1、Designation: D3754 11An American National StandardStandard Specification for“Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin)Sewer and Industrial Pressure Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3754; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofori
2、ginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers machine-made fiberglass pipe,8 in.
3、(200 mm) through 156 in. (4000 mm), for use in pressuresystems for conveying sanitary sewage, storm water, and manyindustrial wastes, and corrosive fluids. Both glass-fiber-reinforced thermosetting-resin pipe (RTRP) and glass-fiber-reinforced polymer mortar pipe (RPMP) are fiberglass pipes.This stan
4、dard is suited primarily for pipes to be installed inburied applications, although it may be used to the extentapplicable for other installations such as, but not limited to,jacking, tunnel lining and slip-lining and rehabilitation ofexisting pipelines. Pipe covered by this specification is in-tende
5、d to operate at internal gage pressures of 450 psi (3103kPa) or less.NOTE 1For the purposes of this standard, polymer does not includenatural polymers.1.2 The values given in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are providedfor information purposes only
6、.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 8, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety
7、 and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.NOTE 2There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C33 Specification for Concrete AggregatesC581 Practice for Determining Chemical Resistance ofThermosetting R
8、esins Used in Glass-Fiber-ReinforcedStructures Intended for Liquid ServiceD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD695 Test Method for Compressive Properties of RigidPlasticsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Material
9、sD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD2290 Test Method for Apparent Hoop Tensile Strength ofPlastic or Reinforced Plastic Pipe by Split Disk MethodD2412 Test Method for Determination of External LoadingCharacteristics of Plastic Pipe by Par
10、allel-Plate LoadingD2584 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured ReinforcedResinsD2992 Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure De-sign Basis for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-ReinforcedThermosetting-Resin) Pipe and FittingsD3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiber-glass” (Glass-Fiber-Rei
11、nforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipeand FittingsD3681 Test Method for Chemical Resistance of “Fiber-glass” (GlassFiberReinforced Thermosetting-Resin)Pipe in a Deflected ConditionD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD4161 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Re
12、sin) Pipe Joints Using Flex-ible Elastomeric SealsF412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF477 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Join-ing Plastic Pipe2.2 ISO Standard:ISO 1172 Textile Glass Reinforced PlasticsDeterminationof Loss on Ignition32.3 AWWA Standard:AWWAC-950 Gla
13、ss-Fiber Reinforced Thermosetting ResinPressure Pipe41This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on ReinforcedPlastic Piping Systems and Chemical Equipment.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2011. Published Sep
14、tember 2011. Originallyapproved in 1979. Last previous edition approved 2006 as D3754 06. DOI:10.1520/D3754-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the s
15、tandards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.4Available from American Water Works Association (AWWA), 6666 W. QuincyAve., Denver, CO 80235, http:/www.awwa.org.1*A Summa
16、ry of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 GeneralDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nology D883 or Terminology F412 and abbrevia
17、tions withTerminology D1600, unless otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 fiberglass pipea tubular product containing glassfiber reinforcements embedded in or surrounded by curedthermosetting resin. The composite structure may containaggregate, granular or plat
18、elet fillers, thixotropic agents, pig-ments, or dyes. Thermoplastic or thermosetting liners orcoatings may be included.3.2.2 flexible jointa joint that is capable of axial displace-ment or angular rotation, or both.3.2.3 industrial pipepipe designed for internal, or externalenvironments, or both, co
19、mmonly encountered in industrialpiping systems used for many process solutions or effluents.3.2.4 linera resin layer, with or without filler or reinforce-ment, or both, forming the interior surface of the pipe.3.2.5 qualification testone or more tests used to prove thedesign of a product. Not a rout
