1、Designation: D 849 05Standard Test Method forCopper Strip Corrosion by Industrial AromaticHydrocarbons1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 849; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi
2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the corrosiveness of
3、 industrialaromatic hydrocarbons to a copper strip.NOTE 1For a similar copper strip test applicable to other petroleumproducts, see Test Method D 130 and Test Method D 1838.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3
4、 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific haza
5、rdstatements, see Section 8.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B 152/B 152M Specification for Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate,and Rolled BarD 130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper fromPetroleum Products by the Copper Strip TestD 1838 Test Method for Copper Strip Corrosion by Lique-fied Petr
6、oleum (LP) GasesD 4790 Terminology of Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Re-lated Chemicals2.2 Other Documents:OSHA Regulations, 29 CFR, paragraphs 1910.1000 and1910.120032.3 ASTM Adjuncts:ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standards (13 photolithedaluminum strips; includes Test Method D 130)43. Terminology3.1 See
7、Terminology D 4790 for definition of terms used inthis test method.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A polished copper strip is immersed in 200 mL ofspecimen in a flask with a condenser and placed in boilingwater for 30 min. At the end of this period, the copper strip isremoved and compared with the ASTM
8、 Copper Strip Corro-sion Standards.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is suitable for setting specifications, foruse as an internal quality control tool, and for use in develop-ment or research work on industrial aromatic hydrocarbons andrelated materials. It also gives an indication of the
9、 presence ofcertain corrosive substances which may corrode equipment,such as acidic compounds or sulfur compounds.6. Apparatus6.1 Flask, of sufficient size to allow for refluxing 200 mLspecimen, of chemically resistant glass with flat bottom andvial mouth.6.2 Glass Condenser, length may vary, with t
10、he insidediameter of the condenser tube not less than 10 mm. A cork isused to connect the flask with the condenser. A condenser andflask with ground-glass joints may also be used.6.3 Strip Polishing Vise, (optional), to hold the copper stripfirmly without marring the edges. For convenient vises see
11、TestMethod D 130.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 onAromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D16.01 on Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Cyclohexane, and TheirDerivatives.Current edition approved July 1, 2005. Published Jul
12、y 2005. Originally approvedin 1945. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 849 03.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summar
13、y page onthe ASTM website.3Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.4Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Request Adjunct No.ADJD0130. Names of suppliers in the United Kingdom can be obtained fr
14、om theInstitute of Petroleum. Two master standards are held by the IP for reference.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.4 Water Bath, of convenient desig
15、n, able to maintainboiling water such that the contents of the flask are submergedduring the test.7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Wash SolventAny volatile, sulfur-free hydrocarbonsolvent may be used provided that it shows no tarnish at allwhen tested at 100C for 1 h. Isooctane (WarningSee 8.2)isa suita
16、ble solvent.7.2 Surface Preparation/Polishing Materials, 00 grade orfiner steel wool or silicon carbide grit paper or cloth of varyingdegrees of fineness including 65-m (240-grit) grade; also asupply of 105-m (150-mesh) size silicon carbide grain orpowder and absorbent cotton (cotton wool). A commer
17、cialgrade is suitable, but pharmaceutical grade is most commonlyavailable and is acceptable.7.3 Copper StripsUse strips 12.5 mm 6 1 mm wide, 1.5to 3.5 mm thick, cut 75 mm 6 3 mm long from smooth-surfaced, hard-tempered, cold-finished copper of 99.9 + %purity. Electrical bus-bar stock is generally su
18、itable (hard-temper, cold-finished type-electrolytic tough pitch (ETP) cop-per conforming to UNS C11000 in Specification B 152/B 152M. Drill a 3.2 mm 6 0.5 mm hole approximately 3.2 mmfrom one end in the center of the strip. The strips may be usedrepeatedly but should be discarded when surfaces beco
19、medeformed on handling.7.4 Copper wire, soft, about 150 mm in length.7.5 ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standards, consisting ofreproductions in color of typical test strips representing in-creasing degrees of tarnish and corrosion. The reproductionsare encased in plastic in the form of a plaque. Instr
20、uctions forcare and use are given on the reverse side of each plaque andin Test Method D 130.7.6 Ashless Filter Paper or Disposable Gloves, for use inprotecting the copper strip from coming in contact with theindividual during final polishing.8. Hazards8.1 Consult current OSHA regulations, suppliers
21、 MaterialSafety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials usedin this test method.8.2 Isooctane is Extremely Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.Vapors may cause flash fire. Keep away from heat, sparks, andopen flame. Keep container closed. Use with adequate venti-lation. Avoid buildup of vapor
22、s and eliminate all sources ofignition, especially non-explosion-proof electrical apparatusand heaters. Avoid prolonged breathing of vapor or spray mist.Avoid prolonged or repeated skin contact.9. Preparation of Strips9.1 Surface PreparationRemove all surface blemishesfrom all six sides of the strip
23、 obtained from a previous analysis(see Note 2). One way to accomplish this is to use 00 grade orfiner steel wool or silicon carbide grit paper or cloth of suchdegrees of fineness as are needed to accomplish the desiredresults efficiently. Finish with 65-m (240-grit) silicon-carbidepaper or cloth, re
24、moving all marks that may have been made byother grades of paper used previously. Ensure the preparedcopper strip is protected from oxidation prior to final prepara-tion, such as by immersing the strip in wash solvent fromwhich it can be withdrawn immediately for final preparation(polishing) or in w
