1、Designation: D2632 01 (Reapproved 2014)Standard Test Method forRubber PropertyResilience by Vertical Rebound1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2632; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las
2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determi
3、nation of impactresilience of solid rubber from measurement of the verticalrebound of a dropped mass.1.2 This test method is not applicable to the testing ofcellular rubbers or coated fabrics.1.3 A standard test method for impact resilience and pen-etration of rubber by a rebound pendulum is describ
4、ed in TestMethod D1054.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this st
5、andard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD832 Practice for Rubber Conditioning For Low Tempera-ture TestingD1054 T
6、est Method for Rubber PropertyResilience Usinga Goodyear-Healey Rebound Pendulum (Withdrawn2010)3D1349 Practice for RubberStandard Temperatures forTestingD1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD3182 Practice for RubberMaterials, Equipment, and Pro-cedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and PreparingStan
7、dard Vulcanized SheetsD3183 Practice for RubberPreparation of Pieces for TestPurposes from ProductsD4483 Practice for Evaluating Precision for Test MethodStandards in the Rubber and Carbon Black ManufacturingIndustries2.2 Other Documents:4ISO-10012-1 Quality Assurance Requirements for Measur-ing Equ
8、ipmentPart 1: Metrological Confirmation Sys-tem for Measuring Equipment5ANSI/NCSL-Z540-1 American National Standard forCalibrationCalibration Laboratories and Measuring andTest EquipmentGeneral Requirements63. Summary of Test Method3.1 Resilience is determined as the ratio of rebound heightto drop h
9、eight of a metal plunger of prescribed mass and shapewhich is allowed to fall on the rubber specimen.4. Significance and Use4.1 Resilience is a function of both dynamic modulus andinternal friction of a rubber. It is very sensitive to temperaturechanges and to depth of penetration of the plunger.Con
10、sequently, resilience values from one type of reboundinstrument may not, in general, be predicted from results onanother type of rebound instrument.4.2 This test method is used for development and compari-son of materials. It may not directly relate to end-use perfor-mance.1This test method is under
11、 the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D11 on Rubberand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D11.14 on Time and Temperature-Dependent Physical Properties (Disbanded 9/2013).Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2014. Published February 2014. Originallyapproved in 1967. Last previous edition approved
12、 in 2008 as D2632 01 (2008).DOI: 10.1520/D2632-01R14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The las
13、t approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4This test method previously referenced MIL-STD-4662a Military Standard:Calibration System Requirements, which was subsequently canceled by the Depart-ment of Defense in February 1995. These are the DoD recommended replaceme
14、ntdocuments.5Available from the International Organization for Standardization, 1 rue deVaremb, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland.6Available from the American National Standards Institute, 25 W. 43rd St., 4thFloor, New York, NY 10036.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive
15、, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15. Apparatus5.1 A diagram of the essential features and dimensions ofthe apparatus appears in Fig. 1. It includes means for suspend-ing a plunger at a given height above the specimen, its release,and measuring the subsequent rebound heig
16、ht.5.1.1 Each resilience instrument shall have a unique identi-fication number assigned and permanently and visibly im-printed or affixed upon it.5.2 The plunger dimensions are also given in Fig. 1. Itsmass shall be 28 6 0.5 g.5.3 The height of the drop point and of the resilience scaleabove the bas
17、e of the instrument shall be adjustable so that thedrop height is always 400 6 1mm(166 0.04 in.) above thespecimen surface. The resilience scale shall be marked in 100equally spaced divisions.5.3.1 The top of the plunger should be in line with 100 onthe scale when the plunger is locked in the elevat
