1、Designation: D 3911 03Standard Test Method forEvaluating Coatings Used in Light-Water Nuclear PowerPlants at Simulated Design Basis Accident (DBA)Conditions1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3911; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adop
2、tion or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONDuring a DBA in nuclear power plants, conditions in the reactor contain
3、ment will be characterizedby elevated temperature and pressure, as well as the presence of a radiation environment. Watersprays, with or without chemical additives, may be used in the primary containment to suppress theconsequences of the event, to scavenge radioactive products, and to return the co
4、ntainment tonear-ambient pressure and temperature conditions.1. Scope1.1 This test method establishes procedures for evaluatingprotective coating systems test specimens under simulatedDBA conditions. Included are a description of conditions andapparatus for temperature-pressure testing, and requirem
5、entsfor preparing, irradiating, testing, examining, evaluating, anddocumenting the samples.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound and degrees F units areto be regarded as the standard. The SI values given inparentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesaf
6、ety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 714 Test Method for Evaluating
7、 Degree of Blistering ofPaints2D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water3D 4082 Test Method for Effects of Radiation on CoatingsUsed in Light-Water Nuclear Power Plants4D 4538 Terminology Relating to Protective Coating andLining Work for Power Generation Facilities4D 5139 Specification for Sample Prepa
8、ration for Qualifica-tion Testing of Coatings to be Used in Nuclear PowerPlants4D 5144 Guide for Use of Protective Coating Standards inNuclear Power Plants43. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions for use with this standard areshown in Terminology D 4538 or other applicable standards.3.2 Definitions
9、 of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 blisteringthe formation of bubbles in a coating(paint) film.3.2.2 chemical spraya solution of chemicals, such asthose contained in Table 1, which could be used during a DBAto suppress the incident, to scavenge fission products, and toreturn the facility to n
10、ear-ambient pressure and temperatureconditions.3.2.3 coating systema protective film consisting of one ormore coats applied in a predetermined order by prescribedmethods to a defined substrate.3.2.4 coating service Level 1term used to describe areasinside the reactor-containment where coating failur
11、e couldadversely affect the operation of post-accident fluid systemsand, thereby, impair safe shutdown.3.2.5 curingthe transformation of a coating or othermaterial into a solid phase or film such as through chemicalreaction, heat, evaporation, or hydrolysis.3.2.6 design basis accident (DBA)a generic
12、 term for anyone of a family of accident conditions which can result frompostulated events. The more commonly recognized accident1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D33 onProtective Coating and Lining Work for Power Generation Facilities and is the directresponsibility of S
13、ubcommittee D33.02 on Service and Material Parameters.Current edition approved Jan. 10, 2003. Published March 2003. Originallyapproved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 1995 as D 3911 95.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.4Annual Book of ASTM
14、 Standards, Vol 06.02.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.conditions used to evaluate coating systems for primarycontainment are the loss of coolant accident (LOCA) and mainsteam pipe break.3.2.7 deionized waterwater prep
15、ared by an ion exchangeprocess meeting the requirements of Specification D 1193,Types II and III.3.2.8 delaminationseparation of one coat from anothercoat in a coating system (adhesion), or within a coat (cohe-sion), or from the substrate (adhesion).3.2.9 engineered safety systema system designed to
16、 miti-gate the effects of a DBA.3.2.10 irradiationexposure to ionizing radiation.3.2.11 light-water nuclear reactoran apparatus, usinglight water as a moderator, in which fissionable material isarrayed so that controlled nuclear fission may be sustained in aself-supporting chain reaction.3.2.12 LOCA
17、the specific conditions anticipated followinga loss of coolant accident that would expose the coated surfaceof the containments of a light-water nuclear power facility tothe temperature-pressure-radiological environmental param-eters described.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is designed
18、to provide a uniform test todetermine the suitability of Coating Service Level 1 coatingsused inside primary containment of light-water nuclear facili-ties under simulated DBA conditions. This test method isintended only to demonstrate that under DBA conditions, thecoatings will remain intact and no
19、t form debris which couldunacceptably compromise the operability of engineered safetysystems. Deviations in actual surface preparation and inapplication and curing of the coating materials from qualifica-tion test parameters require an engineering evaluation todetermine if additional testing is requ
20、ired.4.2 Since different plants have different tolerance levels forcoating conditions, the definition of appropriate acceptancecriteria is to be developed by the license holder based onindividual plant engineered safety systems operability consid-erations.5. Apparatus5.1 Environmental Test Chamber,
21、constructed of materialsthat are corrosion-resistant to the test solutions.5.2 The equipment shall be capable of reproducing andcontinuously recording the temperature and pressure profiles ofthe DBA conditions.5.3 A sufficient number of thermocouples shall be located inthe test chamber to assure con
22、formity to the test curve, and sothat both the temperature of the vapor phase and, if required, ofthe liquid phase (if present) can be recorded.5.4 The thermocouples and test specimens shall be posi-tioned to avoid direct steam impingement.5.5 The equipment shall be constructed so as to allow testsp
