ASTM D2570-2010 Standard Test Method for Simulated Service Corrosion Testing of Engine Coolants《发动机冷却剂的模拟使用腐蚀标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: D2570 10Standard Test Method forSimulated Service Corrosion Testing of Engine Coolants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2570; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio

2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method evaluates the effect of a circulatingengine coolant on metal test specimens and automotive coolingsystem componen

3、ts under controlled, essentially isothermallaboratory conditions.1.2 This test method specifies test material, cooling systemcomponents, type of coolant, and coolant flow conditions thatare considered typical of current automotive use.1.3 The values stated in foot-pound-second units are to beregarde

4、d as the standard. The values given in parentheses (SIunits) are approximate equivalents for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safet

5、y and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-tionary statements are given in Section 6.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1121 Test Method for Reserve Alkalinity of Engine Cool-ants and AntirustsD1176 Practice for Sampling a

6、nd Preparing Aqueous Solu-tions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing PurposesD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1287 Test Method for pH of Engine Coolants and Anti-rustsD1384 Test Method for Corrosion Test for Engine Coolantsin GlasswareD2758 Test Method for Engine Coolants by Engine Dyna-

7、mometerD2847 Practice for Testing Engine Coolants in Car andLight Truck ServiceD3306 Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant forAutomobile and Light-Duty ServiceD4985 Specification for Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol BaseEngine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines Requiring aPre-Charge of Supplemental C

8、oolant Additive (SCA)2.2 SAE Standard:3SAE J20e Standard for Coolant System Hoses2.3 ASTM Adjuncts:Coolant reservoir (1 drawing)Framework for test equipment (3 drawings and B/M)3. Summary of Test Method3.1 An engine coolant is circulated for 1064 h at 190F(88C) in a flow loop consisting of a metal r

9、eservoir, anautomotive coolant pump, an automotive radiator, and connect-ing rubber hoses. Test specimens representative of enginecooling system metals are mounted inside the reservoir, whichsimulates an engine cylinder block. At the end of the testperiod, the corrosion-inhibiting properties of the

10、coolant aredetermined by measuring the mass losses of the test specimensand by visual examination of the interior surfaces of thecomponents.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method, by a closer approach to engine coolingsystem conditions, provides better evaluation and selectivescreening of engin

11、e coolants than is possible from glasswaretesting (Test Method D1384). The improvement is achieved bycontrolled circulation of the coolant, by the use of automotivecooling system components, and by a greater ratio of metalsurface area to coolant volume.4.2 Although this test method provides improved

12、 discrimi-nation, it cannot conclusively predict satisfactory corrosioninhibition and service life. If greater assurance of satisfactoryperformance is desired, it should be obtained from full-scaleengine tests (Test Method D2758) and from field testing inactual service (Practice D2847).4.3 Significa

13、nce and interpretation of the test and its limi-tations are discussed further in Appendix X1.4.4 If this test method is used as a qualification test forSpecification D3306 and Specification D4985, the recom-mended components listed in Section 5 shall be used. If it is notbeing used for such qualific

14、ation purposes, then suitable1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on EngineCoolants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.09 on SimulatedService Tests.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published January 2011. Originallyapproved in 1966. Last previous

15、edition approved in 2009 as D2570 - 09. DOI:10.1520/D2570-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.

16、3Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Dr.,Warrendale, PA 15096.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.substitution components may be used, if agreed upon betweenthe contracting parties.5. Apparatu

17、s5.1 ReservoirAn assembly drawing of this component4isshown in Fig. 1. The material of construction, representing thatof the engine cylinder block, shall be SAE G3500 Gray Iron forAutomotive Castings.5Install a right angle fitting on the top ofthe reservoir for attachment of an air line. Install a s

18、hutoffvalve in the air line to avoid backing up the solution into thepressure hose.5.2 Automotive ComponentsThese shall be those nor-mally used with a 4, 6, or 8-cylinder automobile engine used incurrent automobiles in the United States, in the 1.6 to 5.0-L (98to 305-in.3) range of piston displaceme

19、nt. General character-istics shall be as follows:5.2.1 RadiatorBrass, GM part No. 3056740 (cross flow),with coolant recovery tank. An aluminum radiator, GM partNo. 3093506, may be used subject to mutual agreement of theparties involved.5.2.2 Radiator Pressure CapNormally open 12 to 15 psi(80 to 100

