1、Designation: D 3153 87 (Reapproved 2008)Standard Test Method forRecoatability of Water-Emulsion Floor Polishes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3153; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the effectsof the application of a water-emulsion floor polish over a dr
3、iedcoating of the same polish. The method is designed forlaboratory bench panel testing. A method is also provided forlarge area testing. A rating system is provided to indicate theacceptability of the polish based on recoatability performance.NOTE 1Recoatability of a water-emulsion floor polish is
4、a general-performance property, and the determination of it is dependent upon theobservation of several other properties of the polish under the specificconditions expressed in this test method. This test method for recoatabilityis not designed for the evaluation of other properties, except as these
5、properties relate to the recoatability of the specific polish being evaluatedunder the conditions of this test.1.2 Gloss as observed herein extends only to freedom fromloss of apparent visual gloss upon recoating, in the execution ofthis test method, and should this loss occur, it indicates adistort
6、ion of the property of gloss, by recoating.1.3 A degree of recoatability failure may be reflected from adegree of leveling failure. The failure to level should beobserved only if it is to be a part of the observation ofrecoatability.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety conc
7、erns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 2825 Terminology Relating to Polishes
8、 and Related Ma-terials3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 beadingthe apparent failure of the liquid polish towet out the surface as evidenced by the gathering of the polishinto puddle-like beads.3.1.2 dragthe resistance observed when the wet applica-tor is moved o
9、ver the wet coating, when the polish is beingspread.3.1.3 foamingthe development and persistence of bubblesin the wet polish during application.3.1.4 ghostingthe dissimilar appearance, in transparencyor gloss, of a portion of the coating.3.1.5 streakingthe apparent mark (or marks) that remainsin the
10、 dried film showing the path followed by the applicatorduring the spreading of the liquid polish.3.1.6 whiteningthe development of a white color on orwithin a coating during the drying process, which reduces thefunctioning of a polish to beautify and (possibly) protect floors.4. Summary of Test Meth
11、od4.1 The test method involves the application of floor polishusing, but not restricted to, cheesecloth or lambs woolapplicator for spreading a measured amount of polish, overpreviously applied coatings of the polish. The test methodincludes a fast recoat cycle at 30 min which can also be usedfollow
12、ing manufacturers directions and an extended recoatcycle of seven days. All tests are run on commercial floor tile.5. Significance and Use5.1 The essential practical usage of water-emulsion floorpolishes as renewable coatings to protect and beautify floors,depends upon satisfactory recoatability. Th
13、is test method isuseful both in product development and final product testing,as a means of evaluating recoatability.6. Interferences6.1 The presence of the factory finish, mold-release agents,or other foreign materials on the test surface, prior to the firstapplication of the polish that is to be t
14、ested in accordance withthis method, will cause irregular results. Abrading the surfaceof the test panel or area (for example, by cleaning with anabrasive pad) prior to the first application of the polish, willyield abnormal results. The cleaning formula listed in Footnote3 should be used to remove
15、the above mentioned coatings.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D21 on Polishesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D21.04 on Performance Tests.Current edition approved March 1, 2008. Published April 2008. Originallyapproved in 1972. Last previous edition approv
16、ed in 2002 as D 3153 87 (2002).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International,
17、 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.7. Apparatus7.1 Floor Tile Panels,3black vinyl (homogeneous), 304.8by 304.8 mm (12 by 12 in.).7.2 Floor Tile Area,3black vinyl (homogeneous), 1.2 by0.9 m (4 by 3 ft).7.3 Cheesecloth, clean, completely free of sizing
18、.47.4 Pipet, 5-mL, graduated in 0.2 mL.7.5 Graduate,50mL.7.6 Applicator, lambs wool.57.6.1 Optional applicators include chenille pads and cottonand synthetic mops.NOTE 2Black vinyl composition floor tile panels or black vinylcomposition floor tile area of the same dimensions as stated for the blackv
19、inyl (homogeneous) tile may be used. See Sections 9 and 11 of thismethod for information regarding the selection of test surfaces andreporting of results.8. Conditioning8.1 Average ambient conditions shall be equal for allpolishes and surfaces used, and shall be free of drafts, and shallbe between 1
20、5 and 30C (59 and 86F) with the relativehumidity not in excess of 70 % or below 40 %.9. Procedure9.1 Bench Panel Test:9.1.1 Selection of PanelsSelect either five black vinyl(homogeneous) floor tile panels or five black vinyl compositionfloor tile panels, for each polish under test, basing selection
21、onlike-new condition. Do not intermix these two types of testsurfaces in any one test sequence.9.1.2 Preparation of Test PanelsPrepare five panels foreach polish under test by cleaning with undiluted comparisoncleaning solution described in Footnote 6.6Soak the panelsface to face for 20 min. Using a
22、 soft brush or clean cheesecloth,scrub thoroughly to remove all coatings, soil, etc. Rinsethoroughly with clear water and let dry completely.9.1.3 Application of PolishPrepare a swab 50.8 mm (2in.) square and twelve plies thick, using clean cheesecloth, freeof sizing. Immerse the swab in the test po
23、lish and squeeze outthe excess. Pipet 2.6 ml (Note 3) of the test polish on to thesurface of a test panel, which should be lying level on ahorizontal surface, and spread the polish uniformly, using theswab previously prepared. Repeat for the other four panels.Observe the coatings on all five panels
