ASTM D3336-2018 Standard Test Method for Life of Lubricating Greases in Ball Bearings at Elevated Temperatures.pdf

1、Designation: D3336 17D3336 18Standard Test Method forLife of Lubricating Greases in Ball Bearings at ElevatedTemperatures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3336; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, th

2、e year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method cove

3、rs the evaluation of the performance of lubricating greases in ball bearings operating under light loadsat high speeds and elevated temperatures.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.2.1 ExceptionThe values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound

4、units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenviro

5、nmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 8.1.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the

6、 Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A600 Specification for Tool Steel High Speed2.2 ABMA Standard:3Standard 4, Tolerance Definitions and Gaging

7、 Practices for Ball and Roller Bearings3. Summary of Test Method3.1 A grease lubricated SAE No. 204 size ball bearing is rotated at 10 000 r/min under light load at a specified elevatedtemperature. Tests are continued until failure or completion of a specified number of hours of running time.4. Sign

8、ificance and Use4.1 This test method can be used to evaluate the ability of grease to provide adequate lubrication for extended periods of ballbearings operating under light loads at high speeds and elevated temperatures.5. Apparatus4,55.1 Test Spindle6(see Figs. 1-4), capable of operating at speeds

9、 of 10 000 rmin and temperatures as high as 371 C (700 F).The test bearing seat dimension shall be 19.99 mm to 20.00 mm (0.7870 in. to 0.7874 in.). For spindles having the test bearing and1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubri

10、cants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.G0.05 on Functional Tests - Temperature.Current edition approved June 1, 2017June 1, 2018. Published June 2017July 2018. Originally approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 20152017 asD3336 05 (2015).D3336 17. DOI: 10.1520/D3336-17

11、.10.1520/D3336-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American Bearing Manufactu

12、rers Assoc., 2025 M St., NW, Ste 800, Washington, DC 20036.4 Complete apparatus is available from Falex Corp., 1020 Airpark Dr., Sugar Grove, IL 60554.5 If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful c

13、onsideration at ameeting of the responsible technical committee,1 which you may attend.6 Pope Machinery Corporation Grease Test Spindles No. P-1911 or P-6301A-HT (Fig. 1) and No. P-7605-B (Fig. 2); and Falex Corp. spindles of the type shown in Fig.1 and Fig. 2 have been found satisfactory for this p

14、urpose.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult pr

15、ior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19

16、428-2959. United States1the support bearing in the same housing (CRC Type, Figs. 1-3) (Note 2) the internal construction of the spindle shall be such thatthe outboard support bearing, or both bearings are free to float axially in the housing. In designs where both bearings are free tofloat, the spin

17、dle shaft shall have a 0.508 mm to 0.762 mm (0.020 in. to 0.030 in.) free axial movement or end play. The outboardbearing seat dimension should be 19.99 mm to 20.00 mm (0.7870 in. to 0.7874 in.).5.1.1 The test unit design (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) should be such that a finger spring washer produces a 22 N

18、 to 67 N (5 lbf to 15 lbf)thrust load on the floating outboard support bearing.7,55.2 Bearing Housing:5.2.1 For CRC Type SpindlesThe bearing housing diameter shall be 47.005 mm to 47.021 mm (1.8506 in. to 1.8512 in.) togive proper bearing mounting. Construction shall be such that the test bearing is

19、 equipped with flush spacers or shields to confinethe grease to the bearing. The spacers or shields shall have a clearance between the inside diameter and the shaft of 0.127 mm to0.178 mm (0.005 in. to 0.007 in.) per side.NOTE 1This type of spindle is described in CRC Research Technique for the Dete

20、rmination of Performance Characteristics of Lubricating Grease7 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Falex Part No. 643-187-070, Falex Corp. 1020 Airpark Dr., Sugar Grove, IL 60554.FIG. 1 Test Spindle (Both Bearings Floating)FIG. 2 Test Spindle (with Radi

21、al Load)D3336 182in Antifriction Bearings at Elevated Temperature (CRC Designations L-35-54 and CRC L-35-62).5.2.2 For Navy Type Spindles (Test Bearing Mounted Outside Spindle Housing)The bearing housing shall be constructed ofmaterial similar to that of the test bearing and shall be tempered to ret

