ASTM D2658-2018 Standard Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Fiberboard Boxes.pdf

1、Designation: D2658 04 (Reapproved 2013)D2658 18Standard Test Method forDetermining Interior Dimensions of Fiberboard Boxes (BoxGage Method)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2658; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the ca

2、se of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the interior and exterior dimensions of regul

3、ar slotted or special slotted stylesof single-wall corrugated, double-wall corrugated,corrugated and solid fiberboard boxes.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for informat

4、ion only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the

5、applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby

6、the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D585 Practice for Sampling and Accepting a Single Lot of Paper, Paperboard, Fiberboard, and Related Product (Withdrawn2010)3D685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Products for

7、TestingD996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution EnvironmentsD4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or Packaging Components for TestingD4727/D4727M Specification for Corrugated and Solid Fiberboard Sheet Stock (Container Grade) and Cut ShapesD5118/D5118M Practice for Fabrication

8、of Fiberboard Shipping BoxesE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method2.2 ANSI Standard:3B46.1 Surface Texture Surface Roughness, Waviness and Lay2.3 TAPPI Standards:4T400 Sampling and Accepting a Single Lot of Paper, Paperboard, Containerboard,

9、 or Related ProductT827 Box Blank Dimensioning, Test Method2.4 FBA/PMMI:5Tolerances for Corrugated Regular Slotted Containers (RSCs) Voluntary Industry Standard (See also ANSI Technical ReportPMMI B155 TR2.13)2.5 FBA/FEFCO:6Common Footprint Specifications1 This test method is under the jurisdiction

10、of ASTM Committee D10 on Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.27 on Paper and PaperboardProductsFiberboard Shipping Containers, Containerboard and Related Structures and Materials.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013May 1, 2018. Published November 2013August 2018. Original

11、ly approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2009 asD2658 04 (2009).(2013). DOI: 10.1520/D2658-04R13.10.1520/D2658-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information

12、, refer to the standardsstandards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.4 Available from Technological Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI), 15 Technolog

13、y Parkway South, Suite 115, Peachtree Corners, GA 30092,http:/www.tappi.org.5 Available from the Fibre Box Association Suite 985, 500 Park Blvd, Itasca, IL 60143, or PPMI 11911 Freedom Dr #600, Reston, VA 20190.6 Available from the FBA and FEFCO (European Federation of Corrugated Manufacturers) Aven

14、ue Louise 250, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM

15、 recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.6 GMA/

16、ISO:7Standard Pallet Size (most common)3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsGeneral terms in this test method are defined in Terminology D996.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 blankflat sheet of containerboard or combined board that has been cut, scored and slotted as preliminary oper

17、ations tomaking a box.3.2.2 calipercontainerboard or combined board thickness.3.2.3 depththe distance between the innermost surfaces of the box measured perpendicular to the length and width.3.2.4 exterior dimensionsthe measurement of the outer most surfaces of the length, width and depth of a box.3

18、.2.5 fishtail (or skew)variation in the width of the manufacturers joint, the difference between the width of top and bottomgaps measured at the score line.3.2.6 interior dimensionsthe shortest distances between opposite walls.walls of a box.3.2.7 KD box knock down (flat)a box blank that has been fo

19、lded and the manufacturers joint has been sealed but which hasnot been erected.3.2.8 lengththe larger of the two dimensions of the open face.face of a box.3.2.9 panela face or side of a box3.2.10 regular slottedone-piece box with all flaps the same length and outer flaps meeting. Inner flaps may or

20、may not meet,but do not overlap.3.2.11 slota cut made to remove a narrow strip of material in a fiberboard sheet in order to form flaps and facilitate foldingwithout bulging while making a box.3.2.12 special slottedone-piece box with all flaps meeting or not meeting but not overlapping.3.2.13 widtht

21、he lesser of the two dimensions of the open face.face of a box.4. Significance and Use4.1 The interior dimensions Dimensions are important properties in the general construction of a box, and accurate methods ofmeasurement are required for research work, routine control, and acceptance testing for c

22、onformance to specifications. Forcontainerspackages to carry and protect their contents effectively and efficiently, the containers boxes and interior components mustbe of proper and uniform size. This method involves a degree of human judgment and assumes careful and accurate placementand reading o

23、f specified apparatus.properly and consistently sized. Correctly dimensioned and well-made boxes can be more easilyset up by hand or be erected using automatic equipment. “Square” boxes (rectangular parallelepipeds) will stack better to acceptload and improve stability during storage and shipment.4.