20、kPa), GM part No. 6410427.5.2.3 Coolant Pump5GM part No. 14033483 (aluminummatching front end cover). GM part No. 14033526 (aluminumprovides back cover), coolant discharge parts and mounting forpump.5.2.4 Coolant OutletGM part No. 14033198 (aluminum).5.2.5 HosesReinforced elastomer, meeting the requ

21、ire-ments of SAE J20e.65.2.6 Hose ClampsPreferably worm-screw type (constanttension may be used).5.2.7 Hose Sight TubeA borosilicate glass sight tube shallbe installed in the top radiator hose. The tube should have aslight bead on each end. (The primary purpose of the sight tubeis to see that there

22、is entrained air in the system.)5.3 Pipe FittingsThe preferred material for the fittingsrequired in the hose connections between pump discharge portsand reservoir inlet is malleable cast iron. A satisfactoryalternative is steel.5.4 Electric Motor112 hp (1.1 kW) or larger, drip-proof orexplosion-proo

23、f in accordance with local safety regulations.5.5 Pulleys and Drive BeltSized to drive the pump ataspeed that will produce a flow rate of 20 to 25 gal/min (1.3 to1.6 L/s) for the General Motors 173-in.3(2.8-L) V-6 engine.The flow rate may be determined by a flow measurementdevice7located between pum

24、p discharge and reservoir inlet, asindicated in Fig. 2. The pressure drop between pump dischargeand reservoir inlet, measured by the pressure gages shown inFig. 2, must be maintained when the flow measurement deviceis removed from the system. This can be done by substitutingfor the flow measurement

25、device a variable-flow restriction,such as a valve, which can be adjusted to produce the samepressure drop as that measured across the flow measurementdevice at the specified flow rate.5.6 Electric HeaterAbout 2000 W, either a hot plate8installed under the reservoir or a circumferential, metal-cladh

26、eater band9around the reservoir.5.7 ThermoregulatorA suitable temperature regulator10shall be used to maintain the coolant temperature between thelimits specified by 9.3. The sensing unit of the regulator shallbe installed in an opening on the reservoir cover.5.8 Temperature Measuring DeviceAn instr

27、ument11ca-pable of indicating coolant temperature to the nearest 1F or1C shall be installed in an opening on the reservoir cover.5.9 FrameworkA suitable framework shall be used tomount all the components as a unit.126. Safety Precautions6.1 ReservoirProtection against bursting shall be pro-vided, ei

28、ther by a pressure-relief valve on the cover or by asafety enclosure.6.2 Pump DriveAsafety guard for the coolant pump drivebelt and pulleys shall be provided.6.3 ElectricalElectrical circuits required for operation ofmotor, heater, and thermoregulator shall be installed withsuitable precautions agai

29、nst electrical shock to operating per-sonnel in the event of accidental spills of electrically conduc-tive liquids.6.4 ThermalProtection of operating personnel againstburns from exposed metal surfaces, especially those of theheater, shall be provided.6.5 PlumbingProtection of operating personnel aga

30、instburns or scalds from hot fluid escaping from burst hoses orfailed plumbing connections shall be provided.7. Metal Test SpecimensNOTE 1The specimens prescribed for this test method have beenaccepted by automobile manufacturers and are required for SpecificationsD3306 and D4985 qualification. Curr

31、ent production vehicles may havediffering alloy. Therefore, specimens other than those designated in thistest method may be used by mutual agreement of the parties involved.7.1 The description, specification, preparation, cleaning,and weighing of the metal test specimens to be used in this testmetho

32、d are given in detail in Test Method D1384. However,the solid solder specimen allowed as an alternative in Test4Detail drawings are available from ASTM International Headquarters. OrderAdjunct No.ADJ257001. Original adjunct produced in 1982. Reservoirs of cast ironor cast aluminum, made in accordanc

33、e with these drawings, may be obtained fromCommercial Machine Service, 1099 TouhyAve., Elk Grove Village, IL 60007, (847)806-1901.5Aluminum or iron may be used if mutually agreed upon between the partiesinvolved.6Gates “Vulco Straight” bulk-length radiator hose, Product Type 4178, has beenfound sati

34、sfactory. Equivalent radiator hoses may be used.7Fischer and Porter Series 10A2235A Ratosight Flow Rate Indicator, 4 to 50gal/min (0.3 to 3.0 L/s), of bronze construction, has been found satisfactory.Equivalent flow measuring devices may be used.8Chromalox No. ROPH-204 has been found satisfactory. E