22、ain dimensional stability at temperatures up to 371 C(700 F). Internal diameter shall be 47.005 mm to 47.021 mm (1.8506 in. to 1.8512 in.). The housing cover shall be flush fittingto confine the grease to the bearing. Provision shall be made for insertion in the housing of one or two small thermocou

23、ples whichshall lightly press on and be in continual contact with the outer race of the test bearing. The housing shall be fitted with lugs toFIG. 3 Test Spindle Thrust Load DesignFIG. 4 G-III-54 Grease Life, Hours to FailureD3336 183accommodate a yoke and added weight so that a radial load may be a

24、pplied to the test bearing. A thrust load of 22 N 6 2 N (5 lbf6 0.55 lbf) shall be applied to the outer race of the bearing by means of a helical spring calibrated at room temperature.5.3 Motor Drive AssemblySpindle bracket and constant belt tension motor drive assembly capable of providing spindle

25、speedsup to 10 000 rmin 6 200 rmin by means of an endless belt. The motor shall be mounted so that a belt tension of approximately67 N (15 lbf) can be maintained on the test spindle pulley.5.4 Oven, removable, capable of producing a test temperature of 371 C (700 F) within 112 h.5.5 Control Equipmen

26、t:5.5.1 The temperature at the outside diameter of the test bearing shall be maintained within 3 C (5 F) of the specified testtemperature. The temperature control equipment shall be adequate to maintain the temperature at the outer race of the test bearingwithin the limits specified by control of th

27、e oven temperature. The oven temperature shall be controlled by means of athermocouple placed in the oven cavity.5.5.2 Suitable equipment such as adjustable reset relay and overload device for shutting off oven heaters and drive motor andother accessory equipment (timer, recorder, etc.) shall be pro

28、vided. Oven temperature as well as bearing temperature should berecorded.6. Materials6.1 Test Bearing, General Requirements SAE No. 204 size, fabricated from heat-resistant steel, suitable for temperatures ashigh as 371 C (700 F). The bearing shall be ISO 6204 (SAE No. 204) size, manufactured to ABE

29、C-3 quality, having a radialclearance of from 0.025 mm to 0.031 mm (0.0010 in. to 0.0012 in.). quality. See Annex A1, which describes ABMAsABMAsstandard method of measuring radial internal clearances of ball bearings. The bearing shall be equipped with a ball retainerfabricated from suitable materia

30、l capable of withstanding temperatures as high as 371 C (700 F). Support bearings of CRC Typespindles shall be identical to the test bearings.NOTE 2Bearings fabricated from 18-4-1 high speed or M-50 (Specification A600) tool steel with retainers fabricated from heat-treated silver-platedberyllium co

31、pper8 have been found satisfactory for this purpose. Alternatively, for testing at temperatures of 149 C (300 F) and below, ASTM TestBearings Size 6204 (PCN 12-433360-12)ABEC-3 has been found satisfactory. This bearing is fabricated fromAISI 52100 steel, with a retainer fabricatedfrom AISI C1010 ste

32、el and with an internal clearance range of 0.021 mm to 0.028 mm (0.0008 in. to 0.0011 in.).96.1.1 Lower Temperature BearingFor testing at temperatures of 149 C (300 F) and below, a size 6204 bearing (PCN12-433360-12) has been found satisfactory. This bearing is fabricated from AISI 52100 steel, with

33、 a retainer fabricated from AISIC1010 steel and with an internal clearance range of 0.021 mm to 0.028 mm (0.0008 in. to 0.0011 in.).86.1.2 Higher Temperature BearingFor testing at temperatures above 149 C (300 F), the bearing shall be fabricated fromheat-resistant steel and equipped with a ball reta

34、iner fabricated from suitable material, both capable of withstanding temperaturesas high as 371 C (700 F). Bearings fabricated from 18-4-1 high speed or M-50 (Specification A600) tool steel with retainersfabricated from heat-treated silver-plated beryllium copper9have been found satisfactory for thi

