1、Designation: D3542 08 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Specification forPreformed Polychloroprene Elastomeric Joint Seals forBridges1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3542; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision
2、, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the material requirements forpreformed polychloroprene elastomeric joint seals
3、 for bridges.The seal consists of a multiple-web design composed ofpolychloroprene and functions only by compression of the sealbetween the faces of the joint with the seal folding inward atthe top to facilitate compression. The seal is installed with alubricant adhesive and is designed to seal the
4、joint and rejectincompressibles.NOTE 1This specification may not be applicable for seals whoseheight is less than 90 % of its nominal width.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provid
5、ed for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility
6、 of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompression SetD412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplas-tic ElastomersTensionD471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD518 Test Method for Rubber Deterior
7、ationSurfaceCracking (Withdrawn 2007)3D573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an AirOvenD575 Test Methods for Rubber Properties in CompressionD1149 Test Methods for Rubber DeteriorationCracking inan Ozone Controlled EnvironmentD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hard-nessD3040 Practic
8、e for Preparing Precision Statements for Stan-dards Related to Rubber and Rubber Testing (Withdrawn1987)33. Marking and Ordering Information3.1 Each lot of seal shall be marked with characters of notless than 0.25 in. (6.35 mm) in height on the top of the seal ata maximum of 4 ft (1.22 m) intervals
9、showing the lot number,date of manufacture, and the manufacturing seal designation.The seal shall also have die markings which are registered withthe Rubber Manufacturers Association (RMA).3.2 The purchaser shall specify the anticipated requiredminimum acceptable joint movement, and either the minim
10、umjoint opening, or the nominal width of seal.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The seals shall be preformed, and the material shall bevulcanized elastomeric compound using virgin polychloro-prene as the only polymer.5. Physical Requirements5.1 The materials shall conform to the physical propertiespre
11、scribed in Table 1.5.2 In the applicable requirements of Table 1 and the testmethods, all deflection shall be based on the nominal width.6. Dimensions and Working Parameters6.1 The size, shape and dimensional tolerances shall be asoutlined in 6.1.1.6.1.1 Measurements used for laboratory testing shal
12、l betaken to the nearest 0.01 in. (0.3 mm) and reported/recorded tothe nearest 0.1 in. (3 mm) as the average of three measure-ments. The measured width shall be greater than or equal to thenominal width. The seal height shall not be less than 90 % ofthe nominal width unless joint recess dimensions o
13、r specialdesign considerations dictate the geometry.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Roadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.34 onPreformed Joint Fillers, Sealers and Sealing Systems.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2013. P
14、ublished November 2013. Originallyapproved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D3542 08. DOI:10.1520/D3542-08R13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume informatio
15、n, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16.2 Compression Deflection Properti
16、esThe contact pres-sure expressed in pounds-force per square inch (or pascals)when the seal is compressed to any particular width indicatesthe stress-strain relationship that exists in the seal. Thisrelationship is dependent on both the properties of the elasto-mer and the cross-sectional configurat
17、ion of the seal.Therefore, for a predetermined allowable pressure, a definitiverelationship will exist and the working limits of the seal may bedefined.6.2.1 The working limits (minimum and maximum degreesof compression) of the seal shall be determined on the basis ofthe minimum and maximum limits o
18、f compressibility (LC minand LC max), and the movement range as specified herein. Thepurchaser shall specify the movement range, anticipated maxi-mum joint opening and the target nominal width of seal. Sealswith nominal width differing from that specified areacceptable, providing the compressed widt
19、h at LC max is lessthan the minimum anticipated joint opening, and the movementrange requirement is met.6.2.2 The minimum limit of compressibility (LC min) isdefined as the compressed width (expressed in terms of percentof nominal width) corresponding to a contact pressure of 3 psi(20.68 kPa). The L
