1、Designation: D3787 15D3787 16Standard Test Method forBursting Strength of TextilesConstant-Rate-of-Traverse(CRT) Ball Burst Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3787; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revis
2、ion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test metho
3、d describes the measurement for bursting strength with a ball burst strength tester of textiles or garments thatexhibit a high degree of ultimate elongation.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the test, theinch-pound unit
4、s are shown in parentheses. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system maybe used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance within the specification.NOTE 1For the measurement of bursting strength with a hydr
5、aulic testing machine, refer to Test Method D3786.NOTE 2Constant Rate of Traverse (CRT) machines and Constant Rate of Extension (CRE) machines have been shown to provide different results.When using a CRE device, refer to Test Method D6797.1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operation
6、s and equipment. This standard does not purport to address allof the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriatesafety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. R
7、eferenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for TextilesD123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD3786 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textile FabricsDiaphragm Bursting Strength Tester MethodD4850 Terminol
8、ogy Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test MethodsD6797 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Fabrics Constant-Rate-of-Extension (CRE) Ball Burst Test3. Terminology3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.59, Fabric Test Methods, General, refer to Terminology D4850.3.1.1 The following terms are relevant
9、to this standard: bursting strength, constantrate-of-traverse (CRT) tensile testingmachine, fabric, knitted, fabric, nonwoven.3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles, refer to Terminology D123.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Aspecimen is securely clamped without tension between grooved, circu
10、lar plates of the ball burst attachment secured to thepulling (movable) jaw for the constant-rate-of-traverse (CRT) testing machine. A force is exerted against the specimen by apolished, hardened steel ball that is attached to the pendulum-actuating (fixed) clamp of the machine, until rupture occurs
11、5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method for the determination of ball bursting strength of textiles is being used by the textile industry for theevaluation of a wide variety of fabrics.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibilit
12、y of D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods, General.Current edition approved July 1, 2015Jan. 1, 2016. Published August 2015February 2016. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 20112015 asD378707(2011).D378715. DOI: 10.1520/D3787-15.10.1520/D3787-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, v
13、isit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM stan
14、dard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by AST
15、M is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.2 Test results obtained using the procedures in Test Method D3787 have not been correlated with actual performance. TestMethod D3787 is cons
16、idered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of textiles fabrics for bursting strengthsince the method has been used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing. In cases of disagreement arising from differencesin values reported by the purchaser and the seller when using T
17、est Method D3787 for acceptance testing, the statistical bias, if any,between the laboratory of the purchaser and the laboratory of the seller should be determined with comparison based on testingspecimens randomly drawn from one sample of material of the type being evaluated.NOTE 3The kind of force
18、 transfer and strength that occur when knitted goods are worn is prevented by clamping them as directed in this test method.5.2.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two (or more) laboratories, comparativetests should be performed to determine if ther
19、e is a statistical bias between them. The test samples used should be:be ashomogeneous as possible, drawn from the material from which the disparate test results were obtained, and randomly assigned inequal numbers to the laboratories for testing. Other materials with established test values may be
20、used for this purpose. The testresults from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data at a probability level chosen priorto the testing series. If a bias is found, either the cause must be determined and corrected or future test results must be adjustedin con
21、sideration of known bias.6. Apparatus6.1 Constant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Tensile Testing Machine (CRT), as specified in Specification D76, with a ball-burstattachment replacing the clamp assembly.6.2 Ball-Burst Attachment,3consisting of an attachment having a polished steel ball that replaces the fi
22、xed clamp of the tensiletester and of a ring-clamp mechanism that replaces the pulling (moving) clamp of the tensile tester (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).Movement of the ring clamp pushes the fabric in the ring clamp against the steel ball.6.2.1 The polished steel ball shall have a diameter of 25.400 6 0.
