ASTM D3667-2005 Standard Specification for Rubber Seals Used in Flat-Plate Solar Collectors《平板太阳能集热器用橡胶密封件的标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: D 3667 05Standard Specification forRubber Seals Used in Flat-Plate Solar Collectors1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3667; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.

2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the general requirements

3、 formaterials used in rubber seals of flat-plate solar collectors,except vertically mounted passive collectors. Particular appli-cations may necessitate other requirements that would takeprecedence over these requirements when specified.1.2 The design requirement pertains only to permissibledeflecti

4、ons of the rubber during thermal expansion or contrac-tion of the seal in use and the tolerances in dimensions ofmolded and extruded seals.1.3 This specification does not include requirements per-taining to the fabrication or installation of the seals.NOTE 1Practices G 151 and G 155 are performance-

5、based practicesthat replace Practice G26cited in previous versions of D 3667. PracticeG26 described very specific designs for devices used for xenon arcexposure. The apparatus described in Practice G26 is covered by thepractices that replace it.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as

6、standard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only toSection 9, Test Methods, of this specification: This standarddoes not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility o

7、f the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 661 Test Method for Indentation Hardness ofElastomeric-Type Sealants by Means of a DurometerC 717 Terminol

8、ogy of Building Seals and SealantsC 719 Test Method for Adhesion and Cohesion of Elasto-meric Joint Sealants Under Cyclic Movement (HockmanCycle)D 395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompressionSetD 412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-plastic ElastomersTensionD 865 Test Method for Rubb

9、erDeterioration by Heatingin Air (Test Tube Enclosure)D 1149 Test Method for Rubber DeteriorationSurfaceOzone Cracking in a ChamberD 1229 Test Method for Rubber PropertyCompressionSet at Low TemperaturesD 1349 Practice for RubberStandard Temperatures forTestingD 1415 Test Method for Rubber PropertyI

10、nternationalHardnessD 1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD 2137 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyBrittlenessPoint of Flexible Polymers and Coated FabricsD 2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometerHardnessD 3182 Practice for RubberMaterials, Equipment, andProcedures for Mixing Standard Compounds a

11、nd Prepar-ing Standard Vulcanized SheetsD 3183 Practice for RubberPreparation of Pieces for TestPurposes from ProductsG7 Practice for Atmospheric Environmental ExposureTesting of Nonmetallic MaterialsG26 Practice for Operating Light-Exposure Apparatus(Xenon-Arc Type) With and Without Water for Expos

12、ureof Nonmetallic Materials3G 151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Ac-celerated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light SourcesG 155 Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatusfor Exposure of Non-Metallic Materials2.2 Other Standards:41This specification is under the jurisdiction o

13、fASTM Committee D11 on Rubberand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D11.36 on Seals.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2005. Published January 2006. Originallyapproved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 366785 (2000).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, w

14、ww.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.4Available from the Rubber ManufacturersAssociation (RMA), 1400 K St., NW,Suite 900, Washington, DC 20005.1

15、Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.RMA Handbook Rubber Products: Molded, Extruded,Lathe Cut, and Cellular3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsRefer to the definitions of terms in Termi-nology C 717 and Terminology D 1566.4. Class

16、ification4.1 Types:4.1.1 Type C, intended for use in cold climates (below -10Cin winter).4.1.2 Type W, intended for use in warm climates (above-10C in winter).4.2 Grades:4.2.1 Grade designations represent differing degrees ofhardness as follows:4.2.1.1 Grade 2, hardness of 20 6 5.4.2.1.2 Grade 3, ha

17、rdness of 30 6 5.4.2.1.3 Grade 4, hardness of 40 6 5.4.2.1.4 Grade 5, hardness of 50 6 5.4.2.1.5 Grade 6, hardness of 60 6 5.4.2.1.6 Grade 7, hardness of 70 6 5.4.2.1.7 Grade 8, hardness of 80 6 5.NOTE 2The grade to be used in a particular application depends onthe design of the seal and must be spe

18、cified by the designer.4.3 Classes:4.3.1 Seals shall be classified as follows:4.3.1.1 Class PS, preformed rubber seal.4.3.1.2 Class SC, sealing compound.NOTE 3Class SC material should not be used in designs where theseal is under mechanical stress.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Seals shall be rubbe

