1、Designation: D3153 87 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Test Method forRecoatability of Water-Emulsion Floor Polishes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3153; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of la
2、st revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the effectsof the application of a water-emulsion floor polish over a dried
3、coating of the same polish. The method is designed forlaboratory bench panel testing. A method is also provided forlarge area testing. A rating system is provided to indicate theacceptability of the polish based on recoatability performance.NOTE 1Recoatability of a water-emulsion floor polish is a g
4、eneral-performance property, and the determination of it is dependent upon theobservation of several other properties of the polish under the specificconditions expressed in this test method. This test method for recoatabilityis not designed for the evaluation of other properties, except as thesepro
5、perties relate to the recoatability of the specific polish being evaluatedunder the conditions of this test.1.2 Gloss as observed herein extends only to freedom fromloss of apparent visual gloss upon recoating, in the execution ofthis test method, and should this loss occur, it indicates adistortion
6、 of the property of gloss, by recoating.1.3 A degree of recoatability failure may be reflected from adegree of leveling failure. The failure to level should beobserved only if it is to be a part of the observation ofrecoatability.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concern
7、s, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2825 Terminology Relating to Polishes and
8、 Related Mate-rials3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 beadingthe apparent failure of the liquid polish towet out the surface as evidenced by the gathering of the polishinto puddle-like beads.3.1.2 dragthe resistance observed when the wet applicatoris moved over th
9、e wet coating, when the polish is being spread.3.1.3 foamingthe development and persistence of bubblesin the wet polish during application.3.1.4 ghostingthe dissimilar appearance, in transparencyor gloss, of a portion of the coating.3.1.5 streakingthe apparent mark (or marks) that remainsin the drie
10、d film showing the path followed by the applicatorduring the spreading of the liquid polish.3.1.6 whiteningthe development of a white color on orwithin a coating during the drying process, which reduces thefunctioning of a polish to beautify and (possibly) protect floors.4. Summary of Test Method4.1
11、 The test method involves the application of floor polishusing, but not restricted to, cheesecloth or lambs woolapplicator for spreading a measured amount of polish, overpreviously applied coatings of the polish. The test methodincludes a fast recoat cycle at 30 min which can also be usedfollowing m
12、anufacturers directions and an extended recoatcycle of seven days. All tests are run on commercial floor tile.5. Significance and Use5.1 The essential practical usage of water-emulsion floorpolishes as renewable coatings to protect and beautify floors,depends upon satisfactory recoatability. This te
13、st method isuseful both in product development and final product testing,as a means of evaluating recoatability.6. Interferences6.1 The presence of the factory finish, mold-release agents,or other foreign materials on the test surface, prior to the firstapplication of the polish that is to be tested
14、 in accordance withthis method, will cause irregular results. Abrading the surfaceof the test panel or area (for example, by cleaning with anabrasive pad) prior to the first application of the polish, willyield abnormal results. The cleaning formula listed in Footnote3 should be used to remove the a
15、bove mentioned coatings.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D21 on Polishesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D21.04 on Performance Tests.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015. Published November 2015. Originallyapproved in 1972. Last previous edition approved
16、in 2008 as D3153 87 (2008).DOI: 10.1520/D3153-87R15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright
17、 ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States17. Apparatus7.1 Floor Tile Panels,3black vinyl (homogeneous), 304.8 by304.8 mm (12 by 12 in.).7.2 Floor Tile Area,3black vinyl (homogeneous), 1.2 by 0.9m (4 by 3 ft).7.3 Cheesecloth, clean, compl
18、etely free of sizing.47.4 Pipet, 5-mL, graduated in 0.2 mL.7.5 Graduate, 50 mL.7.6 Applicator, lambs wool.57.6.1 Optional applicators include chenille pads and cottonand synthetic mops.NOTE 2Black vinyl composition floor tile panels or black vinylcomposition floor tile area of the same dimensions as
19、 stated for the blackvinyl (homogeneous) tile may be used. See Sections 9 and 11 of thismethod for information regarding the selection of test surfaces andreporting of results.8. Conditioning8.1 Average ambient conditions shall be equal for allpolishes and surfaces used, and shall be free of drafts,
20、 and shallbe between 15 and 30C (59 and 86F) with the relativehumidity not in excess of 70 % or below 40 %.9. Procedure9.1 Bench Panel Test:9.1.1 Selection of PanelsSelect either five black vinyl(homogeneous) floor tile panels or five black vinyl compositionfloor tile panels, for each polish under t
21、est, basing selection onlike-new condition. Do not intermix these two types of testsurfaces in any one test sequence.9.1.2 Preparation of Test PanelsPrepare five panels foreach polish under test by cleaning with undiluted comparisoncleaning solution described in Footnote 6.6Soak the panelsface to fa
22、ce for 20 min. Using a soft brush or clean cheesecloth,scrub thoroughly to remove all coatings, soil, etc. Rinsethoroughly with clear water and let dry completely.9.1.3 Application of PolishPrepare a swab 50.8 mm (2 in.)square and twelve plies thick, using clean cheesecloth, free ofsizing. Immerse t
23、he swab in the test polish and squeeze out theexcess. Pipet 2.6 ml (Note 3) of the test polish on to the surfaceof a test panel, which should be lying level on a horizontalsurface, and spread the polish uniformly, using the swabpreviously prepared. Repeat for the other four panels. Observethe coatin
