ASTM D2944-1971(1998) Standard Test Method of Sampling Processed Peat Materials《泥炭加工材料的抽样标准操作规程》.pdf

1、Designation: D 2944 71 (Reapproved 1998)Standard Test Method ofSampling Processed Peat Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2944; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.

2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers procedures for obtainingsamples for use in the determination of moisture, ash, andorganic matter; volume; p

3、H; volume weights, water-holdingcapacity, and air capacity of water-saturated peat materials;total nitrogen; particle size range; and sand content of pro-cessed peat materials.21.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsi

4、bility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 2607 Classification of Peats, Mosses, Humus, and Re-lated Products33. Significance and Use3.1

5、This test method provides a uniform procedure forobtaining relatively homogeneous samples when obtainedfrom a multiplicity of sources.4. Apparatus4.1 Slotted Tube, single or double, or slotted tube and rod,all with pointed ends and a minimum 1-in. (25-mm) diameter.The Pennsylvania State Forage Sampl

6、er is a satisfactory coresampler.5. Procedure5.1 Take a representative sample from the lot or shipment asfollows:5.1.1 Packaged or Baled PeatsLay the bag or balehorizontally and remove the core diagonally from end to end.Determine the number of cores as follows: from lots of 1 to 10bags, sample all

7、bags; from lots of 11 or more, sample 10 bags.Take 1 core from each bag sampled except for lots of 1 to 4bags, take enough diagonal cores from each bag to total at least5 cores.5.1.2 Bulk SamplesDraw at least 10 cores from differentregions.5.1.3 Small Containers (10 lb (4.5 kg) or less)Take theentir

8、e package. Working rapidly to prevent moisture losses,reduce the composite sample to not less than 500 g by weightor 2 L by volume by mixing on a clean oilcloth or paper andquartering. Place sample in an airtight container.5.2 Sampling by random “grab” procedure is necessary ifthe particle size rang

9、e is to be determined or if representativesample cannot be taken with a core sampler.6. Precision and Bias6.1 PrecisionDue to the nature of the soil or rock mate-rials tested by this test method it is either not feasible or toocostly at this time to produce multiple specimens which haveuniform physi

10、cal properties. Any variation observed in the datais just as likely to be due to specimen variation as to operatoror laboratory testing variation. Subcommittee D18.18 wel-comes proposals that would allow for development of a validprecision statement.6.2 BiasThere is no accepted reference value for t

11、his testmethod, therefore, bias cannot be determined.7. Keywords7.1 peat; samples; samplingThe American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connectionwith any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressl

12、y advised that determination of the validity of any suchpatent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, e

13、ither reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee, which you may attend. If you fee

14、l that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make yourviews known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-18 on Soiland Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.18 on Peats and

15、Related Materials.Current edition approved March 18, 1971. Published May 1971. Originallypublished as D2944 71. Last previous edition D 2944 71(1981)e1.2Standards for the sampling of undisturbed peats in situ are presently beingprepared by ASTM Committee D-18.3Discontinued; see 1992 Annual Book of A

16、STM Standards, Vol 04.08.1Copyright ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website (www.astm.org).D 29442