ImageVerifierCode 换一换
格式:PDF , 页数:13 ,大小:270.37KB ,
资源ID:511384      下载积分:10000 积分
快捷下载
登录下载
邮箱/手机:
温馨提示:
如需开发票,请勿充值!快捷下载时,用户名和密码都是您填写的邮箱或者手机号,方便查询和重复下载(系统自动生成)。
如填写123,账号就是123,密码也是123。
特别说明:
请自助下载,系统不会自动发送文件的哦; 如果您已付费,想二次下载,请登录后访问:我的下载记录
支付方式: 支付宝扫码支付 微信扫码支付   
注意:如需开发票,请勿充值!
验证码:   换一换

加入VIP,免费下载
 

温馨提示:由于个人手机设置不同,如果发现不能下载,请复制以下地址【http://www.mydoc123.com/d-511384.html】到电脑端继续下载(重复下载不扣费)。

已注册用户请登录:
账号:
密码:
验证码:   换一换
  忘记密码?
三方登录: 微信登录  

下载须知

1: 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。
2: 试题试卷类文档,如果标题没有明确说明有答案则都视为没有答案,请知晓。
3: 文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
5. 本站仅提供交流平台,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

版权提示 | 免责声明

本文(ASTM D228-2006 Standard Test Methods for Sampling Testing and Analysis of Asphalt Roll Roofing Cap Sheets and Shingles Used in Roofing and Waterproofing《铺屋顶和防水用沥青卷屋顶层、外覆薄板和盖屋板的抽样、试.pdf)为本站会员(wealthynice100)主动上传,麦多课文库仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。 若此文所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私,请立即通知麦多课文库(发送邮件至master@mydoc123.com或直接QQ联系客服),我们立即给予删除!

ASTM D228-2006 Standard Test Methods for Sampling Testing and Analysis of Asphalt Roll Roofing Cap Sheets and Shingles Used in Roofing and Waterproofing《铺屋顶和防水用沥青卷屋顶层、外覆薄板和盖屋板的抽样、试.pdf

1、Designation: D 228 06Standard Test Methods forSampling, Testing, and Analysis of Asphalt Roll Roofing,Cap Sheets, and Shingles Used in Roofing andWaterproofing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 228; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal ad

2、option or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling,examination, physica

3、l testing, and analyses of asphalt-containing materials used in roofing and waterproofing. Thesematerials include but are not limited to roll roofing, cap sheets,and shingles.Any of these materials are allowed to be partiallyor fully coated, surfaced, or laminated, or a combinationthereof.1.2 The te

4、st methods and procedures in this standard appearin the following order:Section Content5 Types of Roofing6 Sampling7 Mass and Area Determination8 Selection of Representative Specimens9 Moisture10 Pliability11 Mass Loss and Behavior on Heating12 Tear Strength13 Fastener Pull-Through Resistance14 Prep

5、aration and Selection of Small Test Specimensfor Analyses15 Analysis of Glass Felt Products16 Analysis of Roofing Products with Organic Felts17 Ash of Desaturated Felt18 Calculation19 Adjusting Back Coating Fine Mineral Matter andBack Surfacing20 Report21 Precision and Bias1.3 The values stated in S

6、I units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and healt

7、h practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products andBituminous Materials by DistillationD 146 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Bitumen-Saturated Felts and Woven Fabrics

8、for Roofing and Wa-terproofingD 225 Specification for Asphalt Shingles (Organic Felt)Surfaced With Mineral GranulesD 1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproof-ingD 1922 Test Method for Propagation Tear Resistance ofPlastic Film and Thin Sheeting by Pendulum MethodD 2178 Specification for A

9、sphalt Glass Felt Used in Roof-ing and WaterproofingD 2626 Specification for Asphalt-Saturated and Coated Or-ganic Felt Base Sheet Used in RoofingD 3462 Specification forAsphalt Shingles Made from GlassFelt and Surfaced with Mineral GranulesD 3909 Specification for Asphalt Roll Roofing (Glass Felt)S

10、urfaced With Mineral GranulesD 4601 Specification for Asphalt-Coated Glass Fiber BaseSheet Used in RoofingD 4897 Specification for Asphalt-Coated Glass-Fiber Vent-ing Base Sheet Used in RoofingD 4932 Test Method for Fastener Rupture and Tear Resis-tance of Roofing and Waterproofing Sheets, Roll Roof

11、ing,and ShinglesD 6380 Specification for Asphalt Roll Roofing (OrganicFelt)F 1667 Specification for Driven Fasteners: Nails, Spikes,and Staples1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 onRoofing and Waterproofing and are the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD08.02 on P

12、repared Roofing, Shingles, and Siding Materials.Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published June 2006. Originallyapproved in 1925. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D 228 05b.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at servicea

13、stm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of term

14、s used in these test methods, seeTerminology D 1079.3.1.2 As referenced in 14.1, “Materials of Uniform Compo-sition” designates products that are manufactured to be thesame thickness, ply count, and mass per unit area in all areasof the material. This would include traditional mineral surfacedrolls,