19、r vulcanizates conforming to therequirements in Section 6 and resistant to deterioration by solarradiation.5.1.1 Resistance to solar radiation can be determined byeither desert outdoor exposure in accordance with Practice G7,or laboratory exposure to a xenon arc in accordance withPractices G 151 and

20、 G 155. Desert outdoor exposure usingunbacked specimens at an angle of 45 shall be for at least sixmonths including at least one month preceding and followingthe summer solstice. Laboratory exposure shall use windowglass filters and the exposure device shall be programmed forcontinuous light only. T

21、he irradiance level shall be set at 0.35W/(m2.nm) at 340 nm at the control point. For the equivalentirradiance setting specifications for broad band measurementsof 300400 nm and 300800 nm, consult the namufacturer ofthe apparatus. The uninsulated black panel temperature shall beset at 70C at the con

22、trol point. In devices that control chamberair temperature, it shall be set at 47C. The relative humidityshall be set at 30 % at the control point. Exposure durationshall be for at least 1000 h, but of sufficient length to producea statistically significant change in the property of interest in apro

23、duct known to give poor performance so that the test is ableto identify an unacceptable material. After exposure, slightsurface chalking and dulling are permitted. Brittleness, crack-ing, loss of elongation, tackiness, or other deterioration affect-ing serviceability shall not be permitted.NOTE 4For

24、 the allowed operational fluctuations of the specified setpoints for irradiance, temperature, and relative humidity, refer toTable A3.1 in G 151. If the actual operating conditions do not comply withthe maximum allowable fluctuations in Table A3.1 after the equipment hasstabilized, discontinue the t

25、est and correct the cause of the problem beforecontinuing.6. Requirements6.1 Class PS material shall conform to the requirementsgiven in Table 1.6.2 Class SC material shall conform to the requirementsgiven in Table 2.TABLE 1 Requirements for Class PS Material Used to Seal Flat-Plate Solar Collectors

26、PropertyGradeASTM TestMethod34 5 678Ultimate elongation, min, % 350 300 250 200 150 100 D 412Compression set, max, %:after 70 h at 150C 30 30 30 30 30 30 D 395Aafter 166 h at 10C 60 60 60 60 60 60 D 1229BResistance to heating (for 166 h at150C):CD 865Hardness change, max 10 10 10 10 10 10 D 1415 orD

27、 2240Ultimate elongation change, max, % 30 30 30 30 30 30 D 412Tensile strength change, max, % 20 20 20 20 20 20 D 412Volatiles lost, max, % 1 1 1 1 1 1 See 9.3Volatiles condensible, max, % 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 See 9.4Resistance to ozone: D 1149100 mPa,Dfor 166 h at 40C No crackingResistance for

28、low temperature: D 2137Type C only, max, C 40 40 40 40 40 40AMethod B.BSet to be measured at 10 s after release. Lubricated plates or polytetrafluoroethylene film is recommended if the rubber adheres to the metal compression plates duringtest.CThe test temperature of 150C is used to test seals for c

29、over plates. A seal in contact with an absorber plate should be tested at a standard test temperature listedin Practice D 1349 next above the maximum temperature of the absorber plate in service (which generally occurs under stagnation conditions and maximum radiation flux)but not less than 150C. Th

30、e higher test temperatures are: 175, 200, 225, and 250.D100 mPa of ozone partial pressure is equivalent to 100 pphm at standard atmospheric pressure (100 kPa). See new terminology on ozone content expressionsdescribed in Test Method D 1149.D36670527. Dimensions7.1 The design of the seal shall not pe

31、rmit the rubber todeflect more than 25 % in any direction during thermalexpansion and contraction of the solar collector.NOTE 5If the thermal coefficient of linear expansion for the rubber isnot known, a value of 0.0003/K may be assumed for design purposes.7.2 The tolerances in dimensions shall conf

32、orm to thefollowing designations in the RMA Handbook:7.2.1 Molded Seals:7.2.1.1 Commercial DimensionsRMA A3-F3-T.032.7.2.1.2 Critical DimensionsRMA A2-F3-T.032.7.2.2 Extruded Seals:7.2.2.1 Commercial DimensionsRMA A2-F3.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 Class PS seals shall be free of bliste

