ASTM D4142-1989(2001) Standard Guide for Testing Epoxy Resins《环氧树脂的试验》.pdf

1、Designation: D 4142 89 (Reapproved 2001)Standard Guide forTesting Epoxy Resins1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4142; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in paren

2、theses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers methods for testing epoxy resins aslisted in Table 1. All of the methods were tested by interlabo-ratory participation in accordanc

3、e with usual ASTM guide-lines. Each method specifies a recommended amount of samplefor starting a separate analysis, but several of the procedurescan be conducted on the same starting material if so desired.For example, viscosity, color, and density could be run on thesame specimen.1.2 This standard

4、 does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM

5、Standards:D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (the Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)2D 1209 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-Cobalt Scale)3D 1259 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of ResinSolutions4D 1475 Test Method for Density of Liquid Co

6、atings, Inks,and Related Products4D 1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids(Gardner Color Scale)4D 1545 Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquidsby Bubble Time Method5D 1639 Test Method for Acid Value of Organic CoatingMaterials5D 1652 Test Methods for Epoxy Content of Epoxy Resins5

7、D 1726 Test Method for Hydrolyzable Chlorine Content ofLiquid Epoxy Resins5D 1847 Test Methods for Total Chlorine Content of EpoxyResins53. Significance and Use3.1 This guide directs the user to test methods that deter-mine properties generally accepted as standard test items forclassification of ep

8、oxy resins.4. Epoxy Content4.1 The epoxy content of epoxy resins is determined byreacting a solution of the resin with a standard solution ofhydrogen bromide in glacial acetic acid. The quantity of acidconsumed is a measure of the epoxy content. Test MethodsD 1652 was found to have a repeatability o

9、f 2 % of the epoxycontent and a reproducibility of 6 % of the epoxy content.5. Hydrolyzable Chlorine5.1 Test Method D 1726 covers the determination of theeasily hydrolyzable chlorine content of liquid epoxy resins inconcentrations below 1 weight %. The specimen is refluxedwith a known amount of a st

10、andard alcoholic potassiumhydroxide solution. The amount of hydroxide consumed ismeasured by titration and corresponds to the hydrolyzablechlorine content of the resin. By interlaboratory testing, therepeatability was found to be 0.02 %, and the reproducibilitywas found to be 0.05 %, both absolute.6

11、. Total Chlorine6.1 Organic and inorganic chlorine compounds are deter-mined in epoxy resins in accordance with Test MethodsD 1847. The resin specimen is oxidized by combustion in abomb containing oxygen under pressure. The chlorides formedare dissolved in a sodium carbonate solution and then either

12、titrated or determined gravimetrically. The absolute repeatabil-ity and reproducibility for the titration method are 0.02 and1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint andRelated Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.33 on

13、 Polymers and Resins.Current edition approved April 28, 1989. Published June 1989. Originallypublished as D 4142 82. Last previous edition D 4142 82e1.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.04.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.5Annual Book of ASTM St

14、andards, Vol 06.03.TABLE 1 Methods for Testing Epoxy ResinsTest Method Section ASTM DesignationEpoxy content 4 D 1652Hydrolyzable chlorine 5 D 1726Total chlorine 6 D 1847Viscosity 7 D 445, D1545Color 8 D 1544, D1209Density 9 D 1475Nonvolatile content 10 D 1259Acid value 11 D 16391Copyright ASTM Inte

15、rnational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.0.05 weight %, respectively. For the gravimetric method, therepeatability and reproducibility are both reported to be 0.05weight %, absolute.7. Viscosity7.1 Kinematic viscosity is determined by measuring t

16、hetime for a volume of liquid to flow under gravity through acalibrated glass capillary viscometer in accordance with TestMethod D 445. The dynamic viscosity can be obtained bymultiplying the measured kinematic viscosity by the density ofthe liquid. The limits of precision at the three sigma level o

17、fconfidence were found to be 0.35 % relative within onelaboratory and 0.70 % relative between laboratories.7.2 It is also possible to measure viscosity by the bubbletime method described in Test Method D 1545. The rise time ofa bubble in the resin contained in an ASTM viscosity tube ismeasured. The

18、rise time in seconds is approximately equal tothe viscosity in stokes. In the range from 4.5 to 440 St,duplicate runs by one operator should be considered suspect ifthey differ by more than 4.9 % relative. Two results, each themean of duplicates obtained by different operators should beconsidered su

19、spect if they differ by more than 9.0 % relative.8. Color8.1 Test Method D 1544 covers the measurement of thecolor of transparent liquids by means of comparison witharbitrarily numbered glass standards. Two results obtained by asingle operator should be considered suspect if they differ bymore than

20、two thirds of a color number. Two results, each themean of duplicate measurements obtained by operators indifferent laboratories should be considered suspect if theydiffer by more than four thirds of a color number.8.2 The color of epoxy resins having light absorptioncharacteristics nearly identical

21、 with those of the platinum-cobalt color standards can be measured by the use of TestMethod D 1209.9. Density9.1 Test Method D 1475 is applicable to liquid epoxy resins.This test method makes use of a weight-per-gallon cup and isparticularly useful where the fluid to be measured has a highviscosity

22、or where a component is too volatile for a specificgravity balance determination. The limits of precision at thethree sigma level of confidence were found to be 6 0.008lb/gal within one laboratory and 6 0.015 lb/gal betweenlaboratories.10. Nonvolatile Content10.1 Since epoxy resins tend to release s

23、olvent slowly, it ispreferred to use a thin film or “foil method,” in which the resinis pressed between sheets of aluminum foil to spread it to a thinfilm. Method B of Test Methods D 1259 is applicable to epoxyresins. The repeatability is 0.3 % and the reproducibility is0.5 %, both absolute.11. Acid

24、 Value11.1 Acid value of an epoxy resin as determined by TestMethod D 1639 is expressed as the number of milligrams ofpotassium hydroxide required to neutralize the free acidity of 1g of nonvolatile material under the condition of the test.12. Keywords12.1 epoxy resinsASTM International takes no pos

25、ition respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibil

26、ity.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to AS

27、TM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address

28、 shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 41422