1、Designation: D 952 02Standard Test Method forBond or Cohesive Strength of Sheet Plastics and ElectricalInsulating Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 952; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the bondstrength or ply adhesion strength of sheet plastic a
3、nd electricalinsulating materials. It is applicable to both laminated andnonlaminated thermoplastic and thermosetting materials.1.2 Test data obtained by this test method is relevant andappropriate for use in engineering design.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The
4、 values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility o
5、f regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing2D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics2D 4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Mate-rials3D 4066 Cl
6、assification System for Nylon Injection and Ex-trusion Materials3D 4805 Terminology for Plastics Standards4E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method52.2 ANSI Standard:B1.1 Standard for Unified Screw Threads63. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor defi
7、nitions of technical terms pertain-ing to plastics used in this test method, see Terminology D 883or Terminology D 4805.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test, when applied to laminated plastics, is ameasure of the interlaminar or intralaminar strength, whicheveris smaller, in a direction normal to th
8、e plane of the laminate.When applied to nonlaminated plastics, the test is a measure ofthe cohesive strength of the material. The property determinedis fundamental and has not yet been correlated with the resultsof any other method for bond strength.4.2 The test may be found to be useful as (1) a re
9、search testwhen studying the effects of changes in independent variables,(2) a specification test, or (3) a referee test.4.3 Before proceeding with this test method, referenceshould be made to the specification of the material being tested.Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions orte
10、sting parameters or combination thereof covered in therelevant ASTM materials specification shall take precedenceover those in this test method. If there are no relevant ASTMmaterial specifications then the default conditions apply. Table1 of Classification System D 4000 lists the ASTM materialsstan
11、dards that currently exist.5. Apparatus and Materials5.1 Testing MachineAny suitable tensile testing machinecapable of crosshead movement at a constant rate of 1.3mm/min. (0.05 in/min.) and of sufficient capacity to exceed thefailure load of the material being tested.5.2 Loading FixturesThe loading
12、fixtures shall be self-aligning and shall not apply eccentric loads.5.3 Metal BlocksA pair of 51-mm (2-in.) square metalblocks each having a maximum height of 51 mm (2 in.). Eachblock shall be configured to permit attachment to the testingmachines loading fixture (see Fig. 1).1This test method is un
13、der the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.Current edition approved April 10, 2002. Published June 2002. Originallypublished as D 952 48 T. Last previous edition D 952 95.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 0
14、8.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.035Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.6Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 W. 43rd St., 4thFloor, New York, NY 10036.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, Wes
15、t Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.NOTE 2Blocks constructed from heat-treated aluminum alloy, eachhaving a hole in one end tapped78 in. in accordance with ANSI B1.1, toaccommodate threaded78-in. studs of convenient length, have been usedsuccessfully.5.4 AdhesiveAny adhesive that is found t
16、o perform satis-factorily under this test may be used provided that it will notinfluence the specimen behavior by physical or chemicaleffects.NOTE 3Redux7has been found satisfactory for use with certainthermoset materials. Cyanoacrylate cement and room-temperature-curingepoxy have been used successf
17、ully for both thermoplastic and thermosetmaterials.6. Test Specimen6.1 The test specimen shall consist of sheet material 51 mm(2 in.) square, prepared in such a manner as to produce smoothedges. The thickness of the specimen shall be the thickness ofthe material. Opposite surfaces should be as paral
18、lel as possibleto prevent eccentric loading of the material.6.2 At least five specimens shall be tested for each sample.6.3 For testing the material specified, this test method is sodesigned that failure between the adhesive and the metalshould not occur. If failure does occur between the adhesivean
19、d the metal blocks, or between the adhesive and thespecimen, discard the result and test another specimen.7. Conditioning7.1 ConditioningCondition the test specimens at 23 62C (73.4 6 3.6F) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity for not lessthan 40 h prior to test in accordance with Procedure A ofPractice D
20、 618, unless otherwise specified by contract or therelevant ASTM material specification. Reference pre-test con-ditioning, to settle disagreements, shall apply tolerances of61C (1.8F) and 62 % relative humidity.7.2 Test ConditionsConduct tests at 23 6 2C (73.4 63.6F) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity,