15、 “3 Tab” shingles, and other shingles that have areas ofmaterial removed for appearance purposes (cut-outs) but therest of the shingle is of uniform composition. See Fig. 1, Type1 or Type 2.3.1.3 As referenced in 14.2, “Materials of NonuniformComposition” designates products that are intentionally m

16、anu-factured to have different thickness or mass per unit area withindifferent areas of the product. Examples of materials ofnonuniform composition are selvage edge rolls and overlaid orembossed shingles (where not all of the product has the samethickness). See Fig. 1, Type 3.3.1.4 As referenced in

17、14.4, “Materials of Multiple LayerComposition” designates products that are fabricated in mul-tiple layers. See Fig. 1, Type 4.3.1.5 As referenced in these test methods, “Machine Direc-tion” (indicated as MD) is the direction running the longdimension of a roll product (before samples or specimens a

18、recut) or the long dimension of a shingle, unless otherwiseknown and agreed to between supplier and purchaser. “CrossDirection” (indicated as CD) designates the direction perpen-dicular to the MD.3.1.6 A production lot is defined as all material producedwithin one production shift of the same type,

19、composition, andcolor (where applicable). A delivery lot is defined as aNOTE 1Not to scale.NOTE 2Type 3 has been illustrated without asphalt coating or fine mineral surfacing on the reverse side. It is not prohibited to fabricate this productwith asphalt coating or fine material surfacing on the rev

20、erse side.FIG. 1 Types of Asphalt-Coated Roll Roofing and ShinglesD228062shipment or fraction thereof representing a product of the sametype, composition, and color (where applicable).4. Significance and Use4.1 These test methods include procedures for sampling,examination, physical testing, and ana

21、lyses of asphalt rollroofing, cap sheets, and shingles used in roofing and water-proofing. Other components of these materials are allowed toinclude, but are not limited to, felts, mats, films, foils, mineralstabilizers, papers, and mineral surfacing.4.2 These test methods include tests that are not

22、 required byevery product standard that references Test Methods D 228.The individual product standards are the authority for whichtests are required for compliance. It is not prohibited to runtests in addition to those required in the product standards, butthese test methods make no claim to their s

23、uitability orsignificance.4.3 Five random samples are required from lots equal to orless than 1000 packages. The number of samples required forlots greater than 1000 packages is dependent on the variation inthe unit mass within the lot and is determined by the two-stepsampling plan in 6.4.4.4 The re

24、sults of a visual examination, physical testing, andcompositional analysis are required for each sample. Theanalytical data are further used to compute the probableminimum and the probable range for the average mass of eachof the components.5. Types of Roofing5.1 Asphalt-coated roll roofing and shin

25、gles are divided intothe following types for the purposes of these test methods (seeFig. 1).5.1.1 Type 1A single thickness of glass felt, coated withasphalt and mineral surfacing such as in Specifications D 2178,D 3462, D 3909, D 4601, and D 4897. The backing material(designated “Fine Mineral Surfac

26、ing” in Fig. 1) shall bepermitted to be any suitable material that prevents theseproducts from sticking together while packaged.5.1.2 Type 2A single thickness of asphalt-saturated feltcoated with asphalt and mineral surfacing such as in Specifi-cations D 225, D 2626, and D 6380, Class M. The backing

27、material (designated “Fine Mineral Surfacing” in Fig. 1) shallbe permitted to be any suitable material that prevents theseproducts from sticking together while packaged.5.1.3 Type 3Similar to Type 2, but asphalt coated andsurfaced with mineral granules for part of one side of thesaturated felt such

28、as in Specification D 6380, Class WS. Thistype also includes products similar to Type 1 or Type 2 thathave overlay or embossed areas. This does not include prod-ucts that are fabricated in multiple layers.5.1.4 Type 4This material is comprised of multiple layersbonded with a suitable adhesive, typic

29、ally a bituminous mate-rial. Evaluation of the nature of the adhesive or quality of thebond, or both, is outside the scope of this test method. Fig. 1illustrates a typical configuration for Type 4. This “Type”description is provided to aid the user in understanding how tomatch a given product compos

30、ition and assembly to itscorresponding Type. It is not intended to limit or excludeproducts with similar, but not identical constructions. Ex-amples of known variations, which shall not be prohibitedinclude (but are not limited to):5.1.4.1 Materials using other adhesives,5.1.4.2 Materials fabricated

31、 with more than two layers,5.1.4.3 Materials that use different relative proportions forthe layers, and5.1.4.4 Materials with other core compositions6. Sampling6.1 The rolls or packages selected in accordance with thissection constitute the representative sample used in Sections 7and 8.6.2 Select fi

32、ve rolls or packages from the lot at random. Donot select any material that shows visual indications of damagefrom shipping or handling. Determine the average net mass perg/m2(lb/100 ft2) and the standard deviation in accordance with7.1-7.8.6.3 If the lot is 1000 or fewer rolls or packages, proceed

