ASTM D3665-2012 Standard Practice for Random Sampling of Construction Materials《建筑材料的随机采样的标准实施规程》.pdf

1、Designation:D3665071Designation: D3665 12Standard Practice forRandom Sampling of Construction Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3665; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last rev

2、ision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEFootnote 1 and 3.1 were editorially corrected in December 2010.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the determination of random locations

3、 (or timing) at which samples of construction materials can betaken. For the exact physical procedures for securing the sample, such as a description of the sampling tool, the number ofincrements needed for a sample, or the size of the sample, reference should be made to the appropriate standard met

4、hod. Theselection procedures in Section 6 utilize the table of four-digit numbers given in Table 1.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healt

5、h practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed ConcreteC183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of Hydraulic CementD75 Practice for Sampling AggregatesD140 Practice for

6、Sampling Bituminous MaterialsD345 Test Method for Sampling and Testing Calcium Chloride for Roads and Structural ApplicationsD979 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Paving MixturesD5361 Practice for Sampling Compacted Bituminous Mixtures for Laboratory TestingE105 Practice for Probability Sampling of

7、MaterialsE122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot orProcessE141 Practice for Acceptance of Evidence Based on the Results of Probability Sampling3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 rep

8、resentative sample, n(1) a random sample; or (2) an unbiased sample.3.1.1.1 random sample, na sample obtained from a lot of material in such a manner that all parts of the lot have a knownprobability of being included in the sample.3.1.1.2 DiscussionAn example of random sample is the case where spec

9、ifications limit roadway sampling to within one footof the edge, therefore the probability of inclusion of samples within one foot of the edge is zero.3.1.1.3 unbiased sample, na sample obtained from a lot of material in such a manner that all parts of the lot have an equalprobability of being inclu

10、ded in the sample.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice is useful for determining the location or time, or both, to take a sample in order to minimize any unintentionalbias on the part of the person taking the sample.NOTE 1The effectiveness of this practice in achieving random samples is limited

11、only by the conscientiousness of the user in following the stipulatedprocedures.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.30 on Methods ofSampling.Current edition approvedAug.June 1, 2007.2012. Pub

12、lishedAugust 2007.June 2012. Originally approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D3665 067.DOI: 10.1520/D3665-07.10.1520/D3665-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Stan

13、dardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possibl

14、e to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West

15、Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.2 The selection procedures and examples in this standard provide a practical approach for ensuring that construction materialsamples are obtained in a random manner. Additional details concerning the number of sample increments, the number of samples,the

16、quantities of material in each, and the procedures for extracting sample increments or samples from the construction lot orprocess are contained in Practices C172, C183, D75, D140, D979, D5361, and Test Method D345.4.3 This standard contains examples citing road and paving materials. The concepts ou

17、tlined thereinherein are applicable to therandom sampling of any construction material and can easily be adapted thereto.4.4 Additional sampling guidance is provided in Practice E105 concerning probability sampling, Practice E122 concerningchoosing sample sizes to estimate the average quality of a l

18、ot or process (see Note 2), and in Practice E141 for acceptance ofevidence based on results of probability sampling.D3665 122NOTE 2The guidance contained in Practice E122 is not available in other documents referenced in this section.4.5 The best and most practical method for ensuring that samples o

19、f construction materials include the full range of aconstruction process is by incorporating a stratified-random sampling procedure into the sampling process. To implement astratified-random sampling procedure, divide the lot to be sampled into the desired number of equal sublots and randomly sample

20、each sublot in accordance with this standard.NOTE 3If the sublots are of unequal size, it will likely be necessary to weight the samples in order to maintain a fair and defensible sampling process.TABLE 1 Table of Random NumbersColumnRow1234567891011213141516171819201 0.0356 0.8697 0.2205 0.4538 0.8