35、quivalent hot platesmay be used.9Chromalox No. HB-8415 has been found satisfactory. Equivalent heater bandsmay be used.10Chromalox No. AR-2524P has been found satisfactory. Equivalent ther-moregulators may be used.11Fischer Scientific No. 15-076D and Weston No. 2261 dial-type thermometershave been f

36、ound satisfactory. Equivalent thermometers may be used.12Detail and assembly drawings of a suitable framework and arrangement ofcomponents thereon are available from ASTM International Headquarters. OrderAdjunct No. ADJ257002. Original adjunct produced in 1982.D2570 102Method D1384 shall not be used

37、 in this test method, as it hasbeen known to bend and contact an adjoining specimen.Specimens containing high lead solder, or low lead solder, orboth, may be used subject to mutual agreement of the partiesinvolved.NOTE 2The procedure for the cleaning of aluminum alloy couponswas changed in 1995 to e

38、liminate the use of chromic acid, a recognizedhealth hazard.7.2 ArrangementThe metal test specimens shall be drilledthrough the center with a1764-in. (6.8-mm) drill to accommo-date a 212-in. (65-mm) 1024 brass machine screw coveredwith a thin-walled insulating sleeve. Polytetrafluoroethylenetubing w

39、ith a14-in. (6.4-mm) outside diameter and a wallthickness of164 in. (0.4 mm) is satisfactory. The standard test“bundle” shall be assembled on the insulated screw with thespecimens in the following order, starting from the screw head:copper, solder, brass, steel, cast iron, and cast aluminum. Thespec

40、imens shall be separated by316-in. (5-mm) thick solidmetal and insulating spacers having a1764-in (6.8-mm) insidediameter and a 7.16-in. (11-mm) outside diameter. Brassspacers shall be used between the copper, solder, and brassspecimens, and steel spacers between the steel, cast iron, andcast alumin

41、um specimens. Insulating spacers made from poly-tetrafluoroethylene shall be used between the screw head andthe copper specimen, between the brass and steel specimens,and between the cast aluminum specimen and a brass nut. Thenut shall be tightened firmly to ensure good electrical contactbetween the

42、 test specimens in each section of the bundle. Asshown in Fig. 3, each bundle shall be positioned on a bracketmounted on the cap of the reservoir and fastened in place withanother brass nut; the 2-in. (50-mm) dimensions of the testspecimens shall be horizontal when inserted into the reservoir.8. Tes

43、t Solution8.1 The coolant to be tested shall be a 44 % by volumeglycol-based coolant prepared with corrosive water (Note 3).The corrosive water shall contain 100 ppm each of sulfate,chloride, and bicarbonate ions introduced as the sodium salts.Preparation of the sample shall be done in accordance wi

44、thSection 6 of Test Method D1176, with corrosive water used forFIG. 1 ReservoirD2570 103dilution. Thus, any insoluble materials will be included in therepresentative sample.13NOTE 3The specified corrosive water can be prepared by dissolvingthe following amounts of anhydrous sodium salts in a quantit

45、y of distilledor deionized water:Sodium sulfate 148 mgSodium chloride 165 mgSodium bicarbonate 138 mgThe resulting solution should be made up to a volume of 1 L withdistilled or deionized water at 20C.If relatively large amounts of corrosive water are needed for testing, aconcentrate may be prepared

46、 by dissolving ten times the above amounts ofthe three chemicals, in distilled or deionized water, and adjusting the totalvolume to 1 L by further additions of distilled or deionized water. Whenneeded, the corrosive water concentrate is diluted to the ratio of one partby volume of concentrate to nin

47、e parts of distilled or deionized water.NOTE 4The test solution concentration of 44 % by volume wasselected to improve the precision of the test method. Previously, theconcentration had been 33 % by volume. The precision of the test, bothintra-laboratory and inter-laboratory, improved at the higher

48、concentra-tion. Using this test at concentrations lower than the 44 % will result in adecrease in precision, with a corresponding need to evaluate any test limitsselected for use in a specification.9. Test Conditions9.1 AssemblyThe essential arrangement of the reservoir,radiator, coolant pump, and c

49、onnecting hoses is shown in Fig.2. The gasketed coolant outlet is bolted to the reservoir cover.9.2 Coolant FlowThe coolant flow shall be maintained at23 6 1 gal/min (1.3 to 1.6 L/s).13Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D15-1001.FIG. 2 Assembly of Test ApparatusD2570 1049.3 TemperatureThe test coolant shall be maintained at atemperature of 190 6 5F (88 6 3C) throughout the testexcept during shutdown periods.9.4 DurationThe test shall be run for 152 h/wee