1、Designation: D2122 98 (Reapproved 2010)D2122 15 An American National StandardStandard Test Method forDetermining Dimensions of Thermoplastic Pipe andFittings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2122; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adop
2、tion or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defens
3、e.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of diameter, wall thickness, and length dimensions of thermoplastic pipe.Included are procedures for measurement of the inside diameter of pipe intended to be joined by internal fittings, measurement ofthe average outside diameter for ro
4、undable pipe where out-of-roundness is not of primary concern, out-of-roundness measurementand measurement of the average outside diameter of non-roundable pipe, and for determining length and straightness.1.2 This test method also includes procedures for dimensioning molded thermoplastic pipe fitti
5、ngs.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if an
6、y, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD6
7、38 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsF412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF1498 Specification for Taper Pipe Threads 60 for Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings2.
8、2 ANSI Standard:3B 2.1 Pipe Threads (Except Dryseal)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 GeneralDefinitions are in accordance with Terminology F412, unless otherwise specified.3.1.2 deviation from straightnessthe maximum deviation from a straight line exhibited by a pipe specimen divided by thelength
9、 of the specimen.3.1.3 nonroundable pipepipe made from a material having a tensile or flexural modulus of elasticity of 150 000 psi(103 MPa) or greater, as determined by Test Method D638 or D790, and in addition, having an outside diameter/wall thicknessratio of less than 20.3.1.3.1 Discussion1 This
10、 test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.40 on Test Methods.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2010March 15, 2015. Published March 2010March 2015. Originally approved in 1962. Last previous edition appro
11、ved in 20042010 asD2122 98(2004).(2010). DOI: 10.1520/D2122-98R10. 10.1520/D2122-152 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary pag
12、e on the ASTM website.3 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to th
13、e previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary
14、of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1The above definitions apply to thermoplastic pipe and are based on the ability or inability of a pipe to round out when forced intoa
15、 tapered socket.3.1.4 roundable pipe(1) pipe made from material having a tensile or flexural modulus of elasticity less than 150 000 psi(103 MPa) as determined by Test Method D638 or D790; and (2) pipe made from a material having a tensile or flexural modulusof elasticity of 150 000 psi (103 MPa) or
16、 greater, as determined by Test Method D638 or D790, and in addition, having an outsidediameter/wall thickness ratio of 20 or greater.3.1.5 socket bottomthe point at which the pipe stop radius intersects wall.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Alternate MethodsAlternate methods and procedures for obtainin
17、g dimensions (such as apparatus and procedures usinglaser, electronic, nuclear, ultrasonic, or other means) are not prohibited.4.1.1 The user of an alternate method shall validate the alternate method. The alternate method is validated when both theproduct is measured according to the Apparatus and
18、Procedure sections presented in this test method, and when found to be incompliance with product specifications.NOTE 1Validation of the alternate method is a necessary step in ensuring compliance with product specifications. Validation generally involvesstatistical analysis of data generated using t
19、he alternate method. At a minimum, the analysis should include calculating 99 % confidence limits andverifying that these limits are within the product specification tolerances. For guidance on this type of analysis, the user should consult the Manual onPresentation of Data and Control Chart Analysi
20、s.44.1.2 Compliance with product specifications shall be based on the measuring apparatus and procedures in this test method.While alternate methods are not prohibited, the measuring apparatus and procedure in this test method shall be the referee method.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method p