20、C min shall be determined in accordancewith 9.3. For the purpose of calculating movement range, avalue at 85 % of nominal width shall be used for LC min whenthe measured value of LC min exceeds 85 %.NOTE 2If the seal generates a pressure of 3 psi at 90 % of nominalwidth, LC min equals 85 %. However,
21、 if the seal generates 3 psi at 70 %of nominal width, the LC min equals 70 %.6.2.3 The maximum limit of compressibility (LC max) isdefined as the compressed width (expressed in terms of percentof nominal width) corresponding to a contact pressure of 35 psi(241.32 kPa). The LC max shall be determined
22、 in accordancewith 9.3. LC max has been designated at 35 psi (241.32 kPa)in order to mitigate the tendencies toward pressure decay of theseal during use. A reading of 35 psi is considered an absolutemaximum pressure which should not be exceeded.6.2.4 The movement range of the seal is defined as then
23、umerical difference between the LC min and the LC maxexpressed in inches (mm). For the purpose of calculating themovement range, a value at 85 % shall be used for LC minwhen the measured value of LC min exceeds 85 %. Forpurposes of acceptance testing, the calculated movement rangeof the seal shall n
24、ot be less than the specified value by morethan 5 %.7. Sampling7.1 A lot shall consist of the quantity for each cross sectionagreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.7.2 Samples shall be taken at random from each shipment ofmaterial. If the shipment consists of more than one lot, each lots
25、hall be sampled.7.3 The minimum lengths of samples for testing purposesshall be as prescribed by the purchaser or as prescribed in Table2.TABLE 1 Physical Requirements for Preformed Elastomeric Joint SealsRequirements ASTM Test MethodTensile strength, min, psi (MPa) 2000 (13.8) D412Elongation at bre
26、ak, min, % 250 D412Hardness, Type A durometer, points 55 5 D2240 (modified)AOven aging, 70 h at 212F (100C)Tensile strength, max, % loss 20Elongation, max, % loss 20Hardness, Type A durometer, points change 0 to 10Oil swell, ASTM Oil No. 3, 70 h at 212F:70 h at 212F (100C)Weight change, max, % 45 D4
27、71Ozone resistanceBno cracks D1149C20 % strain, 300 pphm in air, 70 h, at 104F (40C) (wiped with toluene to remove surfacecontamination)Low-temperature recovery,72 h at 14F (10C), 50 percent:Deflection, min, % 88 Section 8.2DLow-temperature recovery,22 h at 20F (29C), 50 %:Deflection, min, % 83 Sect
28、ion 8.2DHigh-temperature recovery,70 h, at 212F (100C), 50 %:Deflection, min, % 85 Section 8.2DCompression-deflection properties:LC min in. (mm) See 8.3.5 D575 Method A (modified)ELC max in. (mm) See 8.3.5Movement range, in. (mm) See 8.3.5AThe term “modified” in the table relates to the specimen pre
29、paration. The use of the joint seal as the specimen source requires that more plies than specified in eitherof the modified test procedures be used. Such specimen modification shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier prior to testing. The hardness test shallbe made with the durome
30、ter in a durometer stand as recommended in Test Method D2240.BSample prepared in accordance with Method A of Test Method D518.CCracking, splitting, or sticking of a specimen during a recovery test shall mean that the specimen has failed the test.DThe reference section and subsections are those of th
31、is specification. The values found in 6.2.2, 6.2.3, and 6.2.4 shall be within the range specified by the purchaserin 3.2.ESpeed of testing shall be 0.5 0.05 in. (13 1.3 mm), min at room temperature of 73 4F (23 2.2C). The sheets of sandpaper are not used.D3542 08 (2013)28. Specimen Preparation8.1 Al
32、l test specimens shall be cut, buffed, or both from thesample of preformed seal. Care should be taken not to overheatthe test specimen during buffing. The cut shall be square towithin 2 and smooth, with no roughness visible to the nakedeye. The use of a tooth blade device or a guillotine-type cutter
33、,or both, is not acceptable. This process will eliminate irregu-larities.8.2 Specimens for determining tensile strength and elonga-tion (Test Method D412) shall be prepared using Die C whenpossible. Die D may be used when the flat sections of a seal aretoo small for Die C. However, the requirement o
34、f Table 1 shallapply regardless of the die used. Buffing should be carefullyperformed and kept to a minimum.8.3 Specimens for low-temperature and high-temperaturerecovery tests and for pressure deflection tests shall consist of6-in. (150-mm) lengths of the preformed seal. Low-temperature recovery an