23、ecimens to be exposed to total immersion, to liquid-vaporinterface, and to spray as appropriate.5.6 WARNING: It should be noted that high temperaturesteam is involved and that appropriate safety measures shouldbe taken to protect personnel operating such equipment.6. Preparation of Test Specimens6.1
24、 Determine the appearance of the test panels prior totesting by photo documentation or equivalent methods in orderto provide a basis for post-test comparison. The testingrequirements should indicate if this assessment will be doneprior to shipping to the test facility.6.2 Unless otherwise specified,
25、 a minimum of four samplesshall be required to establish conformance of a given coatingsystem on a given substrate, with two of the four samples beingirradiated prior to testing in accordance with Test MethodD 4082. Typical laboratory test specimens are 2 by 4 by18 in.(5.1 by 10.2 by 0.32 cm) for st
26、eel panels and 2 by 2 by 4 in.(5.1 by 5.1 by 10.2 cm) for concrete blocks.6.2.1 Steel PanelsPrepare in accordance with Specifica-tion D 5139 or as necessary to duplicate actual conditions.6.2.2 Concrete BlocksPrepare in accordance with Speci-fication D 5139 or as necessary to duplicate actual condit
27、ions.7. Procedure7.1 Test Parameters:7.1.1 Test coatings using the applicable time-temperature-pressure curves identified by the license holder. Illustrations oftime-temperature-pressure test curves that have been used tosimulate primary containment atmospheres during a DBA areshown in Fig. 1 and Fi
28、g. 2.7.1.2 The parameters of the curves may be simulated duringtesting as continuous functions or as an enveloping stepwisefunction.7.1.3 Steam shall be generated from deionized water. Steamis used initially to achieve the desired thermal shock and toraise the test chamber and its environment to the
29、 prescribed testconditions. The temperature of the test chamber is maintainedby means of internal or external resistance, or both, heatingelements, or other suitable means. The inlet steam shall notimpinge directly on the test specimen. The duration of steaminjection should be minimized, as much as
30、feasible, and theduration shall be recorded.57.2 Spray Solution:7.2.1 Unless otherwise specified, use deionized water whentesting under simulated DBA conditions.7.2.2 Record the chemical composition of the spray solutionbefore each test.7.2.3 The spray solution shall be withdrawn from thebottom of t
31、he chamber and recirculated through the spraynozzles.5Where the inlet steam temperatures exceed 370F, (188C), initial steaminjection shall be no longer than 15 min.TABLE 1 Typical Spray SolutionsComposition Chemical Compound Concentration (in Deionized Water)A Sodium borate 2000 to 4000 ppm boronSod
32、ium hydroxide adjust solution to pH 9.0 to 10.0B Boric acid 2000 to 4000 ppm boronHydrazine 50 ppm unreacted excessSodium phosphate, dibasic adjust solution pH to 6.8 to 10.0D39110327.2.4 Fresh spray solution may be added as needed tomaintain specified autoclave conditions. If fresh spray solutionis
33、 added, an equal amount of spray solution shall be removedto maintain the same volume of spray solution in the autoclave.8. Examination and Report8.1 Examination:8.1.1 Examine and evaluate test specimens within4handagain after 14 days following removal from the test chamberfor the following coating
34、conditions:8.1.1.1 Delamination.8.1.1.2 Cracking.8.1.1.3 Blistering in accordance with Test Method D 714.8.1.2 Unless otherwise instructed, disregard the condition ofthe edges and plane areas within14in. (6.4 mm) from the edgesof the steel or concrete test surfaces, and the top and bottomends of the
35、 concrete blocks.8.2 ReportReport the following information:8.2.1 The results of the examination and evaluation of eachtest specimen. Report for all sides of concrete blocks and frontand back of steel panels.8.2.2 The extent of each condition from 8.1.FIG. 1 Typical Design Basis Accident (DBA) Testi
36、ng Parameters (Temperature-Time-Pressure)BWR DrywellFIG. 2 Typical Design Basis (DBA) Testing Parameters (Temperature-Time-Pressure)PWR ContainmentD39110338.2.3 Any observations of unusual appearances.9. Acceptance Criteria9.1 The license holder shall review the report generated in8.2 for coating ac
37、ceptability. The license holder is responsiblefor establishing acceptance criteria for Coating Service Level Icoatings.10. Documentation10.1 Testing ProceduresDocument each of the following:10.1.1 A description of the test apparatus, temperature andpressure profiles, spray solution composition inclu
38、ding pH,duration, frequency, and rate of spray solutions, and any otherpertinent test conditions.10.2 Test Agency:10.2.1 The testing agency shall be responsible for thedocumenting, reporting, and certifying of all tests.10.2.2 The testing agency shall be responsible for meetingapplicable quality ass
39、urance requirements.10.2.3 The testing agency shall be responsible for providingcolor photographic documentation of the test surfaces asrequired.10.2.3.1 Photographs shall reflect the actual size as close aspossible of the test specimens.11. Repairability11.1 Test repair coatings in accordance with
40、the require-ments of this standard.11.2 The test shall include evaluation of the repair coatingapplied in accordance with the repair procedure over theintended surface preparation or the original qualified coatingsystem, or both.12. Precision12.1 Test equipment must be demonstrated to have thecapabi
41、lity to reproduce the design time/temperature parameterswithin 60 s and 65F (3C) and the design pressure within 63psig. In any test where the test equipment imposes variances inthe pressure/temperature parameters that are outside this range,an analysis of the validity of these test results should ac
42、com-pany the test data.13. Keywords13.1 coatings; Coating Service Level I; containment; DBA;design basis accident; LOCA-loss of coolant accident; nuclearASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. U
43、sers of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed eve
44、ry five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible techn
45、ical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D3911034
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