33、rs, checks, cracks,and other imperfections that can affect their ability to make ormaintain a watertight seal.8.2 Class SC material shall be uniform in composition andbe free of defects that may affect serviceability.9. Test Methods9.1 Class PS MaterialPrepare the specimens as pre-scribed in Practic

34、e D 3183 and test the material in accordancewith the test methods given in Table 1. For control ofproduction, specimens may be taken from standard test sheetsprepared in accordance with Practice D 3182, using the sameunvulcanized material used to prepare the seals and vulcaniz-ing the material at th

35、e same temperature used for the seals to anequivalent state of vulcanization.9.2 Class SC MaterialPrepare five sheets approximately150 by 150 by 2 mm in accordance with instructions suppliedwith the sealing material. Also, prepare five adhesion speci-mens in accordance with Test Method C 719. Prefer

36、ably,prepare each sheet and adhesion specimen from material in adifferent container. Condition the sheets and adhesion speci-mens for 14 days at a temperature of 23C and relativehumidity of 50 %. Test the material in accordance with the testmethods given in Table 2.9.3 Determine volatiles lost from

37、the difference in mass ofthe specimens before and after heating for 166 h at thetemperature given in Table 1 or Table 2 and as prescribed inTest Method D 865.9.4 Determine volatiles condensable at 23C from thedifference in mass of the outlet tubes before and after heatingthe specimens for 166 h at t

38、he temperature given in Table 1 orTable 2 in accordance with Test Method D 865. If necessary,cool the exposed portion of the outlet tube with a stream of airto maintain a temperature of 23 6 2C. If any volatilescondense on the inlet tube or other parts of the apparatus, addthe mass of this condensed

39、 material to the mass of the materialon the outlet tube.10. Inspection and Rejection10.1 Class PS MaterialManufacturers of preformed sealsmay use their quality control systems for production inspectionto ensure the seals conform with this specification, providedappropriate records are kept. In case

40、of dispute regarding thequality of a delivered product, a sample of five seals shall betaken from the lot and tested for compliance with this specifi-cation. If one of the five seals does not conform, a secondsample of five seals may be taken and tested. If two or more ofthe ten seals do not conform

41、, the lot may be rejected.10.2 Class SC MaterialManufacturers may use their qual-ity control systems to ensure production conforms with thisspecification. In case of dispute regarding the quality of adelivered product, five test sheets and five adhesion specimensshall be prepared, preferably from fi

42、ve different packages, inaccordance with the instructions supplied with the sealingmaterial. If one of the five sheets or adhesion specimens doesnot conform, an additional five sheets or adhesion specimensmay be prepared and tested. If two or more of the ten sheets oradhesion specimens do not confor

43、m, the lot may be rejected.11. Product Marking11.1 The following information shall be marked either onthe seal, packaging, label, or tag:11.1.1 Name, brand, or trademark of the manufacturer,11.1.2 Type and grade,11.1.3 Compliance with Specification D 3667, and11.1.4 Other information required by the

44、 manufacturer orpurchaser.12. Packaging and Package Marking12.1 Material shall be protected by suitable packaging toprevent damage during shipment or storage prior to installationin the solar collector.TABLE 2 Requirements for Class SC Material Used to Seal Flat-Plate Solar CollectorsProperty Grade

45、ASTM TestMethod234Ultimate elongation, min, % 200 150 100 D 412Resistance to heating (for 166 h at 125C) D 865Hardness change, max 10 10 10 C 661Ultimate elongation change, max, % 30 30 30 D 412Tensile strength change, max, % 20 20 20 D 412Volatiles lost, max, % 1 1 1 See 9.3AVolatiles condensible,

46、max, % 0.1 0.1 0.1 See 9.4AResistance to ozone: D 1149100 mPa, for 166 h at 40C No crackingResistance to low temperature D 2137Type C only, max, C 40 40 40Adhesion loss, max, cm2B999C 719AThis test is not required if the design precludes condensing of the volatiles on the cover plate(s) of the solar

47、 collector.BThe combined loss in bond and cohesion areas for the three specimens tested shall not exceed 9 mm2.D366705313. Keywords13.1 flat-plate solar collectors; preformed seals; rubber;sealing compoundsASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in

48、connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the res

49、ponsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the addres