1、Designation: D2200 17 Swedish Standards AssociationStandard SIS 05 59 00ISO 8501SSPC: The Society for Protective CoatingsSSPC VIS 1, VIS 3, VIS 4/NACE VIS 7, VIS 5/NACE VIS 9Danish Standards AssociationDanish Standard DS 2019European Committee of Paint and PrintingInk Manufacturers AssociationStanda
2、rd Practice forUse of Pictorial Surface Preparation Standards and Guidesfor Painting Steel Surfaces1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2200; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio
3、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 The visual surface preparation guides and st
4、andardsconsist of a series of color prints available as separatepublications. Five different sets of photographs are described inthis standard, designated as Method A (ISO/Swedish Stan-dard2) and Methods B through E (SSPC Guides and ReferencePhotographs3). The methods differ in the depiction of the
5、initialsurface, in the definition and depiction of the cleaningconditions, and in the number of cleaning methods included.Because of these differences, the specifier should state whichguide to use.1.2 The colored visual surface preparation guides representdifferent conditions of hot rolled carbon st
6、eel before and aftersurface preparation. Prior to cleaning, there are four rustgrades, A to D, that cover the range from intact mill scale to100 % rusted and pitted steel. The standards then depict theappearance of the initial conditions after cleaning by one ormore methods (for example, dry abrasiv
7、e blast cleaning) tovarious degrees of thoroughness. In addition, Method Bincludes three painted conditions that contain various degreesof deterioration. The Guide3depicts these conditions aftervarious degrees of dry abrasive blast cleaning. Method Cincludes four rust grades and three painted condit
8、ions thatcontain various degrees of deterioration. The Guide4depictsthese conditions after various degrees of hand and power toolcleaning. Method D includes two rust grades and four paintedconditions that contain various degrees of deterioration. TheGuide5depicts these conditions after various degre
9、es of waterjetting, with three levels of flash rusting. Method E includestwo rust grades. The Guide6depicts these conditions aftervarious degrees of wet abrasive blast cleaning, with threelevels of flash rusting.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recogn
10、ized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 Other Documents:Pictorial Surface Prep
11、aration Standards and Guides2,3,4,5,6Surface Cleanliness Definitions3,43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 The cleanliness definitions for the Method A visualsurface preparation standard appear in the text of the pictorial1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint andRel
12、ated Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.46 on Industrial Protective Coatings.The pictorial standards described were prepared by the Swedish CorrosionInstitute and have been jointly approved by ASTM, The Society For ProtectiveCoatings (SSPC) (VIS
13、 1), and the Swedish Standardizing Commission.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017. Published December 2017. Originallyapproved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D2200 13. DOI:10.1520/D2200-17.2The pictorial surface preparation standard Method A is available from TheSociety for Pro
14、tective Coatings (SSPC), 800 Trumbull Drive, Pittsburgh, PA15205-4365, http:/www.sspc.org and Sveriges Standardiseringskommission, Box3295, Stockholm 3, Sweden.3The Visual Guide for Method B and surface cleanliness definitions are availablefrom The Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 800 Trumbul
15、l Drive, Pittsburgh,PA 15205-4365, http:/www.sspc.org.4The Visual Guide for Method C and the surface cleanliness definitions areavailable from The Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 800 Trumbull Drive,Pittsburgh, PA 15205-4365, http:/www.sspc.org.5The Visual Guide for Method D and the surface c
16、leanliness definitions areavailable from The Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 800 Trumbull Drive,Pittsburgh, PA 15205-4365, http:/www.sspc.org.6The Visual Guide for Method E and the surface cleanliness definitions areavailable from The Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 800 Trumbull Driv
17、e,Pittsburgh, PA 15205-4365, http:/www.sspc.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the De
18、cision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1surface preparation standards publication.2The definitions forMethods B, C, D, and E are found in a separate publication.
