.00945 . 1.00934 1.0087543.0 1.01107 1.00925 1.00951 1.00916 1.01001 1.00914 1.00892 . 1.00882 1.0082744.0 1.01043 1.00870 1.01058 1.00895 1.00863 1.00942 1.0086

44、0 1.00840 . 1.00831 1.0077845.0 1.00978 1.00816 1.00992 1.00840 1.00809 1.00883 1.00807 1.00788 . 1.00779 1.0073046.0 1.00913 1.00762 1.00926 1.00784 1.00755 1.00824 1.00753 1.00735 . 1.00727 1.0068147.0 1.00848 1.00708 1.00860 1.00728 1.00701 1.00765 1.00699 1.00683 . 1.00675 1.0063248.0 1.00783 1.

45、00653 1.00794 1.00672 1.00647 1.00706 1.00646 1.00630 . 1.00623 1.0058449.0 1.00718 1.00599 1.00728 1.00616 1.00593 1.00647 1.00592 1.00578 . 1.00571 1.0053550.0 1.00653 1.00545 1.00662 1.00560 1.00539 1.00589 1.00538 1.00525 . 1.00519 1.0048751.0 1.00588 1.00490 1.00596 1.00504 1.00486 1.00530 1.00

46、485 1.00473 . 1.00467 1.0043852.0 1.00523 1.00436 1.00530 1.00448 1.00432 1.00471 1.00431 1.00420 . 1.00416 1.0038953.0 1.00458 1.00381 1.00464 1.00393 1.00378 1.00412 1.00377 1.00368 . 1.00364 1.0034154.0 1.00393 1.00327 1.00398 1.00337 1.00324 1.00353 1.00323 1.00315 . 1.00312 1.0029255.0 1.00327

47、1.00272 1.00331 1.00281 1.00270 1.00294 1.00270 1.00263 . 1.00260 1.0024356.0 1.00262 1.00218 1.00265 1.00224 1.00216 1.00235 1.00216 1.00210 1.00219 1.00208 1.0019557.0 1.00196 1.00164 1.00199 1.00168 1.00162 1.00176 1.00162 1.00158 1.00164 1.00156 1.0014658.0 1.00131 1.00109 1.00132 1.00112 1.0010

48、8 1.00118 1.00108 1.00105 1.00109 1.00104 1.0009759.0 1.00066 1.00055 1.00066 1.00056 1.00054 1.00059 1.00054 1.00053 1.00054 1.00052 1.0004960.0 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.0000061.0 0.99934 0.99945 0.99933 0.99944 0.99946 0.99941 0.99946 0.9994

49、7 0.99945 0.99949 0.99951D 1555 04a4TABLE 4 ContinuedVolume Correction to 60FTemperatureFBenzene Cumene Cyclohexane Ethylbenzene Styrene Toluenem-XyleneandMixedXyleneso-Xylene p-Xylene300 to 350AromaticHydrocarbons350 to 400AromaticHydrocarbons62.0 0.99869 0.99891 0.99867 0.99888 0.99892 0.99882 0.99892 0.99895 0.99890 0.99897 0.9990363.0 0.99803 0.99836 0.99801 0.99832 0.99838 0.99823 0.99838 0.99842 0.99835 0.99845 0.9985464.0 0.99737 0.99782 0.99734 0.99775 0.99784 0.99764 0.99784 0.99790 0.99780