24、1.1 Interior dimensions of boxes are critical when the contents of the box are intended to fill or nearly fill the box with littleunused side and head space. The inside dimension by tape method are the size values most often cited in box design (see 9.1, andTAPPI T827). The interior size of a box ca

25、n be estimated from the score to score measurements when the scoring allowance istaken into account (see Appendix X2). The actual inside dimensions can be measured directly using the box gauge method (see9.2). Either method can be used to measure interior box dimensions.4.1.2 Exterior dimensions may

26、 be the critical design criteria when attempting to optimize use of the shipping platform area andoverall stack height based on transportation and storage limitations. Exterior dimensions are also key design elements when makingcommon footprint boxes.5 The exterior dimensions of a box can be measure

27、d directly using the exterior dimensions by tape method(see Appendix X1).4.2 Method A, Measuring a Lot Quantity of BoxesThis method determines if a lot (i.e., (that is, production run) is withinspecified tolerance for each dimension (length, width, and depth). depth as are shown in Practice D5118/D5

28、118M). A minimumof five specimens are measured. The test result for each dimension is the individual measurements of that dimension on allspecimens. Ifspecimens (see 9.3any test result is outside of a specified tolerance, that box specimen should be re-measured usingMethod B to determine final test

29、results.).4.3 Method B, Measuring Single BoxesdeterminesDetermines if one particular box is within specified tolerance for eachdimension. The test result for each dimension is the average of all measurements of that dimension.dimension (see 9.4).7 Available from ISO Central Secretariat, Chemin de Bl

30、andonnet 8, CP 401-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland (historic document from Grocery ManufacturersAssociation).D2658 1825. Apparatus5.1 Measuring Equipment, Types of Apparatus: consisting of two flat metal plates mounted on each end and at right angles toa telescoping spacing bar (Fig. 1).5.1.1 For

31、Box Dimensions by Tape Method (see 9.1)Use a standard metal or similar measuring tape with resolution to at least116 in. (1.6 mm) and a straight edge that exceeds than the nominal width or depth dimension of the box (whichever is longer).5.1.2 Estimating Interior Box Dimensions by Tape Method (see A

32、ppendix X2)Use a standard metal or similar measuring tapewith resolution to at least 116 in. (1.6 mm).5.1.3 Metal PlatesInterior Box Dimensions by Method (see 9.2) The metal plates shall be not less than Use 316 in. (4.76mm) thick and shall have length and width dimensions of 4 by 3 in. (102 by 76 m

33、m) with a maximum surface roughness heightof 64 in. (1.63 m), in accordance with ANSI B46.1. All sharp edges shall be relieved and corners shall be rounded withapproximately a gauge specific to this standard. 14-in. (6.35-mm) radius. The plates shall be mounted firmly at each end of thetelescoping b

34、ar and must be parallel to each other within 0.02 in. (0.5 mm).The gauge involves a degree of human judgment andassumes careful and accurate placement and reading of specified apparatus.5.1.3.1 Measuring Equipment, consisting of two flat metal plates mounted on each end and at right angles to a tele

35、scopingspacing bar (Fig. 1).(1) Metal PlatesThe metal plates shall be not less than 316 in. (4.8 mm) thick and shall have length and width dimensionsof 4 by 3 in. (102 by 76 mm) with a maximum surface roughness height of 64 in. (1.63 m), in accordance with ANSI B46.1.All sharp edges shall be relieve