24、after they have dried for30 min. or following manufacturers directions, under averageambient conditions. Note the similarity. If the appearance ofthe coating on all panels is not uniformly equal, discard thesepanels, and prepare a new group of coated panels using theabove procedure.NOTE 32.5 mL of p
25、olish are used for 12 by 12-in. (304.8 by304.8-mm) panels. 1.4 mL of polish are used for 9 by 9-in. (228.6 by228.6-mm) panels. Test can be performed using polish manufacturersrecommended rate of application.9.1.4 Application of Second CoatThirty minutes afterapplication of the first coat of polish,
26、or following manufac-turers dry time recommendations, take two of the five panelsand apply on each a second coat using the procedure detailedin 9.1.3 for applying and spreading the polish. Record thetemperature and relative humidity. Observe and record anyfoaming of the polish and drag of the applic
27、ator duringapplication and spreading. Observe and record any beading ofthe polish or required additional stroking with applicator to wetout the surface. Allow to dry 2 h, and observe and record anyremoval of the first coat, any whitening, streaking, or ghosting.Observe and record leveling. Visually
28、observe the apparentgloss of the recoated polish, and record the comparison withthe single coat of polish.9.1.5 After allowing them to remain undisturbed for sevendays under average ambient conditions, take two of the threeremaining panels which have a single coat of polish, recoat,using the procedu
29、re given in 9.1.4, making and recordingobservations as directed in that paragraph. Include thoseobservations made after allowing the recoat to dry for 2 h.9.2 Large Area Test:9.2.1 Selection of Test AreasSelect two test areas, eachhaving a minimum size of 1.2 by 0.9 m (4 by 3 ft) of eitherblack viny
30、l (homogeneous) floor tile or black vinyl composi-tion floor tile, for each polish under test, basing selection onlike-new condition. Do not intermix these two types of testsurfaces in any one test sequence.9.2.2 Preparation of Test AreasPrepare each selected testarea by cleaning carefully using und
31、iluted comparison cleaningsolution described in Footnote 66and scrubbing with a softbrush or soft synthetic floor machine pad to remove allcoatings, soil, etc. Rinse thoroughly and let dry completely.9.2.3 Application of PolishFor each polish under test,apply one coat of polish to each of two test a
32、reas with a portionof each area to be recoated, one in 30 min, or followingmanufacturers directions the other in seven days. Prepare alambs wool applicator, chenille applicator or suitable mop bywetting it with the test polish, then squeeze it, allowing noexcess to remain. Pour 30.0 mL (Note 4) of p
33、olish, on the testarea, and spread it uniformly over the test area using theapplicator prepared above. After drying 30 min under averageambient conditions, observe the coatings for uniformity ofgloss and general appearance. If not uniform, clean the test areafollowing the procedure in 9.2.2, and rep
34、eat the application. Ifnonuniformity persists, select a fresh test area of new orlike-new surface.NOTE 4The spreading rate is 1500 ft2/gal (36.7 m2/L).9.2.4 Application of Second CoatApply a second coat ona 0.6 by 0.9-m (2 by 3-ft) portion of one of the test areas 30min, or as recommended by the man
35、ufacturer, after the3The floor tiles must be new or of like-new quality. New tile can be purchasedthrough the Chemical Specialties Manufacturers Association, 1001 ConnecticutAve., N.W., Washington, DC 20036.4Gauze pads, available from most pharmacies, are suitable.5Lambs wool applicators sold commer
36、cially, having an area about 508 by 254mm (2 by 10 in.) of lambs wool mounted on a support of the same size and attachedto a handle of suitable length, are recommended.6Composition of cleaning solution: MEA 1 %, trisodium phosphate dodecahy-drate 10 %, propylene glycol monomethyl ether 6 %, octylphe
37、noxy polyethoxy-ethanol (nonionic surfactant, 9 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide) 2 %, and distilledwater 81 %. CompoundingDissolve the TSP in the water. Add remaining ingre-dients and mix thoroughly till clear.D 3153 87 (2008)2application of the first coat by pouring out on the test area 15.0mL of the
38、 test polish, and spreading it uniformly, using afreshly wet out lambs wool applicator prepared as above.Record observations on this test of the qualities and perfor-mance characteristic directed to be observed in the panel recoatprocedure in 9.1.4.9.2.5 Allow the other test area to remain undisturb
39、ed forseven days under average ambient conditions. On the seventhday recoat a 0.6 by 0.9-m (2 by 3-ft) portion of the once-coatedarea, following the procedure in 9.2.4, making and recordingthe specified observations. Duplicate tests may be conducted ifthe results are in doubt.10. Calculation and Int
40、erpretation of Results10.1 Since a number of floor polish properties collectivelydetermine the property of recoatability, the evaluation ofrecoatability must be confined to the general appearance of themulticoat finish in relation to the single coat finish. Rate themulticoat finishes as follows:10.1
41、.1 Goodappearance of the multicoat finish signifi-cantly superior to the single-coat finish.10.1.2 Fairappearance of the multicoat finish only mar-ginally superior or inferior to the single-coat finish.10.1.3 Poorappearance of the multicoat finish signifi-cantly inferior to the single-coat finish.11
42、. Report11.1 The report shall include the following:11.1.1 Test surface size as bench panel test or large area test,11.1.2 Floor tile type used, as vinyl (homogeneous) or vinylcomposition,11.1.3 Recoatability of polish as defined in Section 9 of thismethod, and11.1.4 Further note may be made in the
43、report of anyspecific problem areas as defined in Section 4 of this testmethod.12. Precision and Bias12.1 This is a subjective method and the precision and biashave not been fully established.13. Keywords13.1 beading; drag; emulsion; floor polish; foaming; ghost-ing; glass; OVCT; recoatability; stre
44、aking; strip; water emul-sion; wax; whiteningASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, an
45、d the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revisi
46、on of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you sh
47、ouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 3153 87 (2008)3
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