20、ine quality control test.3.2.6 reinforced polymer mortar pipea fiberglass pipewith aggregate.3.2.7 reinforced thermosetting resin pipea fiberglass pipewithout aggregate.3.2.8 rigid jointa joint that is not capable of axial dis-placement or angular rotation.3.2.9 surface layera resin layer, with or w
21、ithout filler orreinforcement, or both, applied to the exterior surface of thepipe structural wall.4. Classification4.1 GeneralThis specification covers fiberglass sewer andindustrial pressure pipe defined by raw materials in thestructural wall (type) and liner, surface layer material (grade),operat
22、ing pressure (class), and pipe stiffness. Table 1 lists thetypes, liners, grades, classes, and stiffnesses that are covered.NOTE 3All possible combinations of types, liners, grades, classes,and stiffness may not be commercially available. Additional types, liners,grades, and stiffnesses may be added
23、 as they become commerciallyavailable. The purchaser should determine for himself or consult with themanufacturer for the proper class, type, liner, grade, and stiffness of pipeto be used under the installation and operating conditions that will exist forthe project in which the pipe is to be used.4
24、.2 Designation RequirementsThe pipe materials desig-nation code shall consist of the standard designation, ASTMD3754, followed by type, liner, and grade in arabic numerals,class by the letter C with two or three arabic numerals, and pipestiffness by a capital letter. Table 1 presents a summary of th
25、edesignation requirements. Thus a complete material code shallconsist of ASTM D3754, three numerals, C.and two or threenumerals, and a capital letter.NOTE 4Examples of the designation codes are as follows: (1) ASTMD3754-1-1-3-C50-A for glass-fiber-reinforced aggregate and polyesterresin mortar pipe
26、with a reinforced thermoset liner and an unreinforcedpolyester resin and sand surface layer, for operation at 50 psi (345 kPa),and having a minimum pipe stiffness of 9 psi (62 kPa). (2) ASTMD3754-4-2-6-C200-C for glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy resin pipe with anunreinforced thermoset liner, no surface
27、 layer, for operation at 200 psi(1380 kPa) and having a minimum pipe stiffness of 36 psi (248 kPa).NOTE 5Although the “Form and Style for ASTM Standards” manualrequires that the type classification be roman numerals, it is recognizedthat few companies have stencil-cutting equipment for this style of
28、 type,and it is therefore acceptable to mark the product type in arabic numbers.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 GeneralThe thermosetting resins, glass fiber rein-forcements, fillers, and other materials, when combined as acomposite structure, shall produce piping products that meetthe performance re
29、quirements of this specification.5.2 Wall CompositionThe basic structural wall composi-tion shall consist of a thermosetting resin, glass-fiber reinforce-ment, and, if used, an aggregate filler.5.2.1 ResinAthermosetting polyester or epoxy resin, withor without filler.5.2.2 AggregateA siliceous sand
30、conforming to the re-quirements of Specification C33, except that the requirementsfor gradation shall not apply.5.2.3 ReinforcementA commercial grade of glass fiberscompatible with the resin used.TABLE 1 General Designation Requirements for Fiberglass Pressure PipeDesig-nationProperty Cell LimitsA1
31、Type 1glass-fiber-reinforcedthermosetting polyesterBresinmortar (RPMP polyester)B2glass-fiber-reinforcedthermosetting polyesterBresin(RTRP polyester)B3glass-fiber-reinforcedthermosetting epoxy resinmortar (RPMP epoxy)4glass-fiber-reinforcedthermosetting epoxy resin(RTRP epoxy)2 Liner 1reinforced the
32、rmoset liner2non-reinforced thermoset liner3thermoplastic liner4no liner3 Grade 1Polyester resinsurface layerreinforcedB2polyesterBresinsurface layernonreinforcedB3polyesterBresin andsand surface layernonreinforced4epoxy resinsurface layerreinforced5epoxy resinsurface layernonreinforced6No surfacela
33、yer4 ClassCC50 C100 C150 C200 C250 C300 C350 C400 C4505 Pipe Stiffnesspsi (kPa)A9 (62)B18 (124)C36 (248)D72 (496)ABCAThe cell-type format provides the means of identification and specification of piping materials. This cell-type format, however, is subject to misapplication sinceunobtainable propert
34、y combinations can be selected if the user is not familiar with commercially available products. The manufacturer should be consulted.BFor the purposes of this standard, polyester includes vinyl ester resin.CBased on operating pressure in psig (numerals).D3754 1125.3 Liner and Surface LayersA liner
