1、Designation: D1710 15Standard Specification forExtruded Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Rod, Heavy WalledTubing and Basic Shapes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1710; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revisi
2、on, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specificat
3、ion covers extruded polytetrafluoroethyl-ene (PTFE) rod, heavy-walled tubing, and basic shapes manu-factured from the PTFE resin of Specification D4894 andreprocessed PTFE resin (as defined in Guide D7209).1.2 The specification covers all sizes of rod, tubing, andbasic shapes with a wall thickness o
4、f 1.6 mm (116 in.) orgreater. These materials must be made wholly from PTFE andproduced in accordance with good commercial ram extrusionpractices.NOTE 1This specification and ISO/DIS 13000-1 (1997) and ISO/DIS13000-2 (1997) differ in approach, however, data obtained using either aretechnically equiv
5、alent.NOTE 2For compression molded PTFE materials, see SpecificationD3294. Material that can be certified to Specification D3294 may besubstituted for Specification D1710, however the reverse in not true.1.3 The values stated in SI units, as detailed in IEEE/ASTMSI 10 are to be regarded as the stand
6、ard. The inch-pound unitsgiven in parentheses are provided for information only.1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the testmethods portion, Section 12, only of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It
7、is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Solid E
8、lectrical Insulating Materialsat Commercial Power FrequenciesD374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-lation (Withdrawn 2013)3D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD883 Term
9、inology Relating to PlasticsD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD4894 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)Granular Molding and Ram Extrusion MaterialsD5740 Guide for Writing Material Standards in the Classi-fication
10、FormatD5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of SolidPlastics SpecimensD7209 Guide for Waste Reduction, Resource Recovery, andUse of Recycled Polymeric Materials and Products (With-drawn 2015)3E94 Guide for Radiographic ExaminationIEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for the Use of the InternationalSystem o
11、f Units (SI): The Modern Metric System42.2 ISO Standards:5ISO 13000-1 (2005) PlasticsPolytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) Semi-Finished Products, Part 1: Basis for Speci-ficationISO 13000-2 (2005) PlasticsPolytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) Semi-Finished Products, Part 2: Preparation ofTest Specimen and Determin
12、ation of Properties3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology D883unless otherwise specified.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on ThermoplasticMaterials.Curren
13、t edition approved Sept. 1, 2015. Published September 2015. Originallyapproved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D1710 - 08. DOI:10.1520/D1710-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book
14、 of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, WestConshohocken, PA 19428.5Available from American Nat
15、ional Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.2 lot, none produc
16、tion run or a uniform blend of twoor more production runs.3.2 AbbreviationsAbbreviations are in accordance withTerminology D1600. PTFE is the acronym for polytetrafluo-roethylene.4. Classification4.1 This specification covers three types of PTFE rod,heavy-walled tubing, and basic shapes. They are as
17、 follows:4.1.1 Type I, PremiumAtype of rod, heavy-walled tubing,or basic shape requiring both maximum physical and electricalproperties to meet rigid requirements.4.1.2 Type II, Non-electrical PremiumA type of rod,heavy-walled tubing, or basic shape requiring physicalproperties, but no electrical re
18、quirements.4.1.3 Type IIIA type of rod, heavy-walled tubing, or basicshape for non-critical chemical, electrical, and mechanicalapplications.4.1.4 Type IVA type of rod, heavy-walled tubing, or basicshape for chemical, electrical, and mechanical applications, notrequiring physical property testing as
19、 described for Types I, II,and III, in Tables 1 and 2.NOTE 3Type I andType II are Grade 1 (Virgin Resin) andType III andType IV are Grade 2 (Reprocessed Resin).4.2 A one-line system is used to specify materials coveredby this specification. The system uses predefined cells to referto specific aspect
20、s of this specification, illustrated as follows:SpecificationStandard Number Type Grade Class SpecialBlock notesExample: Specification D171008 1 1 A4.2.1 For this example, the line callout would be Specifica-tion D171008, 11 A, and would specify that a rod, heavy-walled tubing, or basic shape has al
21、l of the properties listed forthat type, grade, and class. A comma is used as the separatorbetween the standard number and the type. Separators are notneeded between the type, grade, and class. A provision forspecial notes is included so that other information can beprovided when required. An exampl
22、e would be to specify thedimension tolerances for each size of rod, heavy-walled tubing,or basic shape. When special notes are used, they shall bepreceded by a comma.4.3 The types are further subdivided into two grades:4.3.1 Grade 1Made only from virgin resin.4.3.2 Grade 2Made using reprocessed resi
23、n.4.4 The grades are further subdivided into four classes:4.4.1 Class ARod, heavy-walled tubing, or basic shapehaving normal dimensional stability.4.4.2 Class BRod, heavy-walled tubing, or basic shapemeeting the dimensional stability requirements of Table 1.4.4.3 Class CSame as Class A, but, in addi
24、tion, com-pletely examined for internal defects.4.4.4 Class DSame as Class B, but, in addition, com-pletely examined for internal defects.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The rod, heavy-walled tubing, or basic shapes fromTypes I, II, III, and IV shall be made from non-pigmentedPTFE as free of foreign
25、 matter as commercially practical.6. General Requirements6.1 The rod, heavy-walled tubing, or basic shapes coveredby this specification shall meet the mechanical and electricalrequirements specified in Table 1 when tested by the methodsgiven in Section 12. The heavy-walled tubing covered by thisspec
26、ification shall meet the mechanical and electrical require-ments in Table 2 when tested by the methods given in Section12.7. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations7.1 The dimensions and tolerances of heavy-walled tubingshall be in accordance with Table 3. Measurements shall bemade in accordanc
27、e with Method A of Test Methods D374 orTest Method D5947.7.2 For rod and heavy-walled tubing, it is necessary tocenter-less-grind the outside diameter for rod and heavy-walledtubing to meet the tolerances given in Table 3. Tolerances forsizes of rod 50.8 mm (2.0 in.) and above shall be agreed uponbe
28、 manufacturer and buyer.7.2.1 EccentricityThe eccentricity of the heavy-walledtubing, when measured as one half of the difference betweenthe maximum and minimum wall thickness at either end of thetube, shall not exceed 10 % of the nominal wall thickness.TABLE 1 Detail Requirements of Extruded RodPro
29、pertiesType I Type II Type IIIRod Diameter, in.ARod Diameter, in.ARod Diameter, in.Aunder1212 to112over112under1212 to112over112under1212 to112over112Specific gravity, min 2.14 2.15 2.15 2.14 2.15 2.15 2.12 2.13 2.14Tensile strength, min, MPa 13.8 14.5 15.2 13.8 14.5 15.2 9.7 10.3 11.0(psi) (2000) (
30、2100) (2200) (2000) (2100) (2200) (1400) (1500) (1600)Elongation at Break, min,% 150 175 200 100 125 150 50 75 75Dielectric strength, min, V/mil 700 750 750 . . . . . .Dimensional stability,Bmax, %Length 1.5 1.5 . 1.5 1.5 . 3.0 3.0 .Diameter 0.5 0.5 . 0.5 0.5 . 1.0 1.0 .A1 in. = 25.4 mm.BThis requir
31、ement applies only to rod of Classes B and D that is under 25.4 mm (1 in.) in diameter. Values for larger sizes shall be as agreed upon by manufacture andbuyer or manufacture stating material was stress relieved after manufacture of extruded rod.D1710 152Nominal wall thickness is one half the differ
32、ence between thenominal outside diameter and the nominal inside diameter.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 ColorType I shall be white to translucent but mayhave occasional spots. Types III and IV typically are white butmay vary to light gray or light brown. For Types II, III, and IVoccasiona
33、l small gray, brown, or black spots shall not beconsidered cause for rejection.8.2 FinishThe rod or heavy-walled tubing shall be freefrom surface blisters, cracks, wrinkles, and other surfacedefects that might impair it for general use.8.3 Internal DefectsClasses C and D shall be free of allmacrosco
34、pic voids, cracks, and foreign inclusions, or thelocation of such defects shall be clearly marked or identified.The examination for internal defects shall be made in accor-dance with Guide E94.9. Sampling9.1 Sampling shall be statistically adequate to satisfy therequirements of 13.4.10. Number of Te
35、sts and Retests10.1 The tests listed in Table 1 and Table 2, as they apply,are sufficient to establish conformity of the PTFE rod orheavy-walled tubing to this specification. When the number oftest specimens is not stated in the test method, single determi-nation shall be made. If more than single d
36、eterminations onseparate portions of the same sample are made, the results shallbe averaged. The single or average result shall conform to therequirements prescribed in this specification.11. Test Conditions11.1 Conditioning of SpecimensThe test specimens shallbe conditioned in accordance with Proce
37、dure A of PracticeD618 for a period of at least 4 h prior to test.11.2 Standard TemperatureThe tests shall be conducted atthe standard laboratory temperature of 23 6 2C. Since the rodor heavy-walled tubing does not absorb water, the maintenanceof constant humidity during testing is not important.12.
38、 Test Methods12.1 Visual InspectionVisually inspect each of thesamples of PTFE rod or heavy-walled tubing selected inaccordance with Section 9 to verify its compliance with therequirements of this specification. Occasional superficial flawsin PTFE rod or heavy-walled tubing shall be interpreted as n
39、otaffecting the physical and electrical properties; however, ifthere is an appearance of a transverse discontinuity or “pokerchip,” testing for tensile strength and elongation is imperative.12.2 Specific GravityDetermine the specific gravity of therod or heavy-walled tubing in accordance with Method
40、 A ofTest Methods D792. Two drops of wetting agent shall be addedto the water in order to reduce the surface tension and ensurecomplete wetting of the specimens. Test two specimens repre-sentative of the cross section of the rod or heavy-walled tubingand average the results.12.3 Tensile Strength and
41、 Elongation:TABLE 2 Properties of PTFE Heavy-Walled TubingGradeType I Type II Type IIIGrade1Grade2Grade1Grade2Grade1Grade2Specific Gravity, min 2.15 2.14 2.15 2.14 2.14 2.13Tensile Strength, min, MPA 13.8 10.4 13.8 10.4 11.0 9.0(psi) (2000) (1500) (2000) (1500) (1600) (1300)Elongation at break, min,
42、 % 150 140 150 140 100 80Dielectric Strength, min1 mm (0.040 in.) kV/mm 29.5 27.5 25.6 23.6 12 10Short Time (V/mil) (750) (700) (650) (600) (325) (250)Dimensional Stabilitymax, Classes B and D, %Length 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5Diameter 0.5 0.5 0.75 0.75 1.0 1.0TABLE 3 Diameter and Tolerances for PTFE
43、Rod andHeavy-Walled TubingNominal Inside orOutsideDiameter,Amm (in.)Tolerance,Bmm (in.)1.6 (116) 0.13(0.005)3.2 (18) 0.18(0.007)4.8 (316) 0.23(0.009)6.3 (14) 0.30(0.012)9.5 (38) 0.30(0.012)12.7 (12) 0.36(0.014)15.8 (58) 0.41(0.016)19.1 (34) 0.43(0.017)25.4 (1) 0.51(0.020)31.8 (114) 0.64(0.025)38.1 (
44、112) 0.76(0.030)44.4 (134) 0.89(0.035)AIntermediate diameters shall conform to the tolerances of the next larger diameterin the table.BThe tolerance is plus for outside diameters and minus for inside diameters.D1710 15312.3.1 Determine the tensile strength and elongation of rodswith a diameter equal
45、 to or greater than 15.8 mm (0.625 in.)diameter in accordance with Specification D4894 modified asdescribed below. Prepare the micro tensile specimens from1.27- 2.54 mm (0.05-0.10 in.) thick wafers cut from the centerportion of the rod in a plane parallel to the direction ofextrusion.12.3.1.1 For ro
46、ds of less than 15.8 mm (0.625 in.) diameterprepare the test specimens in accordance with Fig. 1.12.3.1.2 Rods of 6.35 mm (14 in.) and smaller shall betested in fill cross-section.12.3.1.3 For the tensile strength and elongation of heavy-walled tubing, machine a sleeve 1.27-2.54 mm (0.05-0.10 in.)wa
47、ll thickness approximately 25.4 mm (1 in.) long from theinner area of the tubing. Slit this sleeve using a utility knife (cutparallel to direction of extrusion) to open up and lay flat thistubing. Using steel rule diameter as described in SpecificationD4894 stamp samples around perimeter of the tubi
48、ng.12.3.2 Test at a speed of 50.8 mm (2 in.)/min, five speci-mens to be tested and averaged for all specimen types.12.3.3 Precision and BiasThe precision and bias dataavailable is shown in Table 4.12.4 Dielectric Strength:12.4.1 Determine the dielectric strength in accordance withthe short-timed tes
49、t of Test Method D149. Electrode shall be1/16” diameter pin electrode having beveled edges where theyimpinge on the specimen. Sample thickness shall be 1 6 0.02mm (0.040 6 0.001 in.). Test five specimens in oil and averageresults.12.4.1.1 Dielectric Strength of Rod SpecimensFor rods ofsufficient diameter that prevent flash over (approx 0.5 in.)prepare wafers by cutting specimens perpendicular to thelength-wise axis as wafers 1 6 0.02 mm (0.040 6 0.001 in.)thick and place between two electrodes that contact the waferat its cente
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