21、unless otherwisespecified by contract or the relevant ASTM material specifica-tion. Reference testing conditions, to settle disagreements,shall apply tolerances of 61C (1.8F) and 62 % relativehumidity.8. Specimen Preparation8.1 Determine the cross-sectional area of the test specimenin a plane parall
22、el to the surface. Gently rub both sides of thespecimen with 00 emery cloth. Do not rub the specimen on thecloth since the corners will then be abraded more than otherparts of the surface. Clean the bond areas of the specimen andmetal blocks with a suitable solvent which does not chemicallyaffect th
23、e surfaces. Do not touch the cleaned surfaces with thehands. Apply a coating of adhesive to the cleaned surfaces ofthe blocks.8.2 Place the specimen between the coated blocks beingcertain that the blocks are aligned. If pressure or temperature,or both, is (are) necessary to cure the adhesive, insert
24、 theassembly into a properly adjusted press or oven, or both. Thebonding pressure shall not be greater than the pressure used inthe construction of the material. The bonding temperature shallbe room temperature or at least 50C below the temperature atwhich the material was constructed. In any case,
25、the bondingprocedure shall not alter the material. Permit specimens tocondition in accordance with 7.1.9. Procedure9.1 Attach the assembly to the loading fixtures and deter-mine the tensile load required to break the specimen at a speedof 1.3 mm 6 0.33 mm (0.05 6 0.01 in.)/min.NOTE 4To prepare the m
26、etal blocks for reuse, the remaining portionsof the test specimen and adhesive may be removed from the surfaces ofthe blocks by using a surface grinder. An abrasive wheel 178 mm (7 in.)in diameter and having a 12.7-mm (12-in.) face, running at 2900 r/min, hasbeen found to be satisfactory.8In order t
27、o maintain a truly plane surface,it is recommended that the metal blocks be finished on a flat emerysurface.10. Calculation10.1 Calculate the bond strength of each specimen inmegapascals (or pounds-force per square inch) by dividing theload by the area of the test specimen.7Redux is available from t
28、he Shur-Lok Bonded Structures, Ltd., 1300 E.Normandy Place, Santa Ana, CA.8Aloxite-AA-46-G6-V60, of the Carborundum Co., Niagara Falls, NY, has beenfound suitable for this purpose.TABLE 1 Precision DataMaterialsAverageStrength, MPa(psi)Coefficient of VariationnrWithinALaboratoriesnRBetweenBLaborator
29、iesBMCSMC12.7 (1840)14.0 (2030)7.15.47.18.8Anris the within-laboratories standard deviation of the mean, expressed as apercentage of the listed average.BnRis the between-laboratories standard deviation of the mean, expressed asa percentage of the listed average.FIG. 1 Test Assembly for Bond Strength
30、 TestD95202210.2 Calculate the arithmetic mean of all values obtained tothree significant figures and report as the “average value.”10.3 Calculate the standard deviation (estimated) and reportto two significant figures.11. Report11.1 Report the following information:11.1.1 Complete identification of
31、 the material tested, includ-ing type or grade, nominal thickness, source, principal dimen-sions, previous history, etc.,11.1.2 The adhesive used and the conditions under which itwas applied (pressure or temperature applied, or both),11.1.3 The atmospheric conditions in the test room,11.1.4 The tota
32、l load, in newtons (or pounds-force), re-quired to break each specimen,11.1.5 The average unit stress for all tests, in megapascals(or pounds-force per square inch), and the standard deviation,11.1.6 Description of failure: whether progressive or sud-den, adhesive or cohesive, and11.1.7 The Test Met
33、hod number and published/revisiondate.12. Precision and Bias12.1 Table 1 is based on an interlaboratory test conducted in1979 involving two materials tested by three laboratories. Eachtest result was the average of five specimens. Each laboratoryobtained four test results for each material. (Caution
34、 Withsuch limited testing, the standard deviations in Table 1 arelikely to have a high degree of error. Therefore, the usualstatistics for repeatability and reproducibility are not war-ranted.)NOTE 5A questionnaire circulated in May 1988 generated only oneresponse from a user of this test method as
35、well as one nonuser, both ofwhom would vote negative on any ballot to withdraw this test method.There were 19 other responses.12.2 The data in Table 1 should not be applied to acceptanceor rejection of material, as those data are specific to the roundrobin and may not be representative of other lots
36、, conditions,materials, or laboratories. Users of this test method shouldapply the principles outlined in Practice E 691 to generate dataspecific to their laboratory and materials, or between specificlaboratories.12.3 BiasThere are no recognized standards by which toestimate bias of this test method
37、.13. Keywords13.1 adhesive; bond strength; cohesive strength; interlami-nar; intralaminar; laminated; plasticsASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised
38、 that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either rea
39、pproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If yo
40、u feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D952023
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