1、Designation: D 3930 08Standard Specification forAdhesives for Wood-Based Materials for Construction ofManufactured Homes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3930; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, th
2、e year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis specification provides a standard for measuring and evaluating the performance of adhesivesthat will b
3、e used in joints of wood-based materials in constructing manufactured homes. Thisspecification has two parts: Part I contains the requirements necessary for an adhesive to conform tothis specification; and Part II provides test methods by which the performance of the adhesives willbe measured. A cla
4、ssification system is provided that groups adhesives according to resistance todeformation under load, resistance to moisture, and gap-filling ability. Minimum test values have beenspecified for certain properties of durability, while other property requirements are left open-ended.The test methods
5、used to obtain these values reflect adverse exposure and stress conditions that existduring the construction, transit, and use of manufactured homes. By using values published from theseprescribed test methods, the design engineer can select an adhesive that best meets the requirementsof a specific
6、adhesive application.The test methods used in this specification were developed predominantly from existing ASTMstandards, while others came from standards that have been generally accepted for years. Some testmethods were more recently developed. In most instances, only parts of these standards hav
7、e beenused in this specification. Since no precision and bias statements are available from the original testmethods, none can be made for this specification at this time.PART I REQUIREMENTS1. Scope1.1 This specification provides the means to measure andevaluate the performance of adhesives for stru
8、ctural or semi-structural bonding of wood-to-wood in manufactured homes.Wood as used in this specification includes lumber, plywood,particleboard, gypsum board, and all materials having wood-based surfaces at the bondline. This specification does notcover other adhesives used in manufactured homes s
9、uch asadhesives for carpet, floor tile, ceramic fixtures, plastic lami-nates, trim and millwork, and similar nonstructural applica-tions.1.1.1 The performance of the adhesives is measured in thefollowing tests:Number Test Section1 Low Temperature 162 Dry Lumber 173 Gap-Filling 184 High Temperature 1
10、95 Type 3 Qualification 206 Type 2 Qualification 217 Aging, Film Oxidation 228 Aging, Bond Oxidation 239 Resistance to Deformation, Creep 2410 Mold 2511 Type 1 Qualification 261.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalcon
11、versions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practi
12、ces and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 onAdhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.70 on ConstructionAdhesives.Current edition approved April 1, 2008. Published May 2008. Ori
13、ginallyapproved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D 3930 93a (2005).1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 269 Specification for Seamless and Welded AusteniticSta
14、inless Steel Tubing for General ServiceA 376/A 376M Specification for Seamless Austenitic SteelPipe for High-Temperature Central-Station ServiceD9 Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Prod-uctsD 905 Test Method for Strength Properties of AdhesiveBonds in Shear by Compression LoadingD 907 Term
15、inology of AdhesivesD 1002 Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)D 1165 Nomenclature of Commercial Hardwoods and Soft-woodsD 2294 Test Method for Creep Properties of Adhesives inShear by Tension Loading (Meta
16、l-to-Metal)D 2339 Test Method for Strength Properties ofAdhesives inTwo-Ply Wood Construction in Shear by Tension LoadingD3110 Specification forAdhesives Used in Laminate Jointsfor Nonstructural Glued Lumber Products3D 3632 Test Method for Accelerated Aging of AdhesiveJoints by the Oxygen-Pressure M
17、ethodD 3931 Test Method for Determining Strength of Gap-Filling Adhesive Bonds in Shear by Compression LoadingD 4300 Test Methods for Ability of Adhesive Films toSupport or Resist the Growth of FungiE6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Test-ingE41 Terminology Relating To Conditioning3. T
18、erminology3.1 DefinitionsMany terms in this specification are de-fined in Terminology D 907.3.1.1 creep, nin an adhesive, the time-dependent increasein strain resulting from a sustained stress.3.1.2 gap-filling adhesive, nan adhesive capable of form-ing and maintaining a bond between surfaces that a