24、gs on all five panels after they have dried for 30 min.or following manufacturers directions, under average ambientconditions. Note the similarity. If the appearance of the coatingon all panels is not uniformly equal, discard these panels, andprepare a new group of coated panels using the aboveproce
25、dure.NOTE 32.5 mL of polish are used for 12 by 12-in. (304.8 by304.8-mm) panels. 1.4 mL of polish are used for 9 by 9-in. (228.6 by228.6-mm) panels. Test can be performed using polish manufacturersrecommended rate of application.9.1.4 Application of Second CoatThirty minutes afterapplication of the
26、first coat of polish, or following manufac-turers dry time recommendations, take two of the five panelsand apply on each a second coat using the procedure detailedin 9.1.3 for applying and spreading the polish. Record thetemperature and relative humidity. Observe and record anyfoaming of the polish
27、and drag of the applicator duringapplication and spreading. Observe and record any beading ofthe polish or required additional stroking with applicator to wetout the surface. Allow to dry 2 h, and observe and record anyremoval of the first coat, any whitening, streaking, or ghosting.Observe and reco
28、rd leveling. Visually observe the apparentgloss of the recoated polish, and record the comparison withthe single coat of polish.9.1.5 After allowing them to remain undisturbed for sevendays under average ambient conditions, take two of the threeremaining panels which have a single coat of polish, re
29、coat,using the procedure given in 9.1.4, making and recordingobservations as directed in that paragraph. Include thoseobservations made after allowing the recoat to dry for 2 h.9.2 Large Area Test:9.2.1 Selection of Test AreasSelect two test areas, eachhaving a minimum size of 1.2 by 0.9 m (4 by 3 f
30、t) of eitherblack vinyl (homogeneous) floor tile or black vinyl composi-tion floor tile, for each polish under test, basing selection onlike-new condition. Do not intermix these two types of testsurfaces in any one test sequence.9.2.2 Preparation of Test AreasPrepare each selected testarea by cleani
31、ng carefully using undiluted comparison cleaningsolution described in Footnote 66and scrubbing with a softbrush or soft synthetic floor machine pad to remove allcoatings, soil, etc. Rinse thoroughly and let dry completely.9.2.3 Application of PolishFor each polish under test,apply one coat of polish
32、 to each of two test areas with a portionof each area to be recoated, one in 30 min, or followingmanufacturers directions the other in seven days. Prepare alambs wool applicator, chenille applicator or suitable mop bywetting it with the test polish, then squeeze it, allowing noexcess to remain. Pour
33、 30.0 mL (Note 4) of polish, on the testarea, and spread it uniformly over the test area using theapplicator prepared above. After drying 30 min under averageambient conditions, observe the coatings for uniformity ofgloss and general appearance. If not uniform, clean the test areafollowing the proce
34、dure in 9.2.2, and repeat the application. Ifnonuniformity persists, select a fresh test area of new orlike-new surface.NOTE 4The spreading rate is 1500 ft2/gal (36.7 m2/L).9.2.4 Application of Second CoatApply a second coat ona 0.6 by 0.9-m (2 by 3-ft) portion of one of the test areas 30min, or as
35、recommended by the manufacturer, after the3The floor tiles must be new or of like-new quality. New tile can be purchasedthrough the Chemical Specialties Manufacturers Association, 1001 ConnecticutAve., N.W., Washington, DC 20036.4Gauze pads, available from most pharmacies, are suitable.5Lambs wool a
36、pplicators sold commercially, having an area about 508 by 254mm (2 by 10 in.) of lambs wool mounted on a support of the same size and attachedto a handle of suitable length, are recommended.6Composition of cleaning solution: MEA 1 %, trisodium phosphate dodecahy-drate 10 %, propylene glycol monometh
37、yl ether 6 %, octylphenoxy polyethoxy-ethanol (nonionic surfactant, 9 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide) 2 %, and distilledwater 81 %. CompoundingDissolve the TSP in the water. Add remaining ingre-dients and mix thoroughly till clear.D3153 87 (2015)2application of the first coat by pouring out on the te
38、st area 15.0mL of the test polish, and spreading it uniformly, using afreshly wet out lambs wool applicator prepared as above.Record observations on this test of the qualities and perfor-mance characteristic directed to be observed in the panel recoatprocedure in 9.1.4.9.2.5 Allow the other test are
39、a to remain undisturbed forseven days under average ambient conditions. On the seventhday recoat a 0.6 by 0.9-m (2 by 3-ft) portion of the once-coatedarea, following the procedure in 9.2.4, making and recordingthe specified observations. Duplicate tests may be conducted ifthe results are in doubt.10
40、. Calculation and Interpretation of Results10.1 Since a number of floor polish properties collectivelydetermine the property of recoatability, the evaluation ofrecoatability must be confined to the general appearance of themulticoat finish in relation to the single coat finish. Rate themulticoat fin
41、ishes as follows:10.1.1 Goodappearance of the multicoat finish signifi-cantly superior to the single-coat finish.10.1.2 Fairappearance of the multicoat finish only mar-ginally superior or inferior to the single-coat finish.10.1.3 Poorappearance of the multicoat finish signifi-cantly inferior to the
42、single-coat finish.11. Report11.1 The report shall include the following:11.1.1 Test surface size as bench panel test or large area test,11.1.2 Floor tile type used, as vinyl (homogeneous) or vinylcomposition,11.1.3 Recoatability of polish as defined in Section 9 of thismethod, and11.1.4 Further not
43、e may be made in the report of anyspecific problem areas as defined in Section 4 of this testmethod.12. Precision and Bias12.1 This is a subjective method and the precision and biashave not been fully established.13. Keywords13.1 beading; drag; emulsion; floor polish; foaming; ghost-ing; glass; OVCT
44、; recoatability; streaking; strip; water emul-sion; wax; whiteningASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any s
45、uch patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invi
46、ted either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received
47、a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of thi
48、s standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 87 (2015)3
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