1、Designation: D3159 10D3159 15Standard Specification forModified ETFE-Fluoropolymer ETFE Fluoropolymer Moldingand Extrusion Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3159; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of r
2、evision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This speci
3、fication covers melt processible molding and extrusion materials of modified ETFE-fluoropolymer. ETFEfluoropolymer. The ETFE resin is a copolymer of ethylene containing approximately 75 mass % of tetrafluoroethylene.andtetrafluoroethylene. Modified ETFE resin contains no more than 5 mole % of other
4、fluoromonomers.1.2 The values stated in SI units as detailed in IEEE/ASTM SI-10 are to be regarded as standard. The values given inparentheses are for information only.NOTE 1Although this specification and ISO 12086-1 (1994) and ISO 12086-2 (1994) differ in approach or detail, data obtained using ei
5、ther aretechnically equivalent.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 11, of this specification. This standarddoes not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstanda
6、rd to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 Recycled material is not appropriate for this specification because performance requirements cannot be met with recycledmaterial. Therefore, this specification is for vi
7、rgin material only.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical InsulationD618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD792 Test Methods for
8、 Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplastics by Extrusion PlastometerD1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to PlasticsD3418 Test Method for Transition Temperatures a
9、nd Enthalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers by DifferentialScanning CalorimetryD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test MethodsIEEE/ASTM SI-10 Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
10、2.2 ISO Standards:ISO 12086-1 (1994) PlasticsFluoropolymer Dispersions and Moulding and Extrusion MaterialsPart 1ISO 12086-2 (1994) PlasticsFluoropolymer Dispersions and Moulding and Extrusion MaterialsPart 23. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 GeneralThe terminology given in Terminology D883 is appl
11、icable to this specification.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic Materials(Section D20.15.12).Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2010Sept. 1, 2015. Published January 2011September 2015
12、. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 20062010as D3159 - 06.D3159 - 10. DOI: 10.1520/D3159-10.10.1520/D3159-15.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume i
13、nformation, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequatel
14、y depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM Inter
15、national, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.2 lot, none production run or a uniform blend of two or more production runs.3.1.3 Abbreviated Terms:3.1.4 GeneralThe abbreviated terms given in Terminology D1600 are applicable to this specification.4.
16、 Classification4.1 This specification covers five types of modified ETFE-fluoropolymer ETFE fluoropolymer supplied in pellet form classifiedaccording to their specific gravity. The resins of each type are divided into one to three grades according to their melt flow rate.4.2 A one-line system shall
17、be used to specify materials covered by this specification. The system uses predefined cells to referto specific aspects of this specification, as illustrated as follows:D3159 152SpecificationStandard Number : Type : Grade : SpecialBlock : : : Notes: : : , :Example: Specification D3159 95, I 2For th
18、is example, the line callout shall be, Specification D3159 95,I2 and shall specify a modified ETFE-fluoropolymer ETFEfluoropolymer that has all of the properties listed for that type and grade in Tables 1 and 2the appropriate specified properties, ortables, or both, in the specification identified.