19、3,4,5,64. Significance and Use4.1 The appearance of the various degrees of dry and wetabrasive blast cleaning, hand and power tool cleaning andwater jetting are influenced by the initial rust grades of the steelbeing cleaned and/or the type and condition of the coating onthe existing steel. The stan
20、dards and guides aid visually injudging and evaluating the degree of rusting and/or paintdeterioration before cleaning and the degree of cleaning ofsteel surfaces prior to painting.4.2 Five methods have evolved because of differences in thepractice of using visual standards and guides throughout the
21、world, and the method of surface preparation employed. InEurope, the visual standards (Method A) are used as theprimary means of assessing the degree of cleaning. In the US,the SSPC written definitions take precedence with the visualguides and reference photographs used as a supplement. Thevisual gu
22、ides and reference photographs of Methods B, C, andD conform to the SSPC written definitions. There are writtendefinitions for Method E, however, the visual guide for MethodE does not contain a complete set of pictorials corresponding toeach surface cleanliness definition.5. Procedure and Interpreta
23、tionMethod A ISO/Swedish Standard(Hand Tool Cleaning, Power Tool Cleaning, AbrasiveBlast Cleaning, Flame Cleaning)5.1 Determine the method of cleaning to be used (forexample, hand or power tool cleaning, abrasive blast cleaning,or flame cleaning).5.2 Determine the initial condition of the steel acco
24、rding tofour initial grades (conditions).5.2.1 Condition A: Tightly adhering mill scale.5.2.2 Condition B: Mill scale and rust.5.2.3 Condition C: Rusted.5.2.4 Condition D: Rusted and pitted.5.3 Following the cleaning operation, compare the preparedsurface to the photograph corresponding to the speci
25、fied degreeof thoroughness (St2, St3, F1, Sa1, Sa2, Sa212, Sa3) for theparticular initial condition. Determine whether the preparedsurface meets the cleanliness requirements of the contractdocuments (specification).5.4 Repeat the procedure for representative areas of struc-ture and record the initia
26、l condition, method of cleaning, anddegree of thoroughness achieved.Method B, SSPC VIS 1 Guide and ReferencePhotographs for Steel Surfaces Prepared by AbrasiveBlast Cleaning (Dry)5.5 Determine the degree of abrasive blast cleaning speci-fied by the contract documents.5.6 Determine the initial condit
27、ion of steel according to theseven initial condition photographs A-D: G1,G2,G3.5.6.1 Condition A: Tightly adhering mill scale.5.6.2 Condition B: Mill scale and rust.5.6.3 Condition C: Rusted with little or no pitting.5.6.4 Condition D: Rusted and pitted.5.6.5 Condition G1: Deteriorated coating with
28、extensivepinpoint rusting.5.6.6 Condition G2: Deteriorated coating with moderatepitting.5.6.7 Condition G3: Deteriorated coating with severe pit-ting.5.7 Following the abrasive blast cleaning operation, com-pare the prepared surface to the photograph corresponding tothe degree of surface cleanliness
29、 required by the contractdocuments (SSPC-SP7, SP14, SP6, SP10, SP5) for the particu-lar initial condition. Determine whether the prepared surfacemeets the cleanliness requirements.5.8 Repeat the procedure for all representative areas ofstructure and record for each area the initial condition anddegr
30、ee of cleanliness achieved.5.9 When abrasives other than silica sand are used for blastcleaning, consult the photographs in the Appendix A of theSSPC VIS 1 Guide for variations in appearance created by theabrasive type.5.10 Consult Appendix B of the SSPC VIS 1 Guide forphotographs illustrating the e
31、ffect of variations in surfaceprofile depth, observation angle and lighting on the appearanceof prepared surfaces.NOTE 1Different steel surfaces show differences in shade, color, tone,pitting, flaking, mill scale, etc. To some extent, these differences betweenthe actual steel surface and the visual
32、guide can be reconciled by preparinga project-specific cleanliness standard.Method C, SSPC VIS 3 Guide and ReferencePhotographs for Steel Surfaces Prepared by Power andHand Tool Cleaning5.11 Determine the degree of hand or power tool cleaningspecified by the contract documents.5.12 Determine the ini
33、tial condition of previously uncoatedor coated steel with photographs A-D or E-G, respectively.5.12.1 Condition A: Tightly adhering mill scale.5.12.2 Condition B: Mill scale and rust.5.12.3 Condition C: Rusted with little or no pitting.5.12.4 Condition D: Rusted and pitted.5.12.5 Condition E: Light
34、colored paint applied to abrasiveblast cleaned steel, mostly intact.5.12.6 Condition F: Zinc-rich paint applied to abrasive blastcleaned steel.5.12.7 Condition G: Paint system applied to mill scale,thoroughly weathered, blistered or stained.5.13 Following the hand or power tool cleaning operation,co