25、hich it can be stored for future use.NOTE 2Only final polishing (see 9.2) is necessary for commerciallypurchased pre-polished strips.NOTE 3As a practical manual polishing procedure, place a sheet ofthe paper on a flat surface, moisten it with wash solvent, and rub the stripagainst the paper with a c
26、ircular motion, protecting the strip from contactwith the fingers by using an ashless filter paper, other suitable material, orwearing disposable gloves.Alternatively, the strip may be prepared by useof motor-driven machines using appropriate grades of dry paper or cloth.9.2 Final PolishingFor strip
27、s prepared in 9.1 or newstrips being used for the first time, remove a strip from itsprotected location, such as by removing it from the washsolvent. To prevent possible surface contamination during finalpreparation, do not allow fingers to come in direct contact withthe copper strips, such as by we
28、aring disposable gloves orholding the strips in the fingers protected with ashless filterpaper. Polish first the ends and then the sides with the 105-m(150-mesh) silicon-carbide grains picked up from a suitablecontainer with a pad of absorbent cotton or cloth moistenedwith a drop of wash solvent. Wi
29、pe vigorously with fresh padsof absorbent cotton or cloth and subsequently handle only withstainless-steel forceps, tongs, or other suitable devices to avoidtouching with the fingers. Polish the main surfaces with siliconcarbide grains on absorbent cotton or cloth. Rub in thedirection of the long ax
30、is of the strip, carrying the strokebeyond the end of the strip before reversing the direction.Clean all metal dust from the strip by rubbing vigorously withclean pads of absorbent cotton or cloth until the materialremains unsoiled. When the strip is clean, immediately im-merse the strip in the spec
31、imen flask.NOTE 4It is important to polish the whole surface of the stripuniformly to obtain a uniformly stained strip. If the edges show wear(surface elliptical) they will likely show more corrosion than the center.The use of a vise will facilitate uniform polishing.10. Procedure10.1 Fasten the 150
32、-mm length of soft copper wire throughthe hole provided near one end of the strip, taking care not totouch the strip with the fingers after polishing.10.2 Place the strip in the flask and add 200 mL of thesample. The specimen must not contain separated water. Filterthrough a dry filter paper, if nec
33、essary, to remove water.10.3 Connect the flask to the vertical reflux condenser bymeans of a properly bored cork or glass stopper. It is absolutelynecessary that a cork or glass, not rubber, stopper be used, inorder to avoid contamination of the specimen by sulfur fromrubber stoppers. The copper wir
34、e may be allowed to extendinto the condenser tube for convenience in removing the strip.Completely immerse the strip.10.4 Place the flask in the gently boiling water bath, andimmerse the flask to the liquid line of the specimen within theflask.10.5 Remove the copper strip 30 min from the time the fl
35、askwas immersed in the bath. Do not touch the copper strip, butremove it by the wire that has been provided. Do not allow thestrip to come in contact with separated water during any part ofD849052the test, since water causes bad local staining of the copper. Ifit is desired to preserve the strip for
36、 future reference, dip itimmediately into white shellac or lacquer.11. Interpretation of Results11.1 Compare the exposed strip with the ASTM CopperStrip Corrosion Standards described in 7.5 and as summarizedin Table 1. Hold the test strip and the Standard in such amanner that light reflected from th
37、em at an angle of approxi-mately 45 will be observed.11.1.1 When a strip is in the obvious transition statebetween that indicated by any two adjacent standard strips, ratethe sample at the more tarnished classification. Should a stripappear to have a darker orange color than Standard Strip 1b,consid
38、er the observed strip as still belonging in Classification1; however, if any evidence of red color is observed, theobserved strip belongs in Classification 2.12. Report12.1 Report the corrosiveness of the copper strip in accor-dance with one of the classifications of theASTM Copper StripCorrosion St
39、andards and as summarized in Table 1. A rating of1a or 1b is considered a “Pass;” all others shall be consideredfailures.13. Precision and Bias13.1 In the case of pass/fail data, no generally acceptedmethod for determining precision and bias is currently avail-able.14. Keywords14.1 copper corrosion
40、testSUMMARY OF CHANGESSubcommittee D16.01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(D 849 - 03) that may impact the use of this issue.(1) Updated 7.2, 9.1, 9.2, and 11.1.(2) Added new 7.6 and 11.1.1.(3) Added a new Note 2 and revised Note 3.(4) Added a new
41、 Table 1 and Report section.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infr
42、ingement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standa
43、rd or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your vie
44、ws known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacti
45、ng ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).TABLE 1 Copper Strip ClassificationsClassification Designation DescriptionAFreshly polished strip .B1 slight tarnish a. Light orange, almost the same as
46、freshly polished strip. b. Dark orange2 moderate tarnish a. Claret red. b. Lavender. c. Multicolored with lavender blue or silver, or both, overlaid onclaret red. d. Silvery. e. Brassy or gold3 dark tarnish a. Magenta overcast on brassy strip. b. Multicolored with red and green snowing (peacock), bu
47、t no gray4 corrosion a. Transparent black, dark gray or brown with peacock green barelyshowing. b. Graphite or lusterless black. c. Glossy or jet blackAThe ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standard is a colored reproduction of strips characteristic of these descriptions.BThe freshly polished strip is included in the series only as an indication of the appearance of a properly polished strip before a test run. It is not possible to duplicatethis appearance after a test even with a completely noncorrosive sample.D849053
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