35、or surface layer, orboth, when incorporated into or onto the pipe shall meet thechemical and structural requirements of this specification.5.4 JointsThe pipe shall have a joining system that shallprovide for fluid tightness for the intended service condition.Aparticular type of joint may be restrain
36、ed or unrestrained andflexible or rigid depending on the specific configuration anddesign conditions.5.4.1 UnrestrainedPipe joints capable of withstandinginternal pressure but not longitudinal forces.5.4.1.1 Coupling or Bell-and-Spigot Gasket Joints, with agroove either on the spigot or in the bell
37、to retain anelastomeric gasket that shall be the sole element of the joint toprovide watertightness. For typical joint details see Fig. 1.5.4.1.2 Mechanical Coupling Joint, with elsastomeric seals.5.4.1.3 Butt Joint, with laminated overlay5.4.1.4 Flanged Joint, both integral and loose ring.5.4.2 Res
38、trainedPipe joints capable of withstanding inter-nal pressure and longitudinal tensile loads.5.4.2.1 Joints similar to those in 5.4.1.1 with supplementalrestraining elements.5.4.2.2 Butt Joint, with laminated overlay.5.4.2.3 Bell-and-Spigot, with laminated overlay.5.4.2.4 Bell-and-Spigot, adhesive-b
39、onded-joint: Three typesof adhesive-bonded joints are premitted by this standard asfollows:5.4.2.4.1 Tapered bell-and-spigot, an adhesive joint that ismanufactured with a tapered socket for use in conjunction witha tapered spigot and a suitable adhesive.5.4.2.4.2 Straight bell-and-spigot, an adhesiv
40、e joint that ismanufactured with an untapered socket for use in conjunctionwith an untapered spigot and a suitable adhesive.5.4.2.4.3 Tapered bell and straight spigot, an adhesive jointthat is manufactured with a tapered socket for use with anuntapered spigot and a suitable adhesive.5.4.2.5 Flanged
41、Joint, both integral and loose ring.5.4.2.6 Threaded Joints.5.4.2.7 Mechanical Coupling, an elastomeric sealed cou-pling with supplemental restraining elements.NOTE 6Other types of joints may be added as they become commer-cially available.NOTE 7Restrained joints typically increase service loads on
42、the pipeto greater than those experienced with unrestrained joints. The purchaseris cautioned to take into consideration all conditions that may beencountered in the anticipated service and to consult the manufacturerregarding the suitability of a particular type and class of pipe for servicewith re
43、strained joint systems.5.5 GasketsElastomeric gaskets, when used with thispipe, shall conform to the requirements of Specification F477,except that composition of the elastomer shall be as agreedupon between the purchaser and the supplier for the particularexposure to oily or aggressive-chemical env
44、ironments.6. Requirements Requirements6.1 Workmanship:6.1.1 Each pipe shall be free from all defects includingindentations, delaminations, bubbles, pinholes, cracks, pits,blisters, foreign inclusions, and resin-starved areas that due totheir nature, degree, or extent, detrimentally affect the streng
45、thand serviceability of the pipe. The pipe shall be as uniform ascommercially practicable in color, opacity, density, and otherphysical properties.6.1.2 The inside surface of each pipe shall be free of bulges,dents, ridges, or other defects that result in a variation of insidediameter of more than18
46、 in. (3.2 mm) from that obtained onadjacent unaffected portions of the surface. No glass-fiberreinforcement shall penetrate the interior surface of the pipewall.6.1.3 Joint sealing surfaces shall be free of dents, gouges, orother surface irregularities that will affect the integrity of thejoints.6.2
47、 Dimensions:6.2.1 Pipe DiametersThe pipe shall be supplied in thenominal diameters shown in Table 2 or Table 3. The pipediameter tolerances shall be as shown in Table 2 or Table 3,when measured in accordance with 8.1.1.6.2.2 LengthsThe pipe shall be supplied in nominallengths of 10, 20, 30, 40, and
48、60 ft (3.05, 6.10, 9.15, 12.19, and18.29 m). The actual laying length shall be the nominal length62 in. (651 mm), when measured in accordance with 8.1.2.Atleast 90 % of the total footage of any one size and class,excluding special-order lengths, shall be furnished in thenominal lengths specified by
49、the purchaser. Random lengths, iffurnished, shall not vary from the nominal lengths by morethan 5 ft (1.53 m), or 25 %, whichever is less.6.2.3 Wall ThicknessThe average wall thickness of thepipe shall not be less than the nominal wall thickness publishedin the manufacturers literature current at the time of purchase,and the minimum wall thickness at any point shall not be lessthan 87.5 % of the nominal wall thickness when measured inaccordance with 8.1.3.6.2.4 Squareness of Pipe EndsAll points around each endof a pipe unit shall fall with
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