18、ed position.Some models of the apparatus do not meet this requirement,but may be modified to do so.5.4 The descent of the plunger and its ensuing ascent(rebound) is guided by a vertical rod (plunger guide). In orderto minimize friction between the plunger and the vertical rod,a means shall be provid
19、ed for leveling the base of theinstrument and adjusting the perpendicularity of the verticalrod to the instrument base.5.4.1 The bottom of the vertical rod shall havea4mmdiameter sharp point formed by a 60 angle, to secure thelocation of the bottommost end of the vertical rod. This pointshould inden
20、t the test specimen, providing a secure location forthe free end of the guide rod.5.4.2 The plunger shall be allowed to rest at the lowest pointof travel and act as a guide to position the rod in the center ofthe stabilizer, as is visually practical under 10 magnification,as it is lowered onto the t
21、est specimen.FIG. 1 Vertical Rebound ApparatusD2632 01 (2014)25.5 An opaque shield may be mounted between the operatorand the plunger scale to be used for pass-fail test determina-tions. In use, the shield is adjusted so that its upper edge (orcentral-most graduation within a range) is even with the
22、desired test determination. If the top of the rebounding plungeris visible above the shield (or within graduations demarcatinga predetermined range of acceptability), the specimen passes.6. Test Specimen6.1 Mixing, sheeting, and curing shall be performed inaccordance with Practices D3182 and D3183,
23、unless otherwisespecified.6.2 The standard test specimen shall have a thickness of12.5 6 0.5 mm (0.50 6 0.02 in.). The specimen shall be cutfrom a slab or specifically molded so that the point of plungerimpact is a minimum distance of 14 mm (0.55 in.) from theedge of the specimen.6.2.1 Any variation
24、 from the standard test specimen shall bereported (see 11.3).6.3 Alternative specimens may be prepared by plyingsamples cut from a standard test slab. These samples shall beplied, without cementing, to the thickness required. Such pliesshall be smooth, flat, and of uniform thickness. The resultsobta
25、ined with these specimens will not necessarily be identicalwith those obtained using a solid specimen of the samematerial and state of cure.6.3.1 A thin specimen reaches a higher state of cure at agiven time and temperature of cure than does a thickerspecimen. Therefore, if plied specimens are used,
26、 their curetime should be appropriately lower than that of unpliedspecimens used for comparison.6.4 Specimens may be prepared from finished products bycutting and buffing to the required dimensions, making surethat the opposing faces are parallel and that grain direction,where applicable, is uniform
27、.6.4.1 When buffing is required, it is recommended that onlyone side be buffed and the unbuffed side tested or, if both sidesmust be buffed, comparisons should not be made betweenbuffed and unbuffed specimens.7. Calibration7.1 All materials, instruments, or equipment used for thedetermination of for
28、ce, mass, or dimension in the calibration ofthis instrument or mechanical spring calibration device shall betraceable to the National Institute for Standards and Technol-ogy (NIST) or other internationally recognized organizationparallel in nature and scope.7.2 Calibration Device:7.2.1 A mechanical
29、spring calibration device (see Fig. 2)shall be used to calibrate this instrument.77.2.2 The force required to fully compress the spring, priorto being mounted in the receptacle, shall be 8.06 6 0.081 N(822 6 8.22 g).7.2.3 The mechanical spring calibration device shall have aunique identification num
30、ber assigned and permanently andvisibly imprinted or affixed upon it.7.2.4 The resilience values assigned to an instrument usingthe mechanical spring calibration device shall be established atthe time of calibration.7.3 Calibration Procedure:7.3.1 The instrument shall be situated on a flat, level,vi
31、bration-free platform. The instrument shall be adjusted sothat it is plumb and level, verified either by the integral level orby an external device designed for this purpose and inaccordance with the manufacturers instructions.7.3.2 Perpendicularity of the vertical rod (plunger guide) tothe support
32、surface shall be verified by a device designed forthis purpose and in accordance with the manufacturers instruc-tions.7.3.3 The dimensions and mass of the plunger (see 5.2 andFig. 1), the scale graduations, height of the drop point, and ofthe resilience scale above the base of the instrument (see 5.