19、. A comma is used as the separator between the standard number and the type.Separators are not needed between the type and grade.35. General Requirements5.1 The material shall be of uniform composition and so prepared as to conform to the requirements of this specification.5.2 The material described
20、 in this specification shall be free of foreign matter to such a contamination level as shall be agreedupon between the purchaser and the seller.6. Performance Requirements6.1 The average test result of the lot shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Tables 1 and 2 when tested by theprocedur
21、es specified herein. Table 2 lists those tests requiring a specimen molded as described in Section 8.7. Sampling7.1 The materials shall be sampled in accordance with an adequate statistical sampling program.8. Specimen Preparation8.1 Prepare a molded sheet 1.5 6 0.3 mm (0.06 6 0.01 in.) thick. Use a
22、 picture-frame-type chase having a suitable blanked-outsection and thickness to produce the desired sheet. Use clean aluminum foil, 0.13 to 0.18 mm (0.005 to 0.007 in.) thick, in contactwith the resin. A high-temperature mold release agent may be sprayed on the aluminum foil to help helps prevent th
23、e foil fromsticking to the sheet. Use steel molding plates at least 1.0 mm (0.040 in.) thick and of an area adequate to cover the chase.8.2 Lay down and smoothly cover one plate with a sheet of aluminum foil. a sheet of aluminum foil down to smoothly coverone plate. Place the mold chase on top of th
24、is assembly. Place within the mold chase sufficient molding material to produce therequired sheet in such manner that the polymer charge is a mound in the middle of the chase. Place a second sheet of aluminumfoil on top of the granules and add the top mold plate. Place the assembly in a compression
25、molding press having platens that havebeen heated to 300 6 5C (572 6 10F).8.3 Bring the press platens to incipient contact with the mold assembly. Hold for 2 to 4 min without pressure. Applyapproximately 1 MPa (145 psi) and hold for 1 to 1.5 min. Then apply 2 to 4 MPa (290 to 580 psi) and hold for 1
26、 to 1.5 min.Maintain the press at 300 6 5C (572 6 10F) during these steps. Remove the assembly from the press and place between two20 6 7-mm (0.75 6 0.25-in.) steel plates whose temperature is less than 40C (104F).8.4 When the sheet is cool enough to touch (about 50 to 60C (122 to 140F), remove alum
27、inum foil from the sheet. (If thesheet is allowed to cool to room temperature, the aluminum foil cannot be pulled free.)3 See the ASTM Form and Style Manual, available from ASTM Headquarters.TABLE 1 Specific Gravity, Melting Point, and Flow Rate RequirementsType Grade I II III IV V1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 1
28、1Specificgravity,min: 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.83 1.83 1.74 1.74max: 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.88 1.88 1.78 1.80Melting point,C,min: 255 255 250 220 220 220 218 218 220 250max: 280 280 280 259 259 259 230 230 240 260Flow rate,g/10 min,min: 2.0 8.0 25 2.0 10.1 25 9.0 25.0 10 15max: 16.0
29、28.0A 45 10.0 19.0 40 18.0 35.0 40 30A Measured with 1.588-mm (0.0625-in.) orifice; other values measured with 2.095-mm (0.0825-in.) orifice.D3159 1539. Conditioning9.1 For tests of specific gravity, tensile properties, and electrical properties, condition the molded test specimen in accordancewith
30、Practice D618, Condition 4/23/50. The other tests require no conditioning.9.2 Conduct tests at the standard laboratory temperature of 23 6 2C (73.4 6 3.6F) for determination of specific gravity,tensile properties, and electrical properties only. Since the resin does not absorb water, the maintenance
31、 of constant humidity duringtesting is not necessary. Conduct tests for flow rate and melting endotherm under ordinary laboratory conditions.10. Packaging and Marking10.1 PackagingThe material shall be packaged in standard commercial containers so constructed as to ensure acceptance bycommon or othe
32、r carriers for safe transportation to the point of delivery unless otherwise specified in the contract or order.10.2 MarkingShipping containers shall be marked with the name of the material, type, and quantity therein.10.3 All packing, packaging, and marking provisions of Practice D3892 shall apply
33、to this specification.11. Test Methods11.1 Melt Flow Rate:11.1.1 Principle of Test MethodDetermine the flow rate at 297 6 1C using ProcedureAor B or Test Method D1238. Use theextrusion plastometer described in Test Method D1238 and modified in accordance with 11.1.2. The sample shall be pellets orpi
34、eces of approximately the same suitable size cut from molded or extruded forms. Strips about 6 mm wide by 76 mm long (0.25by 3 in.) shall be conveniently handled. See Table 2 or 3 of Test Method D1238 for the amount of charge that shall be adjustedaccordingly with the melt density of ETFE being used
