ASTM D2978-2003 Standard Test Method for Volume of Processed Peat Materials《已加工泥炭材料体积的标准测试方法》.pdf

1、Designation: D 2978 03Standard Test Method forVolume of Processed Peat Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2978; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in par

2、entheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the volumeof loose and baled processed peat expressed as cubic feet.21.2 This standard does not purport

3、 to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 653 T

4、erminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and ContainedFluids3D 3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rockas Used in Engineering Design and Construction3E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur-poses33. Summary of Test Method

5、3.1 The test method consists of dividing the particles of peatby passing them through a 12.5-m (12-in.) sieve and allowingthem to fall into a volume-measuring container.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method may be used to quantify the volume ofpeats under consideration in commercial transactio

6、ns.4.2 The quality of the result produced by this standard isdependent on the competence of the personnel performing it,and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used.Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D 3740 are generallyconsidered capable of competent and objective testing/sampl

7、ing/inspection/ and the like. Users of this standard arecautioned that compliance with Practice D 3740 does not initself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on manyfactors; Practice D 3740 provides a means of evaluating someof those factors.5. Apparatus5.1 U. S. Standard Sieve, 12.5-mm

8、12-in.), conforming toSpecification E 11.5.2 Container of steel or wood bound with metal, havingone of the following sets of inside dimensions:5.2.112 ft3= 12 by 12 by 12-in. container with line scribed6 in. from the bottom.5.2.234 ft3= 12 by 12 by 12-in. container with line scribed9 in. from the b

9、ottom.5.2.3 1-ft3= 12 by 12 by 12-in. container.5.2.4 2-ft3= 16 by 16-in. base by 1312-in. height.5.2.5 5-ft3= 16 by 16-in. base by 3334-in. height.6. Procedure6.1 Loose PeatRemove the material from the bag orcontainer, pass it through the 12.5-mm (12-in.) sieve and placedirectly into the measuring

10、box. Pour the contents fromapproximately 2 ft into the measuring box. Determine thecontents of the bag or container only once. The corners of themeasuring box shall be well filled by shaking with a rotarymotion, one rotation per second for 5 s without lifting the boxfrom the floor or other surface.

11、When filled, level it off by astraightedge to determine the volume.6.2 Baled PeatThe volume of baled material shall be theproduct of the height by the area of the base. Measurementsmust be corrected for outside wrappers. Determine the amountof loose peat in a bale by passing through the 12.5-mm (12-

12、in.)sieve and measuring the amount of loose peat using the 12 by12 by 12-in. box and the procedure described in 5.1.7. Report7.1 Report the volume of peat in cubic feet.8. Precision and Bias8.1 PrecisionDue to the nature of the soil or rock mate-rials tested by this method it is either not feasible

13、or too costlyat this time to produce multiple specimens which have uniformphysical properties. Any variation observed in the data is just1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.18 on Peats and RelatedMater

14、ials.Current edition approved July 10, 2003. Published July 2003. Originallyapproved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 297871(1998).2Standards for determining the volume and bulk density of undisturbed, in situpeaks are presently being prepared by Committee D 18.3Annual Book of AS

15、TM Standards, Vol 14.02.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.as likely to be due to specimen variation as to operator orlaboratory testing variation. Subcom

16、mittee D18.18 welcomesproposals that would allow for development of a valid preci-sion statement.8.2 BiasThere is no accepted reference value for this testmethod, therefore, bias cannot be determined.9. Keywords9.1 peat; volume; volume measureSUMMARY OF CHANGESIn accordance with Committee D18 policy

17、 this section identifies the location of changes to this standard sincethe last edition (71(1998) that may impact the use of this standard.(1) Terminology D 653 and Practice D 3740 were added to theReferenced Documents Section.(2) 4.2 was added to the Significance and Use Section.(3) Typographical

18、errors in 5.2.4 and 5.2.5 were corrected.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and th

19、e riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision o

20、f this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should

21、make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D2978032