1、Designation: D 2200 08Swedish Standards AssociationStandard SIS 05 59 00ISO 8501SSPC: The Society for Protective CoatingsSSPC VIS 1, VIS 3, VIS 4/NACE VIS 7, VIS 5/NACE VIS 9Danish Standards AssociationDanish Standard DS 2019European Committee of Paint and PrintingInk Manufacturers AssociationStanda
2、rd Practice forUse of Pictorial Surface Preparation Standards and Guidesfor Painting Steel Surfaces1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2200; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
3、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 The visual surface preparation standards consist
4、 of aseries of color prints available as separate publications. Fivedifferent sets of photographs are described in this standard,designated as MethodA(ISO/Swedish Standard2) and MethodsB through E (SSPC Guides and Reference Photographs3). Themethods differ in the depiction of the initial surface, in
5、 thedefinition and depiction of the cleaning conditions, and in thenumber of cleaning methods included. Because of thesedifferences, the specifier should state which method to use.1.2 The colored visual surface preparation standards repre-sent different conditions of hot rolled carbon steel before a
6、ndafter surface preparation. Prior to cleaning, there are four rustgrades, A to D, that cover the range from intact mill scale to100 % rusted and pitted steel. The standards then depict theappearance of the initial conditions after cleaning by one ormore methods (for example, dry abrasive blast clea
7、ning) tovarious degrees of thoroughness. In addition, Method Bincludes three painted conditions that contain various degreesof deterioration. The Guide3depicts these conditions aftervarious degrees of dry abrasive blast cleaning. Method Cincludes four rust grades and three painted conditions thatcon
8、tain various degrees of deterioration. The Guide4depictsthese conditions after various degrees of hand and power toolcleaning. Method D includes two rust grades and four paintedconditions that contain various degrees of deterioration. TheGuide5depicts these conditions after various degrees of waterj
9、etting, with three levels of flash rusting. Method E includestwo rust grades. The Guide6depicts these conditions aftervarious degrees of wet abrasive blast cleaning, with threelevels of flash rusting.2. Referenced Documents2.1 Other Documents:Pictorial Surface Preparation Standards and Guides2,3,4,5
10、,6Surface Cleanliness Definitions3,43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 The cleanliness definitions for the Method A visualsurface preparation standard appear in the text of the pictorialsurface preparation standards publication.2The definitions forMethods B, C, D, and E are found in a separate publ
11、ica-tion.3,4,5,64. Significance and Use4.1 The appearance of the various degrees of dry and wetabrasive blast cleaning, hand and power tool cleaning andwater jetting are influenced by the initial rust grades of the steelbeing cleaned and/or the type and condition of the coating onthe existing steel.
12、 The standards and guides aid visually injudging and evaluating the degree of rusting and/or paint1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint andRelated Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.46 on Industrial Protective C
13、oatings.The pictorial standards described were prepared by the Swedish CorrosionInstitute and have been jointly approved by ASTM, The Society For ProtectiveCoatings (SSPC) (VIS 1), and the Swedish Standardizing Commission.Current edition approved June 1, 2008. Published June 2008. Originallyapproved
14、 in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 2200 95 (2001)2.2The pictorial surface preparation standard Method A is available from TheSociety for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 40 24th St., 6th Floor, Pittsburgh, PA15222-4656, http:/www.sspc.org and Sveriges Standardiseringskommission, Box329
15、5, Stockholm 3, Sweden.3The Visual Guide for Method B and surface cleanliness definitions are availablefrom The Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 40 24th St., 6th Floor, Pittsburgh,PA 15222-4656, http:/www.sspc.org.4The Visual Guide for Method C and the surface cleanliness definitions areavail
16、able from The Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 40 24th St., 6th Floor,Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4656, http:/www.sspc.org.5The Visual Guide for Method D and the surface cleanliness definitions areavailable from The Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 40 24th St., 6th Floor,Pittsburgh, PA 15222-