19、re notclose-fitting.3.1.2.1 DiscussionClose fitting is relative to a givenmaterial and industry; for example, standards in constructiondiffer from standards in electronics. Some adhesives will bondby bridging without completely filling the gap; others by fillingthe gap completely.3.2 Definitions of
20、Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 manufactured home4a structure, transportable inone or more sections which in the traveling mode is 8 body feetor more in width or 40 body feet or more in length or whenerected on site, is 320 or more square feet and which is built ona permanent chassis and desig
21、ned to be used as a dwelling withor without a permanent foundation when connected to therequired utilities, and includes the plumbing, heating, air-conditioning, and electrical systems contained therein. Calcu-lations used to determine the number of square feet in astructure will be based on the str
22、uctures exterior dimensionsmeasured at the largest horizontal projections when erected onsite. These dimensions will include all expandable rooms, baywindows, cabinets, and other projections containing interiorspace.3.2.2 semi-structural adhesivean adhesive capable oftransferring required loads betw
23、een adherends and whichdeforms a maximum of 0.050 in. (1.27 mm) under static loadwhen tested in accordance with Test 9, Section 24.3.2.3 structural adhesivean adhesive capable of transfer-ring required loads between adherends and which deforms amaximum of 0.006 in. (0.15 mm) under static load when t
24、estedin accordance with Test 9, Section 24.3.2.4 total deformationthe total dimensional change withtime of a material under constant load, and consisting of theinitial instantaneous elastic or rapid deformation and the slowertime dependent deformation or creep.3.2.5 Type 1 adhesivean adhesive that w
25、ill retain its bondintegrity when the joint is repeatedly wetted and dried.3.2.6 Type 2 adhesivean adhesive intended for use inprotected locations but that will maintain its bond integritywhen the bond is subjected to occasional wetting.3.2.7 Type 3 adhesivean adhesive intended for use ininterior lo
26、cations, but that will maintain its bond integrityduring conditions of high humidity.NOTE 1The following ASTM standards may be referred to for otherterms used in this specification: D9, Terms Relating to Timber; D 907,Terms Relating to Adhesives; D 1165, Nomenclature of Domestic Hard-woods and Softw
27、oods; E6, Terms Relating to Methods of MechanicalTesting; and E41, Terms Relating to Conditioning.4. Classification4.1 Adhesives shall be classified as follows (see Table 1):4.1.1 By resistance to deformation as:4.1.1.1 Group A, Structural; or Group B, Semistructural,4.1.2 By resistance to water and
28、 water vapor as:4.1.2.1 Type 1, Type 2, or Type 3, and4.1.3 By gap-filling ability.4.1.3.1 Those adhesives tested in accordance with Test 3,Section 18, shall carry the designation G/F.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm
29、.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.4This definition conforms to that of the U.S. Department of Housing and UrbanDevelopment (Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act of1974 as amended
30、 in proposed rules in the Federal Register, Vol 48, No. 152, Aug.7, 1981, pp. 40498 to 40500).TABLE 1 Tests Required for Group A (Structural), and Group B(Semi-Structural) AdhesivesType Recommended UseTests Required(Test Number)1Ainterior-exterior 1, 2, 4, 7 (or 8), 9, 10, 11B2Ainterior-weather prot
31、ected 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 (or 8), 9, 103Ainterior 1, 2, 4, 5, 7 (or 8), 9, 10ATo qualify as G/F (gap-filling), adhesives must be tested by Test 3, Section 18.BThe exposure and testing conditions for the cyclic-boil and vacuum-pressuretests, described in the Exposure Conditions and Treatments section of Sp
32、ecifica-tion D3110, shall apply to Test 11.D39300825. Significance and Use5.1 Shear Strength This specification requires determin-ing ultimate shear strength of adhesive bonds under a variety ofconditions of assembly and service.5.2 Gap-Filling AbilityGap-filling adhesives must be ca-pable of mainta
33、ining a bond between construction memberswhose faying surfaces are not closely matched. The gap-fillingability and shear strength are determined for116-in. (1.6-mm)gap between members. The adhesive manufacturer may qualifylarger gap-filling abilities, provided the adhesive is tested andshear values
34、are provided for the greater dimension.5.3 Total Deformation ResistanceThe total deformationof an adhesive under static load is used to establish thestructural grouping for the adhesive. The adhesive manufac-turer determines the maximum shear stress below which theadhesive will perform structurally