21、rovides for determining the physical dimensions of thermoplastic pipe and fittings. This test method issuitable for determination of dimensional compliance with product specifications.6. General6.1 Specimen PreparationPipe specimens shall be cleanly cut and burrs removed. Some materials, such as pol
22、yolefin plastics,may undergo dimensional change near cut ends due to internal stresses. When this condition is noted, care shall be taken to makemeasurements at a location which is not so affected.6.2 ConditioningCondition the test specimens at 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity fo
23、r not less than40 h prior to test in accordance with Procedure A of Practice D618, for those tests where conditioning is required.6.3 Test ConditionsConduct tests in the Standard Laboratory Atmosphere of 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) and 50 6 5 % relativehumidity, unless otherwise specified in the test meth
24、ods or in this test method.7. Wall ThicknessPipe and Fittings7.1 ApparatusA cylindrical or ball anvil tubing micrometer accurate to within 60.001 in. (60.02 mm) shall be used for wallthickness measurements.NOTE 2Care should be taken to avoid excessive closure pressure when using ball anvil micromete
25、rs, which may compress the specimen and givefalsely low readings. Care should be taken to avoid misalignment of the anvil with the longitudinal axis of the specimen when using cylindrical anvilmicrometers, which may bridge specimen surface curvature or indentations and give falsely high readings.7.2
26、 ProcedureMake a series of measurements at closely spaced intervals to ensure that the minimum and maximum wallthicknesses have been determined. Make a minimum of eight measurements.7.3 Calculation:7.3.1 Calculate the average wall thickness by taking the average of all values measured.7.3.2 Calculat
27、e the wall thickness range, E, as a percent, as follows:E5A 2 BA 100 (1)where:A = maximum wall thickness at any cross section, andB = minimum wall thickness at any cross section.7.4 ReportReport the following information:7.4.1 Observed minimum and maximum wall thicknesses,4 Committee E11 on Quality
28、and Statistics, MNL7A Manual on Presentation of Data and Control Chart Analysis, Chapter 2, ASTM International, West Conshohocken,PA, 1990 , p. 38.D2122 1527.4.2 Calculated average wall thickness, and7.4.3 Calculated wall thickness range in percent.8. Inside Diameter Measurement of Roundable Pipe8.1
29、 ApparatusDepending on the requirements, the following apparatus shall be used:8.1.1 Tapered Plug Gage,Gauge, for checking conformance to an average inside diameter tolerance, having uniform taper of1:100 and accurate to within 61 % of its taper and to within 60.001 in. (60.02 mm) of its diameter. F
30、or each given pipe size andtolerance specification, a mandrel shall be scribed at the diameters representing the minimum and maximum allowable inside pipediameters. To aid rounding, a 45 by 18-in. (3-mm) face bevel shall be provided on the entrance end of the gage.gauge.NOTE 3Where internal stresses
31、 cause change in dimension at the cut end of pipe, tapered plug or sleeve gagegauge measurements may givemisleading results.8.1.2 Metal Rule (if it is desired to determine the actual average inside diameter) with at least 0.01-in. (0.2-mm) graduations.8.2 Procedure:8.2.1 Cut the end of the pipe squa
32、re and remove burrs. Insert the plug gagegauge into the pipe, causing it to round out but notto expand. Observe whether the end of the pipe falls between the scribed diameters.8.2.2 In cases of disagreement between the purchaser and the seller, the proper insertion distance as indicated in 8.1.1 sha
33、ll bedefined as that point where an internal light source is just occluded.8.2.3 If the actual average inside diameter is required, measure the distance from the maximum scribed diameter to the end ofthe pipe.8.3 CalculationsCalculate the average inside diameter as follows:d 5 dm 2 kl (2)where:d = a
34、verage inside diameter, in. (or mm),dm = maximum scribed diameter, in. (or mm),k = taper of plug gage, in. (or mm) of diameter per in. (or mm) of length, andk = taper of plug gauge, in. (or mm) of diameter per in. (or mm) of length, andl = distance from maximum scribed diameter to end of pipe, in. (
35、or mm).8.4 ReportReport the following information:8.4.1 When determining conformance to tolerances, report whether the average inside diameter is less than the minimum,greater than the maximum, or within the allowable limits as indicated by the position of the scribed diameters with respect to theen