35、. Usually the charge amount is 5 to 15 g. Measure the flow rate using a loadof 49 N for Types I, II, and III. Collect four successive cuts for the manual method.11.1.2 ApparatusThe apparatus shall consist of an extrusion plastometer, described in Test Method D1238, modified by useof corrosion-resist
36、ant4 alloy for the barrel lining, orifice, piston tip, and orifice securing device.5 The orifice diameter is 2.095 by8.000 mm long (0.0825 by 0.315 in.) for all types except 1.588 by 6.070 mm (0.0625 by 0.239 in.) for Type I, Grade 2.11.1.3 Procedure:11.1.3.1 Temperature CalibrationThe specified mel
37、t temperature of 297 6 1C is the temperature measured in the melt 13mm (0.5 in.) above the orifice. This temperature shall be obtained by controlling the temperature measured in the thermometer wellat approximately 305C. Prior to making a test, set the plastometer temperature as follows: With the or
38、ifice in place, insert astandardized thermocouple (Note 2) through the orifice from the bottom of the plastometer to a point 13 mm (0.5 in.) above thetop of the orifice. Charge 5 g of resin granules to the plastometer, compact with the piston, and wait 10 6 0.5 min for the melttemperature to reach e
39、quilibrium. Make the necessary adjustment in the temperature controller to bring the melt temperature to297 6 1C. Repeat this calibration procedure and record the temperature versus time at 1-min intervals for the first 10 min. Thepolymer shall reach the 297C temperature within 5 min. With polymer i
40、n the plastometer for an elapsed time of 10 min for eachpoint measured, determine the melt temperature at 6.4-mm (0.25-in.) intervals from 6.4 mm to 51 mm (2 in.) above the orifice.The entire temperature profile shall be within a range of 2C. This precision is readily obtained by proper insulation o
41、f the sides,bottom, and top of the plastometer.NOTE 2Suitable standards for thermocouple calibration are: lead, m.p. 327.5C, potassium dichromate, m.p. 398.0C, and zinc, m.p. 419.4C.4 “Stellite” Grade No. 19, Haynes-Stellite Co., Kokomo, IN, and “Duranickel” No. 301, International Nickel Co., 67 Wal
42、l St., New York, NY 10005, have been foundresistant to fluorocarbon resins. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receivecareful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1 which you m
43、ay attend.5 Suitable instruments are available commercially.TABLE 2 Detail Requirements for Molded Test Specimens for All Resins in This SpecificationType Grade I II III IV V1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 1 1Tensilestrength,min, psi:5500 4400 5500 4500 4500 4000 4000 4000 5000 4000Elongation,min, %:275 200 300 300
44、 300 350 350 350 350 350Dielectricconstant,103 Hz, max: 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6106 Hz, max: 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7Dissipationfactor,103 Hz, max: 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008106 Hz, max: 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.00
45、9 0.009 0.009 0.009D3159 15411.1.4 Precision and BiasPrecision and bias for this test method are to be determined by round-robin testing.11.2 Specific Gravity Determine the specific gravity of a specimen approximately 25 by 38 mm (1 by 1.5 in.) blanked or cutfrom the molded plaque (see Section 8) in
46、 accordance with the procedures described in Test Methods D792. Add 2 drops of awetting agent to the water in order to reduce the surface tension and ensure complete wetting of the specimen.11.3 Melting Endotherm Peak Temperature:11.3.1 Determine the endotherm melting peak with a differential therma
47、l analyzer (DTA) or with a differential scanningcalorimeter (DSC) operated in a DTA mode at 10C/min (18F/min).11.3.1.1 If DTAequipment is used, refer to Test Method D3418 except that the DTAshall be run at 10C/min to 325C (617F).11.3.1.2 With either the DTAor DSC, extend the straight lines tangent t
48、o both sides of the endotherm melting temperature. Takethe temperature at which the lines intersect as the endotherm melting peak temperature.11.3.2 PrecisionThe single instrument precision of the differential thermal analysis applied to this test method is 61.2C (2S)as defined in Practice E177.11.4
49、 Tensile Properties:11.4.1 Cut five specimens with the microtensile die shown in Fig. 1. The die shall be of the steel-rule or solid metal type ofcurvature of 5 6 0.5-mm (0.2 6 0.02-in.) type. Determine the tensile properties in accordance with the procedures described inTest Method D638 except that the specimens used shall be as detailed above, the initial jaw separation shall be 22.0 6 0.13 mm(0.875 6 0.005 in.), and the speed of testing shall be 50 6 5 mm/min (2 6 0.2 in./min).in.min). Clamp the specimens withessentially equal
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