35、d pressure deflection specimens shallbe lightly dusted with talc on all internal and external surfaces.Specimens for high-temperature recovery shall be lightlydusted with talc on the external surfaces only.9. Test Methods9.1 Compliance with the requirements of Table 1 shall bedetermined by tests con
36、ducted in accordance with the methodsspecified.9.2 Recovery Tests:9.2.1 Determine the low-temperature and high-temperaturerecovery test values using specimens prepared in accordancewith Section 8. Two specimens shall be used for each test.9.2.2 Deflect the specimen between parallel plates to 50 %of
37、the nominal width using the compression set clamp assem-bly described in Method B of Test Method D395. Prior tocompression, place the specimen in a horizontal position, suchthat the plane through both edges of the top surface of the jointseal is perpendicular to the compression plate.As the specimen
38、is being compressed, the top surface of the joint seal shouldfold inward toward the center of the specimen.9.2.3 Place a clamp assembly containing the compressedspecimen in a refrigerated box capable of maintaining atemperature of 14 6 2F (10 6 1.1C) for 72 h. Unclamp theassembly and remove the uppe
39、r compression plate, or carefullyremove the specimen from the assembly and transfer it to awooden surface in the refrigerated box. Allow the specimen torecover for1hat146 2F (10 6 1.1C). Measure therecovered width in the center of the 6-in. (150mm) length atboth the top and bottom longitudinal edges
40、 of the specimen.The recovered width shall be taken as an average of these twomeasurements. Measurements may be made with either a dialcaliper or a platform-mounted dial gauge graduated in thou-sandths of an inch (0.025 mm). The platform-mounted gaugeshall have a14-in. (6mm) diameter pressure foot w
41、ith a forceof 0.18 6 0.02 lbf (0.80 6 0.09 N). Measurements with theplatform-mounted gauge should be taken with the pressure footcentered on the longitudinal edge of the seal. Calculate therecovery as follows:Recovery, % 5 recovered width 3100!/nominal width! (1)Report the least value of recovery to
42、 the nearest 1 %.NOTE 3The use of a desiccant, such as calcium chloride, in therefrigerated box should be used to minimize frosting.The desiccant shouldbe changed or reactivated as frequently as necessary to keep it effective.9.2.4 Place a clamp assembly containing the compressedspecimen in a refrig
43、erated box capable of maintaining atemperature of 20 6 2F (29 6 1.1C) for 22 h. (Note 3).Unclamp the assembly and remove the upper compressionplate, or carefully remove the specimen and transfer it to awooden surface in the refrigerated box. Allow the specimen torecover for1hat206 2F (29 6 1.1C). Me
44、asure therecovered width and calculate the recovery as in 9.2.3.9.2.5 Place a clamp assembly containing the compressedspecimen in an oven conforming to Test Method D573. Thetemperature shall be maintained at 212 6 2F (100 6 1.1C)for 70 h. Do not preheat the clamp assembly. Unclamp theassembly, caref
45、ully remove the specimen, and allow it torecover at 73 6 4F (23 6 2.2C) on a wooden surface for 1h. Measure the recovered width and calculate the recovery as in9.2.3.9.3 Compression-Deflection Tests:9.3.1 Determine compression-deflection values using speci-mens prepared in accordance with Section 8.
46、 Measure thelength of each specimen at the top, center, and bottom using arule graduated in thirty seconds of an inch (or millimetres).Average the three measurements and record as the length of thespecimen to the nearest132 in. (0.8 mm). Measure the height ofthe contact area on both sides and at bot
47、h ends (four measure-ments) with a dial caliper or suitable rule. Average and recordto the nearest132 in. (0.8 mm).9.3.2 Calculate the contact area of the specimen by multi-plying the average length times the average height of thecontact area as determined above.9.3.3 Calculate the forces required t
48、o compress the speci-men to LC min and LC max by multiplying the contact areatimes 3 psi (20.68 kPa) and 35 psi (241.32 kPa), respectively.9.3.4 Place the specimen on its side in such a manner that aplane through both edges of the top surface of the seal shall beperpendicular to the platens. Close t
49、he platens until thedistance between them is slightly larger than the actual widthof the seal. Test in accordance with Method A of Test MethodD575, except that the speed shall be 0.5 6 0.05 in. (13 6 1.3mm)/min, and the sheets of sandpaper are not used.9.3.5 Compress the specimen to LC max by observing theforce calculated in 9.3.3. Immediately reverse at the same rateto the original distance between the platens. Repeat this cycletwo times for a total of three cycles. Record the compressedwidth of the seal obtained at
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