33、3and Fig. 1) shall be verified by devices designed for thispurpose.7.3.4 The calibration procedure shall be performed in thestandard laboratory atmosphere as defined in Practice D618.The instrument, mechanical spring calibration device, and anyinstrument or equipment used in the calibration procedur
34、e shallequilibrate at the standard laboratory temperature for a mini-mum of 12 h prior to performing the calibration.7.3.5 Situate the mechanical spring calibration device se-curely in the instrument as described in Section 5 and inaccordance with the manufacturers instructions.7.3.6 Make three sets
35、 of five readings, averaging each set.Each set becomes a test determination. Average the three testdeterminations to the nearest whole number. This wholenumber becomes the resilience calibration value for the instru-ment.7.3.7 The instrument shall be considered in calibration if theresilience calibr
36、ation value is within 62 points of the resiliencecalibration value established for the mechanical spring calibra-tion device.7The calibration device is available from Wilson-Shore Instrument Company,Division of Instron Corporation, 100 Royall St., Canton, MA 02021, or from CCSi,Inc., 1145 Highbrook
37、Ave., Suite 500, Akron, OH 44301.FIG. 2 Spring Calibration DeviceD2632 01 (2014)37.3.8 The resilience calibration value is assigned to themechanical spring calibration device by the manufacturer or bythe calibration service supplier using an identical resilienceinstrument, following the procedure ou
38、tlined herein.7.3.9 If the instrument is provided with a mechanical springdevice, this device shall have a resilience calibration valueassigned, following the procedure outlined herein. This devicemay be used to determine the state of calibration of theinstrument during routine testing at a frequenc
39、y determined bythe user. It shall not be used as a calibration device.7.3.10 Calibration frequencies and calibration recordsshould be kept in accordance with procedures outlined in thedocuments described in 2.2 or as required by the usersproprietary quality system.7.4 The calibration report shall co
40、ntain the following infor-mation:7.4.1 Date of calibration.7.4.2 Date of last calibration.7.4.3 Manufacturer, type, model, and serial number of theinstrument.7.4.4 Manufacturer, type, model, and serial number of themechanical spring calibration devices.7.4.5 Values obtained (pre- and post-calibratio
41、n results),following the procedure outlined in 7.3.7.4.6 Ambient temperature.7.4.7 Relative humidity.7.4.8 Technician identification.7.4.9 Applicable standards to which the instrument is cali-brated.7.4.10 Calibrating instrument information to include type,serial number, manufacturer, date of last c
42、alibration, and astatement of traceability of standards used to NIST or otheracceptable organization. See 7.1.8. Test Temperature8.1 Test procedures shall be performed in the standardlaboratory atmosphere as defined in Practice D618 unlessotherwise agreed upon between customer and supplier orbetween
43、 laboratories.8.2 The instrument and test specimens shall be conditionedin the standard laboratory atmosphere as described in PracticeD618 unless otherwise agreed upon between customer andsupplier or between laboratories.8.3 When test procedures are conducted at temperatures orconditions other than
44、those specified in 8.1 and 8.2, they shallbe chosen from those enumerated in Practices D618, D832,orD1349 and the procedures described therein shall be followedunless otherwise agreed upon between customer and supplieror between laboratories.9. Procedure9.1 Level the instrument (see 7.3.1) and raise
45、 the plunger tothe top of its guide rod.9.2 Position the resilience scale (see 5.3) so that its full massrests upon the specimen (see 5.3.1). Lock it in this position.9.3 Release the plunger, ensuring that it slides freely on thevertical rod (plunger guide) (see 5.3.1).9.3.1 Lateral force or impact
46、on the guide rod may result inthe hindrance of the descent of the plunger. Do not lubricateany part of the instrument. Always keep a standard testspecimen under the stabilizer when not in use to avoid damageto the plunger.9.4 Test three specimens from the same sample, making sixtest determinations o
47、n each specimen. Refer to TerminologyD1566 for definitions of specimen and sample and to PracticeD4483 for definitions of determinations and results.9.4.1 Do not reposition the specimen once the initial testdetermination has been made.9.4.2 Do not record the first three test determinations, asthese
48、condition and stabilize the specimen.9.4.3 Record the last three test determinations.10. Calculations10.1 The instrument scale is divided into 100 equal parts,therefore a test determination is equal to the resilience value inpercent.10.2 Average the 4th, 5th, and 6th test determinations (see9.4.3) f
49、rom a specimen to calculate the test result from thespecimen.10.3 Average or alternatively, determine the median, the testresults from the three specimens to the nearest whole number.This whole number is the resilience value of the sample. Themedian may also be used.11. Report11.1 Report the test results from the specimens (see 10.2).11.2 Report the average or alternatively, the median, of thethree test results (see 10.3).11.3 Describe and report any variation from standard testspecimen or standard conditions.12. Precision and Bias12.1 This precision and bias sectio
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