17、4656, http:/www.sspc.org.6The Visual Guide for Method E and the surface cleanliness definitions areavailable from The Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 40 24th St., 6th Floor,Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4656, http:/www.sspc.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West C
18、onshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.deterioration before cleaning and the degree of cleaning ofsteel surfaces prior to painting.4.2 Five methods have evolved because of differences in thepractice of using visual standards and guides throughout theworld, and the method of surface preparation em
19、ployed. InEurope, the visual standards (Method A) are used as theprimary means of assessing the degree of cleaning. In the US,the SSPC written definitions take precedence with the visualguides and reference photographs used as a supplement. Thevisual guides and reference photographs of Methods B, C,
20、 andD conform to the SSPC written definitions. There are nowritten definitions for Method E.5. Procedure and InterpretationMethod A ISO/Swedish Standard(Hand Tool Cleaning, Power Tool Cleaning, AbrasiveBlast Cleaning, Flame Cleaning)5.1 Determine the method of cleaning to be used (forexample, hand o
21、r power tool cleaning, abrasive blast cleaning,or flame cleaning).5.2 Determine the initial condition of the steel according tofour initial grades (conditions).5.2.1 Condition A: Tightly adhering mill scale.5.2.2 Condition B: Mill scale and rust.5.2.3 Condition C: Rusted.5.2.4 Condition D: Rusted an
22、d pitted.5.3 Following the cleaning operation, compare the preparedsurface to the photograph corresponding to the specified degreeof thoroughness (St2, St3, F1, Sa1, Sa2, Sa212 , Sa3) for theparticular initial condition. Determine whether the preparedsurface meets the cleanliness requirements of the
23、 contractdocuments (specification).5.4 Repeat the procedure for representative areas of struc-ture and record the initial condition, method of cleaning, anddegree of thoroughness achieved.Method B, SSPC VIS 1 Guide and ReferencePhotographs for Steel Surfaces Prepared by AbrasiveBlast Cleaning (Dry)5
24、.5 Determine the degree of blast cleaning specified by thecontract documents.5.6 Determine the initial condition of steel according to theseven initial condition photographs A-G3.5.6.1 Condition A: Tightly adhering mill scale.5.6.2 Condition B: Mill scale and rust.5.6.3 Condition C: Rusted.5.6.4 Con
25、dition D: Rusted and pitted.5.6.5 Condition G1: Deteriorated coating with extensivepinpoint rusting.5.6.6 Condition G2: Deteriorated coating with moderatepitting.5.6.7 Condition G3: Deteriorated coating with severe pit-ting.5.7 Following the abrasive blast cleaning operation, com-pare the prepared s
26、urface to the photograph corresponding tothe degree of surface cleanliness required by the contractdocuments (SSPC-SP7, SP14, SP6, SP10, SP5) for the particu-lar initial condition. Determine whether the prepared surfacemeets the cleanliness requirements.5.8 Repeat the procedure for all representativ
27、e areas ofstructure and record for each area the initial condition anddegree of cleanliness achieved.5.9 When abrasives other than silica sand are used for blastcleaning, consult the photographs in the Appendix A of theSSPC VIS 1 Guide for variations in appearance created by theabrasive type.5.10 Co
28、nsult Appendix B of the SSPC VIS 1 Guide forphotographs illustrating the effect of variations in surfaceprofile depth, observation angle and lighting on the appearanceof prepared surfaces.NOTE 1Different steel surfaces show differences in shade, color, tone,pitting, flaking, mill scale, etc. To some
29、 extent, these differences betweenthe actual steel surface and the visual standard can be reconciled bypreparing a project-specific cleanliness standard.Method C, SSPC VIS 3 Guide and ReferencePhotographs for Steel Surfaces Prepared by Power andHand Tool Cleaning5.11 Determine the degree of hand or
30、power tool cleaningspecified by the contract documents.5.12 Determine the initial condition of previously uncoatedor coated steel with photographs A-D or E-G, respectively.5.12.1 Condition A: Tightly adhering mill scale.5.12.2 Condition B: Mill scale and rust.5.12.3 Condition C: Rusted.5.12.4 Condit
31、ion D: Rusted and pitted.5.12.5 Condition E: Light colored paint applied to abrasiveblast cleaned steel, mostly intact.5.12.6 Condition F: Zinc-rich paint applied to abrasive blastcleaned steel.5.12.7 Condition G: Paint system applied to mill scale,thoroughly weathered, blistered or stained.5.13 Fol
32、lowing the hand or power tool cleaning operation,compare the prepared surface to the photograph correspondingto the degree of cleanliness required by the contract documents(SSPC-SP2, SP3, SP11, SP15) for the particular initial condi-tion. Determine whether the prepared surface meets the clean-liness
33、 requirements.5.14 Repeat the procedure for all representative areas of thestructure and record for each area the initial condition, themethod of cleaning and the degree of cleanliness achieved.NOTE 2Different steel surfaces show differences in shade, color, tone,pitting, flaking, mill scale, etc. T
34、o some extent, these differences betweenthe actual steel surface and the visual standard can be reconciled bypreparing a project-specific cleanliness standard.NOTE 3The type of power tool employed to perform the cleaning cancreate varying appearances of the prepared surfaces. Visual representa-tions
35、 of surfaces prepared using power wire brushes (PWB) and sandingdiscs (SD) are depicted in Method C.NOTE 4Visual representations of surface profile that has been restoredor re-exposed after power tool cleaning to expose bare metal (SP11/R) aredepicted for two initial conditions (E and F) in Method C
36、.D2200082Method D, SSPC VIS 4/NACE VIS 7 Guide andReference Photographs for Steel Surfaces Prepared byWaterjetting5.15 Determine the degree of water jetting specified by thecontract documents.5.16 Determine the initial condition of previously uncoatedor coated steel with photographs C-D or E-H, resp
37、ectively.5.16.1 Condition C: Rusted.5.16.2 Condition D: Rusted and pitted.5.16.3 Condition E: Light colored paint applied to abrasiveblast cleaned steel, mostly intact.5.16.4 Condition F: Zinc-rich paint applied to abrasive blastcleaned steel.5.16.5 Condition G: Paint system applied to mill scale,th
38、oroughly weathered, blistered or stained.5.16.6 Condition H: Degraded paint system applied to steelthoroughly weathered, blistered, or stained.5.17 Following the water jetting operation, compare theprepared surface to the photograph corresponding to the degreeof cleanliness required by the contract
39、documents (WJ-1,WJ-2, WJ-3, WJ-4) for the particular initial condition. Deter-mine whether the prepared surface meets the cleanlinessrequirements immediately after cleaning.5.18 If flash rusting (rust back) is permitted by the contractdocuments, assess the level of flash rusting (light, medium,heavy
40、) and determine whether the surface meets the require-ments of the contract documents immediately prior to coating.5.19 Repeat the procedure for all representative areas of thestructure and record for each area the initial condition, themethod of cleaning, the degree of cleanliness achieved and thel
41、evel of flash rusting (if permitted).NOTE 5Different steel surfaces show differences in shade, color, tone,pitting, flaking, mill scale, etc. To some extent, these differences betweenthe actual steel surface and the visual standard can be reconciled bypreparing a project-specific cleanliness standar
42、d.Method E, SSPC VIS 5/NACE VIS 9 Guide andReference Photographs for Steel Surfaces Prepared byWet Abrasive Blast Cleaning5.20 Determine the degree of wet abrasive blast cleaningspecified by the contract documents.5.21 Determine the initial condition of previously uncoatedsteel with photographs C or
43、 D.5.21.1 Condition C: Rusted.5.21.2 Condition D: Rusted and pitted.5.22 Following the wet abrasive blast cleaning operation,compare the prepared surface to the photograph correspondingto the degree of cleanliness required by the contract documents(WAB-6, WAB-10) for the particular initial condition
44、. Deter-mine whether the prepared surface meets the cleanlinessrequirements immediately after cleaning.5.23 If flash rusting (rust back) is permitted by the contractdocuments, assess the level of flash rusting (light, medium,heavy) and determine whether the surface meets the require-ments of the con
45、tract documents immediately prior to coating.5.24 Repeat the procedure for all representative areas of thestructure and record for each area the initial condition, themethod of cleaning, the degree of cleanliness achieved and thelevel of flash rusting (if permitted).NOTE 6Different steel surfaces sh
46、ow differences in shade, color, tone,pitting, flaking, mill scale, etc. To some extent, these differences betweenthe actual steel surface and the visual standard can be reconciled bypreparing a project-specific cleanliness standard.6. Keywords6.1 abrasive blast cleaning; blast cleaning; flame cleani
47、ng;flash rusting; hand tool cleaning; photographic standards forsurface preparation; power tool cleaning; surface preparation;surface preparation standards; visual standards; water jetting;wet abrasive blast cleaningASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights as
48、serted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time
49、by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This sta
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