33、toSection 7. If the lot is 1001 or greater in number, follow thesecond part of the sampling plan in 6.4.6.4 Calculate the required number of samples based on thestandard deviation (s) of the preliminary sampling by:n 5t2s2d2(1)where:n = total number of samples required (n 5 more rolls orpackages mus

34、t be selected at random as samples),t = test statistic for number of samples in the preliminarytest series for 4 and a 95 % confidence that thecalculated average mass will not exceed d (t = 2.776),andd = 100 g/m2(2 lb/100 ft2) (the mean mass obtained fromthe analysis should be within 6100 g/m2of the

35、 truevalue, with 95 % confidence).6.5 See Fig. 2.7. As Received Mass and Area Determinations, All Typesof Roofing7.1 Gross MassDetermine and record the mass of eachrepresentative sample to the nearest 0.1 kg (0.2 lb).7.2 Net MassDisassemble each package or unroll eachroll of the representative sampl

36、e; shake off any loose surfacingand determine and record the net mass of all the shingles or theentire roll to the nearest 0.1 kg (0.2 lb). Where a productstandard requires it, the loose surfacing is to be collected andthe mass determined.7.3 Packaging and Fixture MassDetermine and recordthe mass to

37、 the nearest 0.1 kg (0.2 lb) of the packaging and allassociated fixtures shipped with each roll or package of therepresentative sample, such as nails and adhesive.7.4 Dimensions of Roll ProductsMeasure and record thelength and width of each roll of roofing and the selvage widthto the nearest 3 mm (1

38、8 in.).7.5 Shingle Count and DimensionsFrom each of therepresentative sample packages generated in Section 6, countand record the number of shingles in each package. Select oneshingle randomly from each package. Measure the width,length, and cutout dimensions for each of these selectedD228063shingle

39、s to the nearest 1 mm (132 in.). Calculate and record theaverage for each of these measurements.7.6 Calculate the area of the roofing and the net mass perunit area of the roofing. Report the net mass per unit area asg/m2(lb/100 ft2) for each representative sample (withoutpackaging, cut outs or loose

40、 surfacing).7.7 Calculate and record the average net mass per unit areafor the combined representative samples (without packaging,cut outs, or loose surfacing) as (lb/100 ft2).7.8 Calculate and record the estimate of the standard devia-tion by:s 5(X2n 2 12(X!2nn 2 1!(2)where:s = an unbiased estimate

41、 of the standard deviation,(X2= the sum of the squares of the individual massdeterminations,(X)2= the square of the sum of the individual massdeterminations, andn = the number of rolls or packages in the representa-tive sample.7.9 Calculate the 95 % confidence interval for the averagemass by:(Xn6ts=

42、n(3)where:(X = sum of the individual mass determinations, andt = appropriate t statistic for 95 % confidence and n 1dF (t = 2.776 for n = 5; consult standard referencetable for other values of n).8. Selection of Representative Specimens, All RoofingTypes8.1 Several product standards reference sampli

43、ng as desig-nated in Test Methods D 228 for tests that are not specificallycovered by Test Methods D 228. Unless otherwise specified inthese test methods, the large specimens and small test speci-mens shall all be selected from the representative sample (rollor package selected in Section 6) that ha

44、s the individual netmass per unit area closest to the average net mass per unit areafor the combined representative samples as determined inSection 7. If more than one roll or package needs to be selectedto provide sufficient specimens for all the tests dictated withinthe product standard, any addit

45、ional specimens shall be se-lected from the representative sample that has the net mass perunit area that is next closest to the average net mass per unitarea of the combined representative samples.NOTE 1It is the intent of these test methods that whenever notspecifically directed to select specimen

46、s in some other manner, specimensshall be selected from the representative sample that is the closest in massper unit area to the average mass per unit area of the combinedrepresentative samples.8.2 For roll products, select a specimen of roofing, the fullsheet width and at least1m(3ft)inlength from

47、 each roll,starting a minimum of three wraps into the roll. For shingleproducts, the shingles from 7.5 shall be used.In Section 6, initial “Representative Samples” are selected (typically five per lot). These are full bundles or rolls. These are the samples used in Section 7.In Section 8, one large

48、“Specimen” is taken from each representative sample (full shingles from 7.5 or a portion of each roll selected in Section 6). These are confirmedto be within 1.5 % of the mass per area (from 7.6) for the corresponding representative sample.In Section 9 (where product standards require measurement of

49、 water content per Test Method D95), 50-g small test specimens are taken from each “Large Specimen”for determination of water.In Section 10, five MD and five CD small test specimens are cut from one of the “Large Specimens” for evaluation of pliability.In Section 11, two small test specimens are cut from one of the “Large Specimens” for evaluation of behavior on heating.In Section 14, small test specimens (three for glass felt, four for organic felt) are cut from each of the “Large Specimens” for analysis by Section 15 (for glass felt) orby Section 16 (for organ

copyright@ 2008-2019 麦多课文库(www.mydoc123.com)网站版权所有
备案/许可证编号:苏ICP备17064731号-1