1、Designation: D3787 07 (Reapproved 2011)D3787 15Standard Test Method forBursting Strength of TextilesConstant-Rate-of-Traverse(CRT) Ball Burst Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3787; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in
2、 the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1
3、.1 This test method describes the measurement for bursting strength with a ball burst strength tester of textiles or garments thatexhibit a high degree of ultimate elongation.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the test,
4、theinch-pound units are shown in parenthesis.parentheses. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem may be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance within thespecification.NOTE 1For the measurement of
5、bursting strength with a hydraulic testing machine, refer to Test Method D3786.NOTE 2Constant Rate of Traverse (CRT) machines and Constant Rate of Extension (CRE) machines have been shown to provide different results.When using a CRE device, refer to Test Method D6797.1.3 This standard may involve h
6、azardous materials, operations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address allof the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriatesafety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
7、limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for TextilesD123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD3786 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textile FabricsDiaphragm Bursting Strengt
8、h Tester MethodD4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test MethodsD6797 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Fabrics Constant-Rate-of-Extension (CRE) Ball Burst Test3. Terminology3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.59, Fabric Test Methods, General, refer to Terminology D4850.3.1.1 The
9、following terms are relevant to this standard: bursting strength, constantrate-of-traverse (CRT) tensile testingmachine, fabric, knitted, fabric, nonwoven.3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles, refer to Terminology D123.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Aspecimen is securely clamped without t
10、ension between grooved, circular plates of the ball burst attachment secured to thepulling (movable) jaw for the constant-rate-of-traverse (CRT) testing machine. A force is exerted against the specimen by apolished, hardened steel ball that is attached to the pendulum-actuating (fixed) clamp of the
11、machine, until rupture occurs.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods, General.Current edition approved May 1, 2011July 1, 2015. Published June 2011August 2015. Originally approved in 2001. Last
12、previous edition approved in 20072011 asD3787D378707(2011).07. DOI: 10.1520/D3787-07R11.10.1520/D3787-15.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standard
13、s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately,
14、ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15. S
15、ignificance and Use5.1 This test method for the determination of ball bursting strength of textiles is being used by the textile industry for theevaluation of a wide variety of fabrics.5.2 Test results obtained using the procedures in Test Method D3787 have not been correlated with actual performanc
16、e. TestMethod D3787 is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of textiles fabrics for bursting strengthsince the method has been used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing. In cases of disagreement arising from differencesin values reported by the purchaser
17、and the seller when using Test Method D3787 for acceptance testing, the statistical bias, if any,between the laboratory of the purchaser and the laboratory of the seller should be determined with comparison based on testingspecimens randomly drawn from one sample of material of the type being evalua
18、ted.NOTE 3The kind force transfer and strength that occur when knitted goods are worn is prevented by clamping them as directed in this test method.5.2.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two (or more) laboratories, comparativetests should be perfor
19、med to determine if there is a statistical bias between them. The test samples used should be: as homogeneousas possible, drawn from the material from which the disparate test results were obtained, and randomly assigned in equal numbersto the laboratories for testing. Other materials with establish
20、ed test values may be used for this purpose. The test results from thetwo laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series.If a bias is found, either the cause must be determined and corrected or future test results
21、must be adjusted in consideration ofknown bias.6. Apparatus6.1 Constant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Tensile Testing Machine (CRT), as specified in Specification D76, with a ball-burstattachment replacing the clamp assembly.6.2 Ball-Burst Attachment,3consisting of an attachment having a polished steel bal
22、l that replaces the fixed clamp of the tensiletester and of a ring-clamp mechanism that replaces the pulling (moving) clamp of the tensile tester (see Fig. 1). Movement of the3 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Ball Bursting Attachment, manufactured by
23、 the Physical Testing Equipment Services2 Morgan Mill Road Central Industrial Park Johnson, RI 02919. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information toASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technica
