1、Designation: D 3754 06An American National StandardStandard Specification for“Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin)Sewer and Industrial Pressure Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3754; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofo
2、riginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers machine-made fiberglass pipe,8 in
3、. (200 mm) through 156 in. (4000 mm), for use in pressuresystems for conveying sanitary sewage, storm water, and manyindustrial wastes, and corrosive fluids. Both glass-fiber-reinforced thermosetting-resin pipe (RTRP) and glass-fiber-reinforced polymer mortar pipe (RPMP) are fiberglass pipes.This st
4、andard is suited primarily for pipes to be installed inburied applications, although it may be used to the extentapplicable for other installations such as, but not limited to,jacking, tunnel lining and slip-lining and rehabilitation ofexisting pipelines. Pipe covered by this specification is in-ten
5、ded to operate at internal gage pressures of 450 psi (3103kPa) or less.NOTE 1For the purposes of this standard, polymer does not includenatural polymers.1.2 The values given in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are providedfor information purposes on
6、ly.NOTE 2There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 8, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of t
7、he userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C33 Specification for Concrete AggregatesC 581 Practice for Determining Chemical Resistance ofThermosetting R
8、esins Used in Glass-Fiber-ReinforcedStructures Intended for Liquid ServiceD 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 695 Test Method for Compressive Properties of RigidPlasticsD 790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Mater
9、ialsD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 2290 Test Method forApparent Hoop Tensile Strength ofPlastic or Reinforced Plastic Pipe by Split Disk MethodD 2412 Test Method for Determination of External LoadingCharacteristics of Plastic Pipe
10、by Parallel-Plate LoadingD 2584 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured ReinforcedResinsD 2992 Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure De-sign Basis for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-ReinforcedThermosetting-Resin) Pipe and FittingsD 3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiber-glass” (Glass-
11、Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipeand FittingsD 3681 Test Method for Chemical Resistance of “Fiber-glass” (GlassFiberReinforced Thermosetting-Resin)Pipe in a Deflected ConditionD 3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD 4161 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Ther
12、mosetting-Resin) Pipe Joints Using Flex-ible Elastomeric SealsF 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF 477 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) forJoining Plastic Pipe2.2 ISO Standard:ISO 1172 Textile Glass Reinforced PlasticsDeterminationof Loss on Ignition32.3 AWWA Standard:1
13、This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on ReinforcedPlastic Piping Systems and Chemical Equipment.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2006. Published November 2006. Originallyapproved in 1979. Last previous e
14、dition approved 2004 as D 3754 04.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Na
15、tional Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.AWWAC-950 Glass-Fiber Reinforced Thermosetting ResinPressure Pipe43. Terminology3.1 D
16、efinitions:3.1.1 GeneralDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nology D 883 or Terminology F 412 and abbreviations withTerminology D 1600, unless otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 fiberglass pipea tubular product containing glassfiber reinforcements embed
17、ded in or surrounded by curedthermosetting resin. The composite structure may containaggregate, granular or platelet fillers, thixotropic agents, pig-ments, or dyes. Thermoplastic or thermosetting liners orcoatings may be included.3.2.2 flexible jointa joint that is capable of axial displace-ment or
18、 angular rotation, or both.3.2.3 industrial pipepipe designed for internal, or externalenvironments, or both, commonly encountered in industrialpiping systems used for many process solutions or effluents.3.2.4 linera resin layer, with or without filler or reinforce-ment, or both, forming the interio
19、r surface of the pipe.3.2.5 qualification testone or more tests used to prove thedesign of a product. Not a routine quality control test.3.2.6 reinforced polymer mortar pipea fiberglass pipewith aggregate.3.2.7 reinforced thermosetting resin pipea fiberglass pipewithout aggregate.3.2.8 rigid jointa
