ASTM D4142-1989(2009) Standard Guide for Testing Epoxy Resins《环氧树脂试验的标准指南》.pdf

1、Designation: D4142 89 (Reapproved 2009)Standard Guide forTesting Epoxy Resins1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4142; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenth

2、eses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers methods for testing epoxy resins aslisted in Table 1. All of the methods were tested by interlabo-ratory participation in accordance w

3、ith usual ASTM guide-lines. Each method specifies a recommended amount of samplefor starting a separate analysis, but several of the procedurