1、Designation: D1776/D1776M 15D1776/D1776M 16Standard Practice forConditioning and Testing Textiles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1776/D1776M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last re
2、vision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the conditioning a
3、nd testing of textiles when conditioning is specified in a test method. Because priorexposure of textiles to high or low humidity may affect moisture pick-up equilibrium, a procedure also is given for preconditioningthe material when required.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound un
4、its are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to add
5、ress all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminolog
6、y Relating to TextilesD618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD885 Test Methods for Tire Cords, Tire Cord Fabrics, and Industrial Filament Yarns Made from Manufactured Organic-BaseFibersD4920 Terminology Relating to Conditioning, Chemical, and Thermal PropertiesD5867 Test Methods for Meas
7、urement of Physical Properties of Raw Cotton by Cotton Classification InstrumentsD7269 Test Methods for Tensile Testing of Aramid YarnsD7744 Test Methods for Tensile Testing of High Performance Polyethylene TapesE337 Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psychrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and
8、 Dry-Bulb Temperatures)2.2 ISO Standard:ISO 139 Textiles Standard Atmosphere for Conditioning and Testing33. Terminology3.1 For terminology related to conditioning see Terminology D4920.3.2 The following terms are relevant to this standard: accelerated conditioning, moisture content, moisture equili
9、brium, moistureequilibrium for preconditioning, moisture equilibrium for testing, precondition, standard atmosphere for preconditioning textiles,standard atmosphere for testing textiles, uncertainty of (in) measurement.3.3 For definitions of other textile terms used in this standard see Terminology
10、D123.4. Summary of Practice4.1 Samples or specimens requiring preconditioning are brought to relatively low moisture content in a specified atmosphere.Samples or specimenspecimens not requiring pre-conditioning are brought to moisture equilibrium (specific to fiber-content)according to the standard
11、atmosphereatmospheres for testing textiles as shown in Table 1.1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.51 on Conditioning, Chemical andThermal Properties.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2015Jan. 1, 2016. Publis
12、hed March 2015January 2016. Originally approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 20082015 asD177608D177615.1. DOI: 10.1520/D1776_D1776M-15.10.1520/D1776_D1776M-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For An
13、nual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer tot he standards Document summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd Street, 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of
14、an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as publ
15、ished by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.2 Understanding of tolerance and uncertainty of measurement has evolved since the creation of the original version of thisstanda
16、rd. Due to this new understanding, uncertainty of measurement has been taken into account in determining acceptabletolerances for the standard atmosphereatmospheres for testing textiles as shown in Table 1.5. Significance and Use5.1 The conditioning prescribed in this practice is designed to obtain
17、reproducible results on textiles and textile products.Results of tests obtained on these materials under uncontrolled atmospheres may not be comparable with each other. In general,many of the physical properties of textiles and textile products are influenced by relative humidity and temperature in
18、a mannerthat affects the results of the tests. To make reliable comparisons among different textile materials and products, and amongdifferent laboratories, it is necessary that standard atmospheres be utilized during conditioning and testing.5.2 The documentation of standard atmospheres for precond
19、itioning (if necessary), conditioning, testing settings and tolerances,including the determination of the uncertainty of measurement of temperature and relative humidity recording devices, may benecessary for laboratory accreditation. See Appendix X1.6. Apparatus6.1 Conditioning Room or Chamber, con
20、sisting of:6.1.1 Equipment for the generation of heated or cooled air, moisture, and air circulation with control devices to maintainstandard atmospheres for testing textiles throughout a laboratory space, room or chamber within the tolerances given in Table 1.NOTE 1Temperature and relative humidity
21、 recording devices used in a testing laboratory are separate ones from those cited in 6.1.16.2 Psychrometer, Ventilated by Aspiration, or a similar measuring device, which is accurate to 61C 62F, for checking therecorded relative humidity, as directed in Test Method E337.6.3 Preconditioning Cabinet,
22、 Room, or Space, equipped for maintaining the standard atmosphere for preconditioning.6.4 Balance, having a sensitivity of one part in 1000 of the mass of the specimen.TABLE 1 Standard Atmospheres for Conditioning and Testing General TextilesMaterialPreconditioningATime (h),minminimumTemperature,C F
23、 Relative Humidity %Time (h),minminimum ASTM StandardConditioningTextiles, generalBTextiles, specificC20 2 68 4 65 5 D1776Textiles, generalB 21 2 70 4 65 5 D1776Textiles, specificCCotton fiber classification and testing 4 21 1 70 2 65 2 D1776, D5867Tire cords:Polyamide Not applicable 20 2 68 4 65 5
24、16 D885Polyester Not applicable 20 2 68 4 65 5 2 D885Rayon 20 2 68 4 65 5 8AramidD 20 2 68 4 65 5 D7269AramidDOption 1 3 20 2 68 4 65 5 14 D7269Option 2 3 24 2 75 4 55 5 14 D7744Option 2 3 24 2 75 4 55 5 14 D7269High Performance Polyethylene Not applicable 20 2 68 4 65 5 4 D7744Glass fiber products:
25、 D618Plastic applications 23 2 73 4 50 5 D1776Textile applications 21 1 70 2 65 5 D1776Nonwovens 23 2 73 4 50 5 D1776Plastics and electrical insulation 23 2 73 4 50 5 D618A Preconditioning is an option and may be employed when samples are being brought to equilibrium moisture content from an extreme
26、 high or low moisture content.B Previous publications of this standard cited tolerances for general textiles without consideration of the uncertainty of measurement of the temperature and humiditycontrollers or the measurement devices used in textile laboratories. Changes in ISO 139 broadened tolera
27、nces to account for the uncertainty of measurement of controllerand measurement devices have also been incorporated into the tolerances for the general textile category.C Specific textiles conditioning tolerances and their associated standards do not account for the uncertainty of measurement of con
28、trollers or devices.D Report the standard atmosphere used.D1776/D1776M 1626.5 Multiple Shelf Conditioning Rack,4,5 for spreading out samples and specimens. See Fig. 1.7. Preparation of Test Apparatus and Calibration7.1 Verify the uncertainty of measurement of the temperature and relative humidity de
29、vices being used to produce standardatmospheres and those recording temperature and relative humidity in laboratories as this factor should be included in thetolerances prescribed in Table 1. It is recommended that devices with the smallest uncertainty of measurement be used. SeeAppendix X1 and Bibl
30、iography.7.2 Set-up procedures for the preconditioning and conditioning room or chamber from different manufacturers may vary.Prepare and verify calibration of the temperature and relative humidity recording devices as directed in the manufacturersinstructions.7.3 Verify calibration of the temperatu
31、re and relative humidity recording devices in the testing room as directed in the equipmentmanufacturers instructions.7.3.1 The temperature and relative humidity indicated on the control point or on a recorder located away from the specimen maynot be representative of a localized condition at the sp
32、ecimen because of local effects or deficiency in circulation of air that maytake place in an enclosure or room. Tolerances at a controller usually must be smaller than those required at the specimen.7.4 Determine the temperature and relative humidity of the air in the preconditioning cabinet if prec
33、onditioning is required (see6.3), the conditioning room (see 6.1) and the testing room as directed in Test Method E337. If necessary, adjust the conditions tomeet the specified limits for the standard atmospheres for preconditioning, conditioning, and testing, as applicable.7.4.1 If the standard atm
34、osphere for testing is found to be out of tolerance, use the guidelines in Note 3 and Table 2 to establishthe equalization time after adjustments have been made and the required tolerances have been attained before any further testingis conducted.7.4.2 Make temperature and relative humidity measurem
35、ents in an atmosphere as close as possible to the specimen beingconditioned or tested; however, it should not differ significantly from the room monitoring systems. For large conditioning roomsor testing laboratories, multiple sensors may be needed.8. Procedure8.1 Sample or Specimen Configuration fo
36、r Preconditioning or Conditioning:8.1.1 All samples or specimens shall be exposed to the applicable standard atmospheres in such a manner that the air will havefree access to all surfaces of the textile.8.1.2 Fiber samples or specimens shall be in their loose or open state for conditioning.4 Drawing
37、s of the passive conditioning rack may be obtained from the American Association of Chemists and Colorists, P. O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC27709-2215.5 A suitable rapid conditioning system may be constructed in the laboratory. See “Earnest, D. W., Advancements in USDA Cotton Classing Fac
38、ilities, Proceedings 1996,Beltwide Cotton Conferences, pp. 16511654,” and “Knowiton, J. I., and Alldredge, R. K., A New Method for Accelerating Cotton Sample Conditioning in Cotton ClassingOffces, Proceedings 1994, Beltwide Cotton Conferences, pp. 582584.” Suitable self-contained rapid conditioning
39、units are available from at least two commercial sources.FIG. 1 Multiple Shelf Conditioning RackD1776/D1776M 1638.1.3 Yarns, threads and other light cordage shall be in skein form, unless otherwise specified in an applicable ASTM testmethod or specification.8.1.4 Fabric samples or specimens shall be
40、 spread in a single layer on the shelves of a conditioning rack.8.1.5 For test methods that require preconditioning or conditioning of samples before specimen preparation, a clothes line maybe used to hang multiple samples, except in cases where stretching the textile material may affect certain tes
41、ting parameters, inwhich case, samples should be placed on conditioning rack shelves.8.2 Preconditioning:8.2.1 For textile materials known to be sensitive to variations in temperature or humidity, preconditioning samples or specimensbefore exposing them to the selected standard atmosphere for condit
42、ioning and testing may be required.8.2.2 If preconditioning is required, place the samples or specimens in the preconditioning cabinet (see 6.3) and keep them inthe standard atmosphere for preconditioning for a specified period of time, or until they have attained moisture equilibrium forpreconditio
43、ning.8.2.3 If preconditioning is carried out in an oven, to ensure that the material does not become moisture-free, it may be advisableto perform successive weighing of specimens at intervals of not less than 2 h until the change in mass does not exceed 0.2 %.8.2.3.1 If exposure to oven heat in prec
44、onditioning could have a detrimental effect on a physical attribute to be measured, lowerthe moisture level to exposure using the low end of the humidity range and room temperature which is 20 to 30C 68 to 86F(see Note 3).8.2.4 Sufficient preconditioning usually can be achieved after 4 h at 45 6 5C
45、113 6 9F and 15 6 5 % relative humidity.Because the standard atmosphere for preconditioning textiles covers a wide range of relative humidity, a close approach toequilibrium is in general warranted only at the upper end of the relative humidity range.8.3 Conditioning:8.3.1 After preconditioning, if
46、required, transfer the samples or specimens to the conditioning room set at the standardatmosphere for testing textiles according to material type selected from Table 1 for a specified time or until they attain moistureequilibrium for testing.NOTE 2The rate for reaching moisture equilibrium may vary
47、 depending on the temperature, relative humidity, fiber content, treatments, or conditionof the material prior to preconditioning.8.3.2 Moisture equilibrium is considered to be reached when the change in mass of a specimen in successive weighing does notexceed 0.2 % of the mass of the specimen made
48、in intervals of not less than 2 h for specimens in a conditioning space, room orchamber. When accelerated conditioning is employed, the user may find that equilibrium is reached in substantially shorterintervals, such as 2-10 min. In these cases, successive weighing of the specimen at intervals of 2
49、 min may be done to determinethat the change in mass does not exceed 0.2 %.NOTE 3It is recognized that in practice textile materials frequently are not weighed to determine when moisture equilibrium has been reached. Whilesuch practice cannot be accepted in cases of dispute, it may be sufficient in routine testing to expose the material to the standard atmosphere for testingfor a reasonable period of time before specimens are tested.8.
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