21、827 0.4225 0.4008 0.4615 0.7901 0.6500 0.3838 0.6723 0.3978 0.8775 0.5588 0.8829 0.8980 0.3108 0.8204 0.58092 0.8580 0.2990 0.4644 0.4871 0.8163 0.9263 0.4562 0.6337 0.3934 0.4141 0.9521 0.2879 0.6361 0.2021 0.7589 0.1870 0.9183 0.6149 0.4569 0.03783 0.8868 0.7446 0.6652 0.8173 0.4798 0.0117 0.3324

22、0.0097 0.6668 0.0963 0.0875 0.8582 0.7717 0.2669 0.0231 0.3648 0.2685 0.9928 0.9793 0.44114 0.7940 0.9892 0.5329 0.1233 0.0121 0.1633 0.2466 0.6142 0.3381 0.0445 0.3771 0.5309 0.9193 0.6072 0.1577 0.4387 0.7038 0.8757 0.2657 0.30065 0.0305 0.8423 0.6766 0.4190 0.2374 0.8753 0.4063 0.3408 0.9021 0.90

23、39 0.5236 0.8083 0.3872 0.6830 0.8937 0.1957 0.8938 0.5609 0.7841 0.90786 0.1990 0.1379 0.1276 0.8425 0.7700 0.0468 0.4882 0.7197 0.6832 0.7265 0.1392 0.4944 0.1193 0.2191 0.9428 0.0598 0.1253 0.0438 0.2364 0.82837 0.7772 0.5641 0.3472 0.7382 0.3921 0.6947 0.1795 0.8053 0.3994 0.8987 0.9821 0.3976 0

24、.9681 0.0133 0.4219 0.2847 0.6499 0.7325 0.2250 0.71638 0.8062 0.3416 0.7687 0.1519 0.3264 0.6758 0.9357 0.1854 0.4155 0.1200 0.6862 0.9827 0.8000 0.5474 0.6931 0.0730 0.7022 0.4352 0.8045 0.93089 0.0653 0.1296 0.4614 0.5070 0.1989 0.9625 0.9050 0.9109 0.3074 0.0470 0.8219 0.9812 0.8277 0.3898 0.172

25、5 0.6658 0.2857 0.7811 0.1973 0.114410 0.4181 0.4971 0.3942 0.4448 0.2319 0.5155 0.9658 0.1595 0.1979 0.3377 0.2642 0.3430 0.0945 0.2011 0.5689 0.1731 0.4044 0.3248 0.2343 0.794811 0.9174 0.0714 0.3789 0.6153 0.5821 0.9347 0.5790 0.4254 0.8405 0.8805 0.5125 0.1703 0.5123 0.9250 0.5521 0.2550 0.6623

26、0.5314 0.3974 0.861212 0.3636 0.0533 0.7853 0.8393 0.2079 0.6486 0.7869 0.2127 0.2143 0.8966 0.2007 0.7918 0.5869 0.1063 0.8177 0.7662 0.8717 0.6379 0.8377 0.119913 0.5300 0.7917 0.4838 0.5933 0.1910 0.7645 0.3495 0.6484 0.9602 0.4602 0.1401 0.5121 0.4541 0.9585 0.7676 0.3336 0.9076 0.2465 0.8121 0.

27、718614 0.2863 0.9575 0.2481 0.0518 0.1765 0.9679 0.1299 0.9131 0.3051 0.7447 0.3026 0.2638 0.8831 0.6835 0.9893 0.9380 0.2478 0.8369 0.8063 0.309415 0.0919 0.8835 0.1516 0.0738 0.7219 0.3144 0.1118 0.5779 0.3448 0.8988 0.4771 0.3194 0.5435 0.7660 0.2173 0.7613 0.7741 0.6532 0.7655 0.531916 0.2116 0.

