ASTM D2349-1990(2014) Standard Test Method for Qualitative Determination of Nature of Solvent Composition in Solvent-Reducible Paints《可还原溶剂型涂料溶剂组份的自然定性测定的标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: D2349 90 (Reapproved 2014)Standard Test Method for Qualitative Determination ofNature of Solvent Composition in Solvent-Reducible Paints1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2349; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,

2、 in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the natureof solvent in solvent-red

3、ucible house paints containing onlyhydrocarbon solvents.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibil

4、ityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D215 Practice for the Chemical Analysis of White LinseedOil Paints (Withdrawn 2005)3D233 Test Methods o

5、f Sampling and Testing TurpentineD1193 Specification for Reagent Water3. Significance and Use3.1 This test method provides a procedure for determiningqualitatively the composition of solvent in paints containingonly hydrocarbon solvents.4. Reagents4.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall

6、beused in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are available.4Other grades may beused, provided it is first ascertained that the r

7、eagent is ofsufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening theaccuracy of the determination.4.2 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated, referencesto water shall be understood to mean reagent water conformingto Type IV of Specification D1193.4.3 Antimony Pentachloride (SbCl5).4.4 Chl

8、oroform.4.5 Nitric Acid (sp gr 1.42)Concentrated nitric acid(HNO3).4.6 Sulfuric Acid (sp gr 1.84)Concentrated sulfuric acid(H2SO4).5. Preparation of Sample5.1 Mix and prepare the sample in accordance with PracticeD215.6. Nature of Solvent6.1 Transfer approximately 150 g of the paint to a 500-mLflask

9、 fitted with a 2-hole cork stopper carrying a spray trapconnected with a suitable condenser. Through the other hole inthe stopper pass an influx tube for steam. (This tube should dipbelow the surface of the paint.) Heat the flask in an oil or airbath at 100C and pass through it a current of steam; w

10、ith thesteam still passing through, raise the temperature of the bath to130C. Catch the distillate in a small separatory funnel;continue distillation until 300 mL of water have been obtained.Portions of this water may be drawn from the cock of theseparatory funnel from time to time, but care must be

11、 taken notto draw out any of the volatile solvent.6.2 Let the distillate stand until it separates into two layers,then draw off the water and filter the volatile solvent through adry filter paper into a dry flask. If the solvent is apparentlyturpentine, examine the distillate in accordance with Colo

12、r,1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials.Current edition approved July 1, 2014. Published July 2014. Original

13、ly approvedin 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D2349 90 (2009). DOI:10.1520/D2349-90R14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards

14、 Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, AmericanChemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American C

15、hemical Society, see Analar Standards for LaboratoryChemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,MD.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 194

16、28-2959. United States1Odor, Specific Gravity, Refractive Index and Distillation sec-tions of Test Methods D233. If the solvent is a mixture ofturpentine and petroleum spirits, an approximate determinationof the amount of turpentine may be made in accordance withthe Polymerization sections of Test M

17、ethods D233. (It shouldbe noted that turpentine is slightly soluble in water, about 0.3to 0.4 mL/100 mL of water.)6.3 To test for benzene, add a few drops of the distillate toa small quantity of a mixture of HNO3(sp gr 1.42) and H2SO4(sp gr 1.84) and heat cautiously. The characteristic odor ofnitrob

18、enzene will be noted if benzene is present.NOTE 1Toluene may give a similar odor.6.4 If the solvent is apparently all petroleum spirits, nofurther examination is necessary unless further information isdesired.6.5 When the amount of turpentine in the solvent is so smallthat its presence is questionab

19、le, it may be detected by placing2 drops of the distillate and 2 to 3 mL of chloroform in a drytest tube and adding 1 drop of SbCl5. A slow or slight changein color indicates the absence of turpentine. A rapid change incolor to a dark red or purple indicates the possibility ofturpentine. The iodine

20、number for turpentine by the Wijsmethod under these conditions is approximately 340.An iodinenumber of 20 or over is additional proof of the presence ofturpentine and enables calculation of the approximate amount.7. Keywords7.1 hydrocarbon solvent; solvent compositionASTM International takes no posi

21、tion respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibili

22、ty.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to AST

23、M International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address

24、shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 90 (2014)2