20、joint that is not capable of axial dis-placement or angular rotation.3.2.9 surface layera resin layer, with or without filler orreinforcement, or both, applied to the exterior surface of thepipe structural wall.4. Classification4.1 GeneralThis specification covers fiberglass sewer andindustrial pres
21、sure pipe defined by raw materials in thestructural wall (type) and liner, surface layer material (grade),operating pressure (class), and pipe stiffness. Table 1 lists thetypes, liners, grades, classes, and stiffnesses that are covered.NOTE 3All possible combinations of types, liners, grades, classe
22、s,and stiffness may not be commercially available. Additional types, liners,grades, and stiffnesses may be added as they become commerciallyavailable. The purchaser should determine for himself or consult with themanufacturer for the proper class, type, liner, grade, and stiffness of pipeto be used
23、under the installation and operating conditions that will exist forthe project in which the pipe is to be used.4.2 Designation RequirementsThe pipe materials desig-nation code shall consist of the standard designation, ASTMD 3754, followed by type, liner, and grade in arabic numerals,class by the le
24、tter C with two or three arabic numerals, and pipestiffness by a capital letter. Table 1 presents a summary of thedesignation requirements. Thus a complete material code shallconsist of ASTM D 3754, three numerals, C.and two or threenumerals, and a capital letter.NOTE 4Examples of the designation co
25、des are as follows: (1) ASTMD 3754-1-1-3-C50-A for glass-fiber-reinforced aggregate and polyesterresin mortar pipe with a reinforced thermoset liner and an unreinforcedpolyester resin and sand surface layer, for operation at 50 psi (345 kPa),and having a minimum pipe stiffness of 9 psi (62 kPa). (2)
26、 ASTMD 3754-4-2-6-C200-C for glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy resin pipe with anunreinforced thermoset liner, no surface layer, for operation at 200 psi(1380 kPa) and having a minimum pipe stiffness of 36 psi (248 kPa).NOTE 5Although the “Form and Style for ASTM Standards” manualrequires that the type c
27、lassification be roman numerals, it is recognizedthat few companies have stencil-cutting equipment for this style of type,and it is therefore acceptable to mark the product type in arabic numbers.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 GeneralThe resins, reinforcements, colorants, fillers,and other material
28、s, when combined as a composite structure,shall produce a pipe that shall meet the performance require-ments of this specification.5.2 Wall CompositionThe basic structural wall composi-tion shall consist of a thermosetting resin, glass-fiber reinforce-ment, and, if used, an aggregate filler.5.2.1 Re
29、sinAthermosetting polyester or epoxy resin, withor without filler.4Available from American Water Works Association (AWWA), 6666 W. QuincyAve., Denver, CO 80235, http:/www.awwa.org.TABLE 1 General Designation Requirements for Fiberglass Pressure PipeDesig-nationProperty Cell LimitsA1 Type 1glass-fibe
30、r-reinforcedthermosetting polyesterBresinmortar (RPMP polyester)B2glass-fiber-reinforcedthermosetting polyesterBresin(RTRP polyester)B3glass-fiber-reinforcedthermosetting epoxy resinmortar (RPMP epoxy)4glass-fiber-reinforcedthermosetting epoxy resin(RTRP epoxy)2 Liner 1reinforced thermoset liner2non
31、-reinforced thermoset liner3thermoplastic liner4no liner3 Grade 1Polyester resinsurface layerreinforcedB2polyesterBresinsurface layernonreinforcedB3polyesterBresin andsand surface layernonreinforced4epoxy resinsurface layerreinforced5epoxy resinsurface layernonreinforced6No surfacelayer4 ClassCC50 C
32、100 C150 C200 C250 C300 C350 C400 C4505 Pipe Stiffnesspsi (kPa)A9 (62)B18 (124)C36 (248)D72 (496)ABCAThe cell-type format provides the means of identification and specification of piping materials. This cell-type format, however, is subject to misapplication sinceunobtainable property combinations c
33、an be selected if the user is not familiar with commercially available products. The manufacturer should be consulted.BFor the purposes of this standard, polyester includes vinyl ester resin.CBased on operating pressure in psig (numerals).D37540625.2.2 AggregateA siliceous sand conforming to the re-
34、quirements of Specification C33, except that the requirementsfor gradation shall not apply.5.2.3 ReinforcementA commercial grade of glass fiberwith a sizing compatible with the resin used.5.3 Liner and Surface LayersA liner or surface layer, orboth, when incorporated into or onto the pipe shall meet