36、d of the pipe.8.4.2 If the actual average inside diameter is required, the result of the calculation in 8.3, as well as the values used in thecalculation, shall be reported. The average inside diameter may also be calculated as described in 10.5.9. Outside Diameter and Out-of-Roundness Measurement o
37、f Roundable Pipe9.1 ApparatusDepending on the requirements, the following apparatus shall be used:9.1.1 Flat-Anvil Micrometer or Vernier Calipers, accurate to 60.001 in. (60.02 mm).9.1.2 Tapered Sleeve Gage,Gauge, for checking conformance to an average outside diameter tolerance of roundable pipe,ac
38、curate within 61 % of its taper and 60.001 in. (60.02 mm) of its diameter. For a given pipe size and tolerance specification,the entrance diameter shall be the maximum allowable average outside pipe diameter, while the inside diameter at the opposite endshall correspond to the minimum allowable aver
39、age outside pipe diameter. To aid rounding, a 45 by 18-in. (3-mm) face bevel shallbe provided on the entrance end of the gage.gauge.9.1.3 Alternatively, a sleeve window gage,gauge, made to the tolerances given in 9.1.2 may be used. The window shall extendbeyond the two scribed marks, which shall rep
40、resent the minimum and maximum permitted diameters. See Note 3the Discussionunder 3.1.5NOTE 4This gagegauge may also be marked to enable actual average outside diameters to be read directly.9.1.4 Circumferential Wrap Tape, if the actual value of the average outside diameter is desired, calibrated in
41、 terms of pipediameter with 0.01-in. (0.2-mm) graduations, or a vernier wrap tape, with 0.001-in. (0.02-mm) graduations when greater precisionis required.9.1.5 Out-of-Roundness GageGaugeA rigid plate, about 14 in. (6 mm) thick, bored with a circular hole to the maximumpermitted diameter allowed for
42、out-of-roundness, accurate to 60.001 in. (60.02 mm), may be used to determine conformance tothe out-of-round requirement.9.2 Procedure:9.2.1 Flat-Anvil Micrometer or Vernier CaliperTake a series of diameter measurements at closely spaced intervals to ensurethat the minimum and maximum diameters have
43、 been determined. Make a minimum of six measurements.D2122 1539.2.2 Sleeve GagesGaugesCut the end of the pipe square and remove burrs. Insert the pipe into the sleeve gagegauge andobserve the position of the end with respect to the ends of the tapered sleeve gagegauge or the position of the end with
44、 respectto the minimum and maximum scribed marks of the sleeve window gage.gauge.9.2.3 Circumferential Wrap TapeTo determine the actual value of the average outside diameter, place the circumferential wraptape around the pipe, making sure that it is at right angles to the pipe axis and is flat again
45、st the pipe surface. Observe the diameterreading, estimating to the nearest 0.005 in. (0.1 mm), or 0.001 in. (0.02 mm) as required.9.2.4 Out-of-Roundness GageGaugeTo determine conformance to pipe out-of-roundness with the gage,gauge, the pipe shallbe inserted through the gagegauge without forcing ro
46、unding of the pipe.9.3 ReportReport the following information:9.3.1 When determining conformance to tolerances with the tapered sleeve gage,gauge, report whether the average outsidediameter is less than the minimum, greater than the maximum, or within the allowable limits as indicated by the positio
47、n of thepipe end with respect to the ends of the tapered sleeve gage.gauge.9.3.2 When determining conformance to tolerances with the sleeve window gage,gauge, report whether the average outsidediameter is less than the minimum, greater than the maximum, or within the allowable limits with respect to
48、 the minimum andmaximum scribed marks.9.3.3 If required, report the average outside diameter as observed in 9.2.3 with the circumferential wrap tape.9.3.4 When determining conformance to outside diameter tolerances with a flat anvil micrometer or caliper, report the minimumdiameter, the maximum diam
49、eter, and, if required, the average diameter calculated by taking the average of all diameters measured.NOTE 5The actual average outside diameter determined using a circumferential wrap tape is preferred to averaging micrometer diametermeasurements.9.3.5 When determining conformance to out-of-roundness tolerances with a flat anvil micrometer or caliper, report whether themeasurements were made with or without a rounding device, and the difference between the minimum and maximum diametersas the out-of-roundness.9.3.6 If required, report
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