28、7835 0.9001 0.3824 0.2247 0.0826 0.5451 0.8301 0.6777 0.5574 0.1168 0.6111 0.6003 0.3233 0.1176 0.7856 0.7148 0.2957 0.5507 0.795617 0.5583 0.4657 0.9500 0.9321 0.7194 0.0313 0.1899 0.5829 0.9650 0.6273 0.6164 0.0801 0.8359 0.6847 0.2880 0.9049 0.7390 0.6729 0.5807 0.415218 0.3455 0.6793 0.5516 0.64

29、13 0.0806 0.9489 0.2105 0.5373 0.5276 0.7742 0.6070 0.1399 0.4579 0.5358 0.8796 0.3889 0.9118 0.6181 0.3749 0.113619 0.9809 0.1277 0.2121 0.6564 0.8096 0.1339 0.1651 0.8728 0.5060 0.2562 0.0575 0.4796 0.1025 0.8165 0.4659 0.6653 0.2532 0.6848 0.5896 0.697820 0.3544 0.3332 0.1076 0.9623 0.9570 0.9005

30、 0.7518 0.2124 0.7816 0.0524 0.3852 0.2564 0.3572 0.2538 0.2743 0.2239 0.2928 0.4689 0.6561 0.552521 0.3107 0.4720 0.8457 0.7880 0.3941 0.8184 0.7261 0.8509 0.8218 0.6054 0.2363 0.3096 0.9851 0.6575 0.3180 0.2515 0.0205 0.4551 0.9801 0.442222 0.3105 0.8302 0.4188 0.3404 0.6603 0.8052 0.7317 0.0376 0

31、.4959 0.8992 0.4175 0.1798 0.6674 0.0772 0.9646 0.1547 0.9817 0.3133 0.9012 0.055523 0.2795 0.5932 0.5858 0.6159 0.3832 0.7783 0.5636 0.6465 0.0149 0.0369 0.7373 0.5268 0.1544 0.0465 0.9359 0.5398 0.4154 0.6665 0.5770 0.797624 0.1222 0.4230 0.9137 0.6906 0.6160 0.5612 0.2425 0.9598 0.2475 0.1652 0.2

32、774 0.4059 0.7871 0.4323 0.2282 0.7970 0.1964 0.8050 0.5935 0.685225 0.3933 0.4639 0.9741 0.9616 0.5343 0.6853 0.0568 0.0109 0.5199 0.2707 0.7138 0.4932 0.4308 0.1584 0.0059 0.0467 0.8550 0.7407 0.3616 0.841826 0.6375 0.9508 0.6063 0.6271 0.0392 0.9462 0.7996 0.9033 0.8493 0.5789 0.3668 0.9685 0.327

33、3 0.9763 0.7681 0.3785 0.3716 0.6096 0.5991 0.497727 0.8828 0.8225 0.7213 0.8026 0.9042 0.2941 0.4287 0.6298 0.3062 0.4836 0.1267 0.3965 0.5990 0.4737 0.1563 0.8610 0.2998 0.1816 0.4540 0.160828 0.4528 0.0677 0.9607 0.6735 0.7048 0.3927 0.6913 0.3480 0.7553 0.4496 0.4527 0.3829 0.3461 0.4393 0.0062

34、0.9974 0.3989 0.2966 0.0273 0.267229 0.8241 0.9913 0.6051 0.1978 0.7680 0.0890 0.9716 0.5439 0.2246 0.5703 0.5120 0.7354 0.6625 0.2479 0.4592 0.3497 0.7953 0.2891 0.1571 0.441530 0.7673 0.7565 0.8132 0.3048 0.7381 0.1866 0.3811 0.1395 0.9473 0.4633 0.2630 0.0805 0.5110 0.5886 0.6523 0.8708 0.1482 0.

