ASTM D1814-1970(2015) Standard Test Method for Measuring Thickness of Leather Units《测量皮革单元厚度的标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: D1814 70 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Test Method forMeasuring Thickness of Leather Units1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1814; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio

2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of t

3、he thick-ness of units of all types of leather. It is not suitable formeasuring the thickness of test specimens.1.2 The thickness of leather units may be reported inmillimetres, ounces, or irons. Ounces are generally used whenreferring to the thickness of shoe upper leather. Irons aregenerally used

4、when referring to the thickness of sole leather.(One ounce equals164 in. or 0.0156 in. or 0.396 mm. One ironequals148 in. or 0.0208 in. or 0.53 mm.)1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that ar

5、e provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applic

6、a-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1813 Test Method for Measuring Thickness of LeatherTest Specimens3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 unita piece of leather in the form in which it ispurchased, such as a single hide, skin, or part thereof; o

7、r asingle fabricated-leather article in the form in which it ispurchased, such as a counter, a pair of shoes, a gasket, etc.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is designed for the routine measure-ment of the thickness of leather units as a means of productioncontrol and determining conforman

8、ce to specifications. Itutilizes a secondary type of gage that is capable of rapidmeasurement.5. Specimen5.1 The specimen for measurement shall be the full unit.6. Apparatus6.1 Gage, Spring-Type, graduated in 0.1 mm or 0.5 oz,having a flat presser foot 0.4 6 0.025 in. (10.2 6 0.6 mm) indiameter and

9、a flat anvil 0.4 6 0.025 in. (10.2 6 0.6 mm) indiameter. The spring shall exert a force of 1 lbf (4.45 N) on thefoot when the gage reads 2 oz, and 2 lbf (8.9 N) when the gagereads 12 oz.6.2 Gage, Standard Wedge-Type, having the two legs gradu-ated alternatively from 1 to 14 and from 112 to 1312 iron

10、,enclosing an angle of about 4 and 0.425 6 0.005 mm thick,preferably made from stainless steel.7. Procedure7.1 Leather Other than Sole LeatherPlace the portion ofthe specimen to be measured between the anvil and presser footof the spring-type gage (6.1) in such a manner that thespecimen is in contac

11、t with the whole area of the anvil. Withthe specimen held in this position, compress the thumb lever ofthe gage so that the gage reads approximately 15 oz. Allow thethumb to slide off the lever so that the gage presser foot snapsonto the leather. Read the thickness to the nearest 0.1 mm orestimate i

12、t to the nearest14 oz. Measure the thickness at notless than five approximately equally spaced places along andapproximately 6 in. (150 mm) from the backbone. Space themeasurements from an initial point of measurement approxi-mately 5 in. (130 mm) in from the root of the tail and the finalplace of m

13、easurement, which shall extend no farther than 130mm into the neck area.NOTE 1If the dimensions of the specimens are such that the gage willnot reach from the edge to the point at which the thickness is desired, thespecimen may be folded upon itself with the flesh inside. Measure the1This test metho

14、d is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leatherand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.07 on Physical Properties. Thistest method was developed in cooperation with the American Leather ChemistsAssn. (Standard Method E31963).Current edition approved May 1, 2015. Published Ju

15、ly 2015. Originally approvedin 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D181470(2010). DOI:10.1520/D1814-70R15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer t

16、o the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1thickness of the folded specimen, and take one half of this value as thethickness.7.2 Sole LeathersInsert the cut edge of the spe

17、cimenbetween the legs of a standard wedge-type gage (6.2) so thatthe plane of the leather is perpendicular to the plane of the gageand bisects the angle formed by the legs. Push the gage overthe edge of the leather to make firm contact with the leather sothat the gage will stay in position when inve

18、rted but not causeany visible deformation of the specimen. Read the thickness tothe nearest 0.5 iron at the point where the specimen contactsthe legs of the gage. Measure the thickness as follows:7.2.1 BelliesGage the specimen at two locations approxi-mately 6 in. (150 mm) to either side of the poin

19、t opposite thepizzle, or the center of the main width of the belly.7.2.2 Shoulders, DoubleGage the specimen at two placeson the cut edge opposite the neck and 6 in. (150 mm) on eachside of the backbone.7.2.3 Shoulders, SingleGage the specimen at one place onthe cut edge opposite the neck and 6 in. (

20、150 mm) removedfrom the backbone line.7.2.4 Bend ButtsGage the specimen at two places on thecut edge at the shoulder end and 6 in. (150 mm) on each sideof the backbone.7.2.5 BendsGage the specimen at three places along thebackbone starting 12 in. (300 mm) from the root of the tail andat 6-in. (150-m

21、m) intervals from that point toward the shoulderend.7.2.6 Backs, Sides, and CropsGage the specimen in atleast five places along the backbone, starting 12 in. (300 mm)from the root of the tail and at 6-in. (150-mm) intervals fromthat point.7.2.7 Cut SolesGage the specimens on the fore end (toe),on bo

22、th sides of the largest width and optionally at the end ofthe heel (unless the specimens are half soles).8. Report8.1 Report the following information:8.1.1 Thickness of each unit, reported as the average valueof the measurements taken,8.1.2 Thickness of the sample, reported as the averagethickness

23、of all the units measured, and8.1.3 Range of the thicknesses measured.9. Precision9.1 If the spring-type gage has been adjusted to read thecorrect value and is of suitable construction, then the resultswill have only small errors (60.05 mm) when used to measureleather up to 5-mm thickness.NOTE 2Test

24、 the gage periodically by measuring with it the thicknessof a rigid material that has also been measured with a standard micrometeror with the instrument described in Test Method D1813. If the spring gagegives a reading that is higher or lower than that of the micrometer-typeinstruments, adjust it t

25、o give the same reading. Readjustment may benecessary if leather to be measured is much thicker than 5 mm.9.2 The wedge-type gage gives readings reproducible to 0.5iron when proper precautions are taken during positioning foruniform pressure and avoidance of edge effect.10. Keywords10.1 leather; thi

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