23、005 mm (1.0000 6 0.0002 in.) and shall be spherical within0.005 mm (0.0002 in.). The ring clamp shall have an internal diameter of 44.450 6 0.025 mm (1.750 6 0.001 in.).7. Sampling7.1 Lot SampleTake a lot sample as directed in the applicable material specification. In the absence of such a specifica
24、tion,randomly select the rolls or pieces of fabric that constitute the lot sample using the following schedule:3 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Ball Bursting Attachment, manufactured by the Physical Testing Equipment Services2 Morgan Mill Road Centr
25、al Industrial Park Johnson, RI 02919. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information toASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,Apparatus and accessories are available commercially
26、1 which you mayattend.FIG. 1 Ball Burst AttachmentD3787 162Number of Rolls or Piecesin Lot, InclusiveNumber of Rolls or Piecesin Lot Sample1 to 3 all4 to 24 425 to 50 5Over 50 10 % or a maximum of 10 of therolls or pieces7.2 Laboratory SamplesFrom each roll or piece of fabric selected from the lot
27、sample, cut at least one laboratory sample thefull width of the fabric and at least 1 m (1 yd) along the selvage. From each roll or piece of circular knit fabric selected from thelot sample, cut a band at least 300 mm (1 ft) wide.8. Selection and Number of Specimens8.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon,
28、as when specified in an applicable material specification, take five specimens of thelaboratory sample(s) of fabric. Each specimen shall be at least 125 mm (5 in.) square, or a circle 125 mm (5 in.) in diameter.Specimens need not be cut for testing. No two specimens should contain the same warp and
29、filling or wale and course yarns. Takeno specimens nearer the selvage than one tenth the fabric width. This restriction does not apply to tubular knitted fabric.9. Conditioning9.1 Bring the specimens (or laboratory samples) from the prevailing atmosphere to moisture equilibrium for testing textiles
30、inthe standard atmosphere for testing as prescribed in Practice D1776.10. Procedure10.1 Make all tests on samples conditioned in the standard atmosphere for testing as specified in 9.1.10.2 Place the specimen without tension in the ring clamp and fasten securely by means of the screw or lever device
31、 Start theCRT tensile testing machine, using a pulling clamp speed of 305 6 13 mm/min (12 6 0.5 in./min), and continue at that speed untilthe specimen bursts. Record to the nearest 0.5 N (0.1 lb) the ball-bursting strength of the specimen.11. Calculation11.1 Calculate the average bursting force to
32、the nearest 0.5 N (0.1 lb) for each laboratory sample and for the lot.12. Report12.1 State that the specimens were tested as directed in ASTM Test Method D3787. Describe the material or product sampled,and the method of sampling used.FIG. 2 Ball Burst AttachmentD3787 16312.2 Report the bursting stre
33、ngth of each specimen and the average bursting strength of the five specimens from each laboratorysample to the nearest 0.1 lbf (0.5 N).13. Precision and Bias413.1 Interlaboratory Test Dataan interlaboratory test was run in 1990 in which randomly drawn specimens of three fabricswere tested in each o
34、f four laboratories. The fabrics were circular knit, stabilized knit, and brushed knit fabrics. The componentsof variance for bursting strength results expressed as variance are reported in Table 1.NOTE 4The difference in variability between the two groups of fabrics is attributed to the differences
35、 between the source yarns rather than the typeof equipment on which the fabrics were knit. There is no objective evidence to support this supposition.13.2 Critical DifferencesFor the components of variance reported in 13.1, two averages of observed values should beconsidered significantly different
36、at the 95 % probability level if the difference equals or exceeds the critical differences listed inTable 2 (Note 5).NOTE 5The tabulated values of the critical differences should be considered to be a general statement particularly with respect to between-laboratoryprecision. Before a statement can
37、be made about two specific laboratories, the amount of statistical bias, if any, between them must be established, witheach comparison being based on recent data obtained on specimens randomly drawn from a sample taken at random from a lot of the material to beevaluated.13.3 BiasThe procedure of thi
38、s test method produces a test value that can be defined only in terms of a test method. Thereis no independent, referee method by which bias may be determined. This test method has no known bias.4 Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Re
39、search Report RR:D13-1086.TABLE 1 Components of Variance for Bursting StrengthExpressed as VarianceWithinLaboratoryComponentBetweenLaboratoryComponentCotton Circular Knit 2.31 6.75Brushed Warp Knit 0.76 5.22TABLE 2 Critical Difference for Bursting Strength for theMaterials Noted, PoundsNumber ofObse
40、rvationsIn EachAverageSingleOperatorPrecisionWithinLaboratoryPrecisionBetweenLaboratoryPrecisionSingle Material 5 5.9 5.9 10.510 4.2 4.2 9.615 3.4 3.4 9.320 3.0 3.0 9.1Multi-Material 5 5.9 5.9 14.910 4.2 4.2 14.315 3.4 3.4 14.120 3.0 3.0 13.9D3787 16414. Keywords14.1 bursting strength; knitted fabri
41、c; nonwoven fabricASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement o
42、f such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for a
43、dditional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to
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