24、l committee,1 which you may attend.FIG. 1 Ball Burst AttachmentD3787 152ring clamp pushes the fabric in the ring clamp against the steel ball.6.2.1 The polished steel ball shall have a diameter of 25.40060.005 mm (1.000060.0002 in)in.) and shall be spherical within0.005 mm (0.0002 in).in.). The ring
25、 clamp shall have an internal diameter of 44.450 6 0.025 mm (1.750 6 0.001 in).in.).7. Sampling7.1 Lot SampleTake a lot sample as directed in the applicable material specification. In the absence of such a specification,randomly select the rolls or pieces of fabric that constitute the lot sample usi
26、ng the following schedule:Number of Rolls or Piecesin Lot, InclusiveNumber of Rolls or Piecesin Lot Sample1 to 3 all4 to 24 425 to 50 5Over 50 10 % or a maximum of 10 of therolls or pieces7.2 Laboratory SamplesFrom each roll or piece of fabric selected from the lot sample, cut at least one laborator
27、y sample thefull width of the fabric and at least 1 m (1 yd) along the selvage. From each roll or piece of circular knit fabric selected from thelot sample, cut a band at least 300 mm (1 ft.)ft) wide.8. Selection and Number of Specimens8.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon, as when specified in an applic
28、able material specification, take five specimens of thelaboratory sample(s) of fabric. Each specimen shall be at least 125 mm (5 in)in.) square, or a circle 125 mm (5 in)in.) in diameter.Specimens need not be cut for testing. No two specimens should contain the same warp and filling or wale and cour
29、se yarns. Takeno specimens nearer the selvage than one tenth the fabric width. This restriction does not apply to tubular knitted fabric.9. Conditioning9.1 Bring the specimens (or laboratory samples) from the prevailing atmosphere to moisture equilibrium for testing textiles inthe standard atmospher
30、e for testing as prescribed in Practice D1776.10. Procedure10.1 Make all tests on samples conditioned in the standard atmosphere for testing as specified in 9.1.10.2 Place the specimen without tension in the ring clamp and fasten securely by means of the screw or lever device. Start theCRT tensile t
31、esting machine, using a pulling clamp speed of 305 6 13 mm/min (12 6 0.5 in./min), and continue at that speed untilthe specimen bursts. Record to the nearest 0.5 N (0.1 lb) the ball-bursting strength of the specimen.11. Calculation11.1 Calculate the average bursting force to the nearest 0.5 N (0.1 l
32、b) for each laboratory sample and for the lot.12. Report12.1 State that the specimens were tested as directed in ASTM Test Method D3787. Describe the material or product sampled,and the method of sampling used.12.2 Report the bursting strength of each specimen and the average bursting strength of th
33、e five specimens from each laboratorysample to the nearest 0.1 lbf (0.5 N).13. Precision and Bias413.1 Interlaboratory Test Dataan interlaboratory test was run in 1990 in which randomly drawn specimens of three fabricswere tested in each of four laboratories. The fabrics were circular knit, stabiliz
34、ed knit and brushed knit fabrics. The componentsof variance for bursting strength results expressed as variance are reported in Table 1.4 Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D13-1086.TABLE 1 Components of Variance fo
35、r Bursting StrengthExpressed as VarianceWithinLaboratoryComponentBetweenLaboratoryComponentCotton Circular Knit 2.31 6.75Brushed Warp Knit 0.76 5.22D3787 153NOTE 4The difference in variability between the two groups of fabrics is attributed to the differences between the source yarns rather than the
36、 typeof equipment on which the fabrics were knit. There is no objective evidence to support this supposition.13.2 Critical DifferencesFor the components of variance reported in 13.1, two averages of observed values should beconsidered significantly different at the 95 % probability level if the diff
37、erence equals or exceeds the critical differences listed inTable 2 (Note 45).NOTE 5The tabulated values of the critical differences should be considered to be a general statement particularly with respect to between-laboratoryprecision. Before a statement can be made about two specific laboratories,
38、 the amount of statistical bias, if any, between them must be established, witheach comparison being based on recent data obtained on specimens randomly drawn from a sample taken at random from a lot of the material to beevaluated.13.3 BiasThe procedure of this test method produces a test value that
39、 can be defined only in terms of a test method. Thereis no independent, referee method by which bias may be determined. This test method has no known bias.14. Keywords14.1 bursting strength; knitted fabric; nonwoven fabricASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rig
40、hts asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any
41、 time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments wil
42、l receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by AST
43、M International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or
44、 through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 2 Critical Difference for Bursting Strength for theMaterials Noted, PoundsNumber ofObservationsIn EachAverageSingleOperatorPrecisionWithinLaboratoryPrecisionBetweenLaboratoryPrecisionSingle Material 5 5.9 5.9 10.510 4.2 4.2 9.615 3.4 3.4 9.320 3.0 3.0 9.1Multi-Material 5 5.9 5.9 14.910 4.2 4.2 14.315 3.4 3.4 14.120 3.0 3.0 13.9D3787 154
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