35、 thechemical and structural requirements of this specification.5.4 JointsThe pipe shall have a joining system that shallprovide for fluid tightness for the intended service condition.Aparticular type of joint may be restrained or unrestrained andflexible or rigid depending on the specific configurat
36、ion anddesign conditions.5.4.1 UnrestrainedPipe joints capable of withstandinginternal pressure but not longitudinal forces.5.4.1.1 Coupling or Bell-and-Spigot Gasket Joints, with agroove either on the spigot or in the bell to retain anelastomeric gasket that shall be the sole element of the joint t
37、oprovide watertightness. For typical joint details see Fig. 1.5.4.1.2 Mechanical Coupling Joint, with elsastomeric seals.5.4.1.3 Butt Joint, with laminated overlay5.4.1.4 Flanged Joint, both integral and loose ring.5.4.2 RestrainedPipe joints capable of withstanding inter-nal pressure and longitudin
38、al tensile loads.5.4.2.1 Joints similar to those in 5.4.1.1 with supplementalrestraining elements.5.4.2.2 Butt Joint, with laminated overlay.5.4.2.3 Bell-and-Spigot, with laminated overlay.5.4.2.4 Bell-and-Spigot, adhesive-bonded-joint: Three typesof adhesive-bonded joints are premitted by this stan
39、dard asfollows:5.4.2.4.1 Tapered bell-and-spigot, an adhesive joint that ismanufactured with a tapered socket for use in conjunction witha tapered spigot and a suitable adhesive.5.4.2.4.2 Straight bell-and-spigot, an adhesive joint that ismanufactured with an untapered socket for use in conjunctionw
40、ith an untapered spigot and a suitable adhesive.5.4.2.4.3 Tapered bell and straight spigot, an adhesive jointthat is manufactured with a tapered socket for use with anuntapered spigot and a suitable adhesive.5.4.2.5 Flanged Joint, both integral and loose ring.5.4.2.6 Threaded Joints.5.4.2.7 Mechanic
41、al Coupling, an elastomeric sealed cou-pling with supplemental restraining elements.NOTE 6Other types of joints may be added as they become commer-cially available.NOTE 7Restrained joints typically increase service loads on the pipeto greater than those experienced with unrestrained joints. The purc
42、haseris cautioned to take into consideration all conditions that may beencountered in the anticipated service and to consult the manufacturerregarding the suitability of a particular type and class of pipe for servicewith restrained joint systems.5.5 GasketsElastomeric gaskets, when used with thispi
43、pe, shall conform to the requirements of Specification F 477,except that composition of the elastomer shall be as agreedupon between the purchaser and the supplier for the particularexposure to oily or aggressive-chemical environments.6. Requirements Requirements6.1 Workmanship:6.1.1 Each pipe shall
44、 be free from all defects includingindentations, delaminations, bubbles, pinholes, cracks, pits,blisters, foreign inclusions, and resin-starved areas that due totheir nature, degree, or extent, detrimentally affect the strengthand serviceability of the pipe. The pipe shall be as uniform ascommercial
45、ly practicable in color, opacity, density, and otherphysical properties.6.1.2 The inside surface of each pipe shall be free of bulges,dents, ridges, or other defects that result in a variation of insidediameter of more than18 in. (3.2 mm) from that obtained onadjacent unaffected portions of the surf
46、ace. No glass-fiberreinforcement shall penetrate the interior surface of the pipewall.6.1.3 Joint sealing surfaces shall be free of dents, gouges, orother surface irregularities that will affect the integrity of thejoints.6.2 Dimensions:6.2.1 Pipe DiametersThe pipe shall be supplied in thenominal di
47、ameters shown in Table 2 or Table 3. The pipediameter tolerances shall be as shown in Table 2 or Table 3,when measured in accordance with 8.1.1.6.2.2 LengthsThe pipe shall be supplied in nominallengths of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 60 ft (3.05, 6.10, 9.15, 12.19, and18.29 m). The actual laying length shall
48、 be the nominal length62 in. (651 mm), when measured in accordance with 8.1.2.Atleast 90 % of the total footage of any one size and class,excluding special-order lengths, shall be furnished in thenominal lengths specified by the purchaser. Random lengths, iffurnished, shall not vary from the nominal
49、 lengths by morethan 5 ft (1.53 m), or 25 %, whichever is less.6.2.3 Wall ThicknessThe average wall thickness of thepipe shall not be less than the nominal wall thickness publishedin the manufacturers literature current at the time of purchase,and the minimum wall thickness at any point shall not be lessthan 87.5 % of the nominal wall thickness when measured inaccordance with 8.1.3.6.2.4 Squareness of Pipe EndsAll points around each endof a pipe unit shall fall within 614 in. (6.4 mm) or 60.5 % ofthe nominal diameter of the pipe, whichever
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