35、and semi-structurally inaccordance with the description of terms used in this specifi-cation, and also reports the stress used for testing the adhesive.To ensure that the total deformation is approaching a zero rateof increase, no more than 25 % of the deformation is allowedto occur during the last
36、half of the test period.5.4 Moisture and Temperature Limitations DuringFabricationAdhesives may be used under a wide variety ofmoisture and temperature conditions. To ensure reliable per-formance under test conditions, adhesive shear strength isdetermined for specified adverse moisture and temperatu
37、reconditions.5.5 High- and Low-Temperature ResistanceThe adhesiveis tested at high and low temperatures to determine whetherextremes in temperature would cause problems in bonding.5.6 Moisture ResistanceThe adhesive is tested at threelevels of exposure. Adhesive durability for Type 1 is deter-mined
38、by exposure to a cyclic boil and a vacuum-pressure test.For Type 2, a vacuum-soak is used. For Type 3, a humidity testat elevated temperature is used.5.7 Aging, Oxidation ResistanceTo ensure that the adhe-sive does not become embrittled or substantially deterioratewith age, the adhesive film or tens
39、ile lap shear specimensbonded with the adhesive, are exposed to pure oxygen at anelevated temperature and pressure.5.8 Mold ResistanceConditions fostering the growth ofmold are encountered in the structural spaces of walls, floors,and roofs. The adhesive is tested against three species of moldcommon
40、ly present on wood, either as separate tests or as asingle test with a mixed culture of the mold species.6. Test Methods6.1 The tests required for compliance with this specificationare given in Table 1.6.2 The compliance criteria for Tests 1 through 11, Sections16-26, are given in Table 2.6.2.1 For
41、Tests 1 through 6, Sections 16-21, and Test 11,Section 26, only test results must be reported.6.2.1.1 Type 1 adhesives in Group A or Group B shall beevaluated on the basis of test specimens prepared in accordancewith Sections 14 and 26, and subsequently exposed and testedin accordance with the proce
42、dures for the cyclic-boil andvacuum-pressure tests specified for wet-use adhesives in theExposure Conditions and Treatments section of SpecificationD3110. The only exception is that average strength valuesshall be reported in pounds-force per square inch (or megapas-cals).6.2.2 Minimum performance l
43、evels are given for Test 7,Section 22; Test 8, Section 23; and Test 10, Section 25.6.2.3 For Test 9, Section 24, an evaluation shall be made onthe basis of the loads used to test the adhesive for totaldeformation.7. Sampling7.1 Take a representative sample from each lot of adhesiveto be tested.7.1.1
44、 For liquid or paste adhesives, the sample from each lotshall not be less than 1 qt (946 mL).7.1.2 For adhesives consisting of more than one part, take asufficient sample of each part in order to prepare not less than2 lb (908 g) of adhesive at the time of use.7.1.3 For dry adhesives, the sample fro
45、m each lot shall notbe less than 2 lb (908 g).7.2 Consult the adhesive manufacturer as to proper packingand handling of the sample.8. Retest and Rejection8.1 If the results of any initial test do not conform to therequirements prescribed in this specification, that test shall beTABLE 2 Performance R
46、equirementsTest Number Section Number Test Description RequirementsConditions of Application:1 16 low temperature shear strengthA2 17 dry lumber shear strengthA3 18 gap-filling shear strengthAMeasurements of Durability:4 19 high temperature shear strengthA5 20 Type 3 Qualification shear strengthA6 2
47、1 Type 2 Qualification shear strengthA7 22 aging, film oxidation one, 180 bend around a14-in. (6.4-mm) mandrel with none ofthe 5 specimens breaking8 23 aging, bond oxidation maintain 50 % of original shear strength9 24 resistance to deformation (creep) Group A: 0.006 in. (0.152 mm)BGroup B: 0.050 in
48、. (1.27 mm)B10 25 mold no growth after 14 days11 26 Type 1 Qualification shear strengthAAPost average shear strength.BMaximum allowable total deformation under given load and conditions of 24.2.2.D3930083repeated on two additional sets of specimens from a newsample of the same lot of adhesive, each
49、of which shallconform to the requirements specified. If either of these twoadditional sets of specimens fail to meet the requirements, thelot or batch of material shall be rejected.9. Precision and Bias59.1 Precision:9.1.1 The precision of this test method is based on aninterlaboratory study of Specification D 3930 - 93a (2005),Test Number 4, High Temperature, conducted in 2006. Each ofnine laboratories tested five replicates of specimens preparedusing three different adhesives, recording shear strength (lbf)and percentage of wood failure. Table 3 and Table 4
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