ASTM D2096-2011 Standard Test Method for Colorfastness and Transfer of Color in the Washing of Leather《皮革洗涤时的色牢度和颜色转移性的标准测试方法》.pdf

1、Designation: D2096 11Standard Test Method forColorfastness and Transfer of Color in the Washing ofLeather1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2096; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r

2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination o

3、f the color-fastness of colored leathers, with or without a surface coating.The leathers to be tested are of the type normally expected towithstand frequent laundering. This test method also covers thesimultaneous staining of adjacent textile materials when theleather specimens are washed. This test

4、 method does not applyto wet blue. Two procedures are covered depending on theapparatus used:1.1.1 Procedure A, using the Launder-Ometer,2and1.1.2 Procedure B, using an alternative washing machine.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values stated in paren

5、theses are providedfor information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory

6、limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D 499 Standard Specification for White Floating ToiletSoap42.2 ISO Standard:5ISO R105/I, Part 2 Gray Scale for Evaluating Change inColorISO R105/I, Part 3 Gray Scale for Evaluating Staining2.3 ASTM Adjunct:6Leather washing apparatus

7、 (1 drawing)3. Summary of Test Method3.1 Three leather specimens 50 by 80 mm (approximately 2by 3 in.), and one piece of multifiber test fabric of nearly equalsize are washed together in soapy water at 120F (49C). After12 h of washing, the leather specimens and cloth are removedand rinsed carefully

8、in running water at about 95F (35C).One leather specimen and the test cloth are removed andair-dried. A new piece of test cloth is added to the remainingtwo leather specimens and these are washed, as above, for12 h.The rinsing is repeated; again one leather specimen and the testcloth are removed for

9、 drying. The remaining leather specimen,with a new piece of test cloth, is washed again for12 h. Thisfinal leather specimen and test cloth are then rinsed and driedas above. When dry, the color of the washed leather specimensis rated by comparing it with an unwashed piece of leather.Transfer of colo

10、r to the test fabric is rated by comparison withan unwashed piece of test fabric. These comparisons are madewith the aid of the proper Gray Scale. All ratings are made ondry test specimens.4. Significance and Use4.1 The procedure is intended, primarily to evaluate theability of a leather specimen to

11、 withstand fixed, and ratherstrenuous, laundering conditions. This test is not intended as a1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leatherand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.04 onApparel This test methodwas developed in cooperation with the American Lea

12、ther Chemists Assn.Current edition approved April 1, 2011. Published April 2011. Originallyapproved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D2096 00 (2010).DOI: 10.1520/D2096-11.2The Launder-Ometer and its development are described in the AmericanDyestuff Reporter, Oct. 29, 1928, p. 679.

13、It is described also in the current TechnicalManual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists. Such anapparatus is illustrated in Figs. 3, 4, and 5.The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis SDL Atlas, 3934 Airway Drive, Rock Hill SC 29732. I

14、f you are aware ofalternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM InternationalHeadquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org,

15、orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.5Available from American National St

16、andards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.6Detailed drawings for such an apparatus are available fromASTM InternationalHeadquarters. Order Adjunct ADJD2096. Original adjunct produced in 1962.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box

17、 C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.recommended washing procedure, neither household nor com-mercial. Although this test concerns itself with colorfastnessand transfer of color during washing, the washed leatherspecimens are available also for comparing other properties(that is, t

18、ensile strength, area change, change in outline, etc.)with those of unwashed samples.5. Apparatus5.1 Washing MachineA Launder-Ometer, or an assemblyof apparatus capable of similar test conditions (Note 1). Ineither machine, 1-pt (500-mL) specimen containers are heldwith their bases toward a horizont

19、al shaft and 2-in. (50 mm)out from its center of rotation. Speed of rotation shall be 40 to45 rpm. Provision shall be made for maintaining the initialtemperature of the specimen containers throughout the test.Additional agitation shall be provided by14-in. (6.4 mm)stainless steel balls in the specim

20、en containers.NOTE 1A motor-driven assembly, designed to hold 1-pt (500-mL)specimen containers so that they are relative to the axis of the motor shaftin the same way as in the Launder-Ometer, can be used.6The entireassembly, fitted with specimen containers, shall be turned at 40 to 45 rpminside a s

21、imple boxlike container which is heated at 120F (49C) withthermostatic control. Thus, heat loss from the preheated contents of thespecimen containers is held at a minimum during the 30-min washingperiods. Such an apparatus is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.5.2 Specimen Containers, glass or stainless s

22、teel, 1-pt (500-mL), washer, and cap.5.3 Balls, type 316 stainless steel,14-in. (6.4-mm) diameter,20 per specimen container.5.4 Test Cloth,7multifiber, 50 by 80 mm, three pieces pertest.NOTE 2Multifiber test fabrics are available in 6-fiber cloth, containingfilling strips of wool, Orlon,8Dacron,8nyl

23、on-66, bleached cotton, andacetate, assembled in 2-in. (50-mm) repeats. Tests may be run with anytest fabric of special interest and reported accordingly.5.5 Gray Scales,9consisting of the following:5.5.1 ISO R105/I, Part 2, British, for assessing the effect infastness testing, and5.5.2 ISO R105/I,

24、Part 3, British, for determining the degreeof staining in fastness testing.6. Reagent6.1 Mild Soap Solution, 0.5 %, such as made from a white,floating, toilet soap (Specification D 499). The solution shall bemade with distilled water; 300 mL are required for a completethree-wash test for each specim

25、en container.7The sole source of supply of the test cloth known to the committee at this timeis Testfabrics, Inc., 200 Blackford Ave., P.O. Box 420, Middlesex, NJ 08846-0420;telephone: (201) 469-6446; fax: (201) 469-1147. If you are aware of alternativesuppliers, please provide this information to A

26、STM Headquarters. Your commentswill receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technicalcommittee, which you may attend.8Trademark of E. I. du Pont de Nemours gray scale; staining; washing leatherASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights ass

27、erted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time b

28、y the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will rece

29、ive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM Inte

30、rnational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D2096 115