35、s purpose. The bearing shall havea radial clearance of from 0.025 mm to 0.031 mm (0.0010 in. to 0.0012 in.).6.2 ASTM n-Heptane.106.3 Mineral Spirits, reagent grade.7. Test Conditions7.1 TemperatureAs specified up to 371 C (700 F).7.2 Speed10 000 rmin 6 200 rmin.7.3 Test Cycle:7.3.1 Twenty-one and on

36、e-half hours running at temperatures of 149 C (300 F) and below212 h shutdown without appliedheat.7.3.2 Twenty hours running at temperatures of above 149 C (300 F)4 h shutdown without applied heat.8. Preparation of Apparatus8.1 Just prior to lubrication for test, clean the test bearing by rotating i

37、t in warm (approximately 50 C (120 F) mineral spirits,reagent grade (WarningFlammable. Harmful if inhaled) followed by two successive washes of ASTM n-heptane (WarningCombustible. Vapor harmful) and flash dry in an oven at 71 C (160 F). Cool the bearing to room temperature.8 Supporting data have bee

38、n filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1272. Contact ASTM CustomerService at serviceastm.org.9 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Bearing MRC204S17, SKF Bearings, . If you are aware of alterna

39、tivesuppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technicalcommittee,1 which you may attend.9 Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by re

40、questing Research Report RR:D02-1272.10 Described in 1996 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.04, Annex 2, Section A2.7 on Reference Materials.D3336 1848.2 Pack the bearing by hand so that it contains a weighed quantity of grease equivalent to 3.2 cm3 6 0.1 cm3. The grease canalso be measured by v

41、olume and applied to the bearing by means of a syringe. The grease shall be worked uniformly into bothsides of the bearings, using a narrow blade spatula, making sure that the grease does not extend beyond the facet of the races. ForCRC Type spindles the support bearing shall be packed full.8.3 Asse

42、mble the test bearing, support bearing, and Z-spring (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) on the spindle and fix the thermocouplesinto position so that it is in contact with the outer race of the test bearing (CRC Type spindles). For tests at 232 C (450 F) andabove, replace the finger spring washer for each test

43、. For Navy Type spindles insert the test bearing into the housing and press thebearing onto the spindle by application of a light force on the inner race. Place the cover plate in position, fix the thermocouplesinto position, and apply the radial and thrust loads.9. Procedure9.1 Rotate the bearing b

44、y hand for approximately 100 revolutions in each direction at a speed not exceeding 200 rmin. Startthe drive motor and heater simultaneously and adjust the temperature controller to raise the bearing to test temperature within112 h. After 2 h of test operation at speed and control temperature, measu

45、re the temperature of the outer race of the test bearing.Adjust the controller such that the outer race of the test bearing is at test temperature for the grease. Record test hours (runningtime), control temperature, and outer-race temperature of the bearing at least every 24 h. Unless automatic con

46、trols are employed,a 72 h shutdown (without applied heat) over the weekend, shall be followed. For Navy Type spindles the oven door shall remainclosed during periods of shutdown.NOTE 2Once satisfactory thermal stability has been established with the test bearing, no further manual adjustment is norm

47、ally necessary. However,minor adjustments may be made to accommodate changing conditions of voltage, ambient temperatures, etc.9.2 Continue the test until failure or completion of a specified number of known running times.10. Results10.1 The lubricant is considered to have failed when any one of the

48、 following conditions occurs:10.1.1 Spindle input power increases to a value of 300 % above the steady state condition at test temperature.10.1.2 An increase in temperature at the test bearing of 15 C (27 F) over the test temperature during any portion of a cycle.Ignore any temperature rise that tak

49、es place within 30 min after reaching test temperature after daily start-up.10.1.3 There is loading of the test bearing or belt slippage at start up or during the test cycle.11. Precision and Bias11.1 The precision of this test is not known to have been obtained in accordance with currently accepted guidelines (forexample, see Research Report RR:D02-1007).11.2 Grease life data generated in two separate cooperative testing programs show appreciable scatter and follow Weibulldistributions rather than nor