35、9179 0.7410 0.180031 0.1455 0.2822 0.5090 0.0486 0.1449 0.3154 0.6839 0.6125 0.2583 0.0908 0.4781 0.4029 0.3166 0.9201 0.9360 0.1265 0.6174 0.4998 0.7994 0.443132 0.5559 0.4417 0.9958 0.1375 0.3938 0.3579 0.3056 0.4888 0.9534 0.5698 0.4302 0.1562 0.3409 0.4339 0.5964 0.1856 0.9748 0.8212 0.8917 0.61

36、1433 0.3869 0.0389 0.8325 0.1481 0.9486 0.4295 0.2151 0.9310 0.6474 0.4319 0.8648 0.1625 0.7669 0.1420 0.1235 0.7456 0.4629 0.8687 0.8111 0.284834 0.6846 0.5393 0.5101 0.6459 0.3384 0.7169 0.7646 0.5726 0.7334 0.8675 0.5246 0.5501 0.7638 0.0602 0.5551 0.7096 0.8306 0.1124 0.9806 0.826135 0.7412 0.16

37、70 0.9434 0.5619 0.7958 0.7664 0.5776 0.7392 0.8174 0.2921 0.4320 0.4198 0.4405 0.8766 0.5255 0.6235 0.2760 0.8997 0.3319 0.830536 0.2962 0.8959 0.1923 0.2913 0.3496 0.7490 0.3268 0.6689 0.5693 0.6985 0.8471 0.3621 0.2606 0.9251 0.4396 0.9781 0.9281 0.4138 0.5440 0.400337 0.5891 0.2476 0.5682 0.7971

38、 0.7684 0.7739 0.9110 0.5279 0.2185 0.2267 0.5786 0.5259 0.6820 0.5864 0.8436 0.2467 0.2174 0.1038 0.3551 0.079038 0.6755 0.6776 0.0063 0.7536 0.4472 0.7270 0.6630 0.7563 0.9819 0.7059 0.4127 0.5392 0.2353 0.2671 0.2581 0.4313 0.1492 0.7071 0.4245 0.525639 0.0304 0.3065 0.7253 0.5462 0.4887 0.9677 0

39、.0836 0.7073 0.6673 0.8901 0.6168 0.1682 0.6479 0.5838 0.9895 0.9052 0.8041 0.3085 0.7294 0.543040 0.1217 0.6469 0.1386 0.6736 0.8927 0.8188 0.3325 0.1298 0.1470 0.9798 0.4001 0.5649 0.4773 0.1993 0.5547 0.3928 0.1065 0.4847 0.7819 0.395241 0.7083 0.2750 0.5020 0.2919 0.1907 0.9975 0.1699 0.1580 0.2

40、987 0.2015 0.4603 0.0733 0.8926 0.1103 0.1701 0.5732 0.7292 0.1786 0.8474 0.993242 0.0138 0.7882 0.5022 0.1523 0.0226 0.4346 0.6656 0.1293 0.6284 0.5922 0.2738 0.5046 0.0043 0.3289 0.6412 0.5496 0.0359 0.8640 0.7372 0.014543 0.9341 0.1961 0.2243 0.5299 0.3272 0.0774 0.3768 0.3298 0.3886 0.4275 0.060

41、6 0.7166 0.3356 0.5960 0.3007 0.0351 0.9280 0.7488 0.5522 0.103244 0.8614 0.7227 0.3796 0.7818 0.6428 0.7740 0.6341 0.5229 0.2931 0.3303 0.8021 0.4166 0.0175 0.0163 0.1924 0.0722 0.0368 0.3633 0.9159 0.693045 0.5385 0.5289 0.9784 0.8562 0.5176 0.7345 0.9587 0.0743 0.6001 0.0235 0.5561 0.3000 0.6912

42、0.5096 0.0435 0.5320 0.2085 0.1597 0.4799 0.517146 0.5979 0.6094 0.0863 0.2458 0.9090 0.2937 0.8195 0.1778 0.1189 0.6117 0.6220 0.7426 0.8556 0.4642 0.7908 0.4669 0.5250 0.5791 0.6536 0.234947 0.9057 0.1826 0.2980 1.0000 0.6281 0.9134 0.7457 0.4114 0.1380 0.8544 0.9832 0.2391 0.3897 0.6078 0.5774 0.

43、8249 0.3363 0.7580 0.3101 0.829048 0.4315 0.5204 0.7018 0.5839 0.8344 0.3552 0.3506 0.2907 0.2367 0.7180 0.4895 0.7000 0.3876 0.6223 0.8169 0.7256 0.5919 0.1493 0.6872 0.616649 0.3747 0.3067 0.5837 0.3798 0.2122 0.1231 0.7528 0.5004 0.8587 0.2019 0.5503 0.8136 0.2197 0.3593 0.9098 0.6697 0.8790 0.99

44、54 0.8384 0.261650 0.2108 0.5876 0.3779 0.3313 0.9510 0.7574 0.7844 0.0986 0.9460 0.8196 0.6916 0.3286 0.4119 0.1974 0.4312 0.7993 0.5471 0.0599 0.7504 0.155051 0.2546 0.6608 0.5509 0.3473 0.5846 0.8948 0.2115 0.3412 0.1180 0.0740 0.9903 0.9390 0.3151 0.6119 0.5192 0.2134 0.3132 0.5544 0.9249 0.4246

45、52 0.8546 0.5976 0.4030 0.6020 0.4150 0.1462 0.3160 0.2477 0.9297 0.7111 0.7067 0.7858 0.5707 0.0520 0.1583 0.2253 0.7338 0.5280 0.2334 0.0896D3665 123TABLE 1 ContinuedColumnRow12345678910112131415161718192053 0.3835 0.8346 0.1555 0.9635 0.5912 0.5211 0.2264 0.1373 0.6416 0.2488 0.5816 0.8532 0.9682

46、 0.1575 0.2873 0.8617 0.8485 0.2526 0.5128 0.178254 0.3164 0.9559 0.6894 0.3290 0.0857 0.1933 0.3185 0.0699 0.0431 0.2781 0.6186 0.0907 0.5089 0.1892 0.2572 0.9905 0.0665 0.1066 0.9961 0.993055 0.3130 0.1475 0.9099 0.8060 0.0338 0.0625 0.0549 0.7349 0.3866 0.1752 0.5421 0.3931 0.6343 0.7156 0.8422 0

47、.6514 0.7890 0.2924 0.1809 0.269256 0.7911 0.5716 0.0373 0.5861 0.1039 0.6798 0.8594 0.8317 0.0354 0.9736 0.8922 0.1227 0.5902 0.0797 0.7425 0.5556 0.2123 0.5029 0.1628 0.486957 0.9198 0.5400 0.0666 0.5460 0.4048 0.6112 0.4347 0.4186 0.9478 0.2586 0.9874 0.3600 0.0458 0.6272 0.1150 0.8650 0.4912 0.7

48、474 0.5485 0.570258 0.8727 0.2502 0.4855 0.8685 0.4243 0.0791 0.4340 0.3848 0.9395 0.5653 0.0472 0.2773 0.5950 0.7770 0.2336 0.3219 0.4946 0.2358 0.0136 0.033059 0.7465 0.3035 0.9044 0.4627 0.0384 0.1256 0.9422 0.5983 0.0072 0.1259 0.0720 0.9546 0.0802 0.9629 0.8070 0.5780 0.2286 0.7404 0.7060 0.582

49、660 0.4104 0.6921 0.0984 0.2920 0.0793 0.4349 0.4265 0.1730 0.0200 0.6064 0.1326 0.3555 0.9144 0.9922 0.7804 0.9459 0.1830 0.6811 0.4276 0.131661 0.1097 0.5659 0.6392 0.7802 0.6662 0.9464 0.3442 0.5566 0.8280 0.3671 0.7720 0.2833 0.3675 0.5129 0.0057 0.6463 0.6825 0.9235 0.6927 0.899962 0.6980 0.2260 0.4972 0.5389 0.6865 0.8203 0.1190 0.7523 0.7272 0.8088 0.2812 0.5218 0.1928 0.5062 0.5475 0.7935 0.9849 0.9666 0.1818 0.513163 0.2575 0.4500 0.9663 0.5629 0.8838 0.9085 0.5323 0.9553 0.3917 0.3432 0.6702 0.2046 0.6926 0.4418 0.2776 0.6738 0.2440 0.0118 0.5408 0.212564 0.36