36、d and corners shall be rounded with approximately 14-in. (6.35-mm) radius. The plates shall bemounted firmly at each end of the telescoping bar and must be parallel to each other within 0.02 in. (0.5 mm).(2) Spacing BarProvision shall be made for adjusting and locking the spacing bar at the linear d

37、istance between the two planesurfaces. If the spacing bar incorporates a built-in scale for convenience in reading measurements, it shall be accurate to one halfof the minimum measurement unit; that is, if the minimum measurement unit is 116 in. (1.6 mm), the instrument must be accurateto 116 in. (1

38、.6 mm), etc.(3) Size and Weight RangesCorrect weight of the measuring instrument is important. Weights of instruments for three basicsize ranges shall conform to the specifications given in Table 1.5.1.2 Spacing Bar Provision shall be made for adjusting and locking the spacing bar at the linear dist

39、ance between the twoplane surfaces. If the spacing bar incorporates a built-in scale for convenience in reading measurements, it shall be accurate to onehalf of the minimum measurement unit; that is, if the minimum measurement unit is 116 in. (1.6 mm), the instrument must beaccurate to 132 in. (0.8

40、mm), etc.5.2 Size and Weight RangesCorrect weight of the measuring instrument is important. Weights of instruments for three basicsize ranges shall conform to the specifications given in Table 1.6. Sampling6.1 Select specimens at random in accordance with good practice or sampling procedures.6.2 Box

41、es used for measurement should first be inspected to see if they meet quality requirements for “squareness” (seeVoluntary Standards Tolerances). If “square” boxes are not available to be measured this outcome should be clearly shown inNOTE 1This device has limited commercial availability; however, s

42、ufficient detail has been provided to have one constructed by a typical metal orequipment fabrication shop.NOTE 2The unit shown covers the middle range from 10 to 18 in. (254 to 457 mm). Rounded knurled knob at upper left is lifted to set gagegaugeto the nearest full unit measurement below box dimen

43、sion. Knurled knob at lower left is used to lock extension rod in place. Adjusting nut at right endmoves right end plate to proper tension against side of box. Fractions of unit measurement over initial adjustment are read at right end scale. Readingshown is 12516 in.FIG. 1 Detail of MeasuringGauge

44、EquipmentD2658 183the test report. If the boxes to be measured cannot be set up so that the opposing panels and the tops and bottoms are parallel planes,then meaningful measurement is impossible for the box gauge method (see 9.3). Exterior box measurements for out of squareboxes also have limited ut

45、ility and should not be reported without notation that the test box(es) were not “square.” While theinterior tape measure method (see 9.2) can return valid dimensions when erect boxes are not “square,” the issue of poor squarenessis an over-riding concern. Only “square” boxes should be measured for

46、dimensions. If many or most boxes are not “square,” thisis a separate quality issue from box dimensions (see Practice D5118/D5118M, Section 6.6 on Workmanship).6.2.1 SlotsShould be centered on the aligning scores (to within 116 in. of score center) and slots should end on the score, ornot go beyond

47、the perpendicular score by more than 18 in. If the boxes have short slots (that do not abut the score line), the boxcannot be properly set up and a new box should be selected.6.2.2 Score Lines at the Manufacturers JointWhen a KD (Knock Down) box is folded into a flat plane, the panels on eachside of

48、 the manufactures joint should be collinear when compared to one another. If the panel edges do not form a continuous line,the box is out of square. The dimensions will then be different, depending on where they are measured.6.2.3 Skew/Fish Tail at the Manufacturers JointThe minimum allowable gap at

49、 either end of the manufacturers joint is 116of an inch. If the gap is less, the blank is likely to bind during erection into a box. The difference between the width of the topand bottom gaps (at the score line) should not exceed 18, or the box will not be square and dimensions will vary with point ofmeasurement.7. Test Specimens7.1 Method A, Measuring a Lot Quantity of BoxesBoxes:7.1.1 In no instance shall fewer than five specimens be measured and taken as representative of the lot.7.1.2 For large lots, a formal sa