35、mpare the prepared surface to the photograph correspondingto the degree of cleanliness required by the contract documents(SSPC-SP2, SP3, SP11, SP15) for the particular initial condi-tion. Determine whether the prepared surface meets the clean-liness requirements.D2200 1725.14 Repeat the procedure fo
36、r all representative areas of thestructure and record for each area the initial condition, themethod of cleaning and the degree of cleanliness achieved.NOTE 2Different steel surfaces show differences in shade, color, tone,pitting, flaking, mill scale, etc. To some extent, these differences betweenth
37、e actual steel surface and the visual guide can be reconciled by preparinga project-specific cleanliness standard.NOTE 3The type of power tool employed to perform the cleaning cancreate varying appearances of the prepared surfaces. Visual representa-tions of surfaces prepared using power wire brushe
38、s (PWB) and sandingdiscs (SD) are depicted in Method C.NOTE 4Visual representations of surface profile that has been restoredor re-exposed after power tool cleaning to expose bare metal (SP11/R) aredepicted for two initial conditions (E and F) in Method C.Method D, SSPC VIS 4/NACE VIS 7 Guide andRef
39、erence Photographs for Steel Surfaces Prepared byWaterjetting5.15 Determine the degree of water jetting specified by thecontract documents.5.16 Determine the initial condition of previously uncoatedor coated steel with photographs C-D or E-H, respectively.5.16.1 Condition C: Rusted with little or no
40、 pitting.5.16.2 Condition D: Rusted and pitted.5.16.3 Condition E: Light colored paint applied to abrasiveblast cleaned steel, mostly intact.5.16.4 Condition F: Zinc-rich paint applied to abrasive blastcleaned steel.5.16.5 Condition G: Paint system applied to mill scale,thoroughly weathered, blister
41、ed or stained.5.16.6 Condition H: Degraded paint system applied to steelthoroughly weathered, blistered, or stained.5.17 Following the water jetting operation, compare theprepared surface to the photograph corresponding to the degreeof cleanliness required by the contract documents (SP-WJ-1,SP-WJ-2,
42、 SP-WJ-3, SP-WJ-4) for the particular initial condi-tion. Determine whether the prepared surface meets the clean-liness requirements immediately after cleaning.5.18 If flash rusting (rust back) is permitted by the contractdocuments, assess the level of flash rusting (light, medium,heavy) and determi
43、ne whether the surface meets the require-ments of the contract documents immediately prior to coating.5.19 Repeat the procedure for all representative areas of thestructure and record for each area the initial condition, themethod of cleaning, the degree of cleanliness achieved and thelevel of flash
44、 rusting (if permitted).NOTE 5Different steel surfaces show differences in shade, color, tone,pitting, flaking, mill scale, etc. To some extent, these differences betweenthe actual steel surface and the visual guide can be reconciled by preparinga project-specific cleanliness standard.Method E, SSPC
45、 VIS 5/NACE VIS 9 Guide andReference Photographs for Steel Surfaces Prepared byWet Abrasive Blast Cleaning5.20 Determine the degree of wet abrasive blast cleaningspecified by the contract documents.5.21 Determine the initial condition of previously uncoatedsteel with photographs C or D.5.21.1 Condit
46、ion C: Rusted with little or no pitting.5.21.2 Condition D: Rusted and pitted.5.22 Following the wet abrasive blast cleaning operation,compare the prepared surface to the photograph correspondingto the degree of cleanliness required by the contract documents(SSPC-SP 6 WAB, SSPC-SP 10 WAB for the par
47、ticularinitial condition. Determine whether the prepared surfacemeets the cleanliness requirements immediately after cleaning.5.23 If flash rusting (rust back) is permitted by the contractdocuments, assess the level of flash rusting (light, medium,heavy) and determine whether the surface meets the r
48、equire-ments of the contract documents immediately prior to coating.5.24 Repeat the procedure for all representative areas of thestructure and record for each area the initial condition, themethod of cleaning, the degree of cleanliness achieved and thelevel of flash rusting (if permitted).NOTE 6Diff
49、erent steel surfaces show differences in shade, color, tone,pitting, flaking, mill scale, etc. To some extent, these differences betweenthe actual steel surface and the visual guide can be reconciled by preparinga project-specific cleanliness standard.6. Keywords6.1 abrasive blast cleaning; blast cleaning; flame cleaning;flash rusting; hand tool cleaning; photographic standards forsurface preparation; power tool cleaning; surface preparation;surface preparation standards; visual guides; visual standards;water jetting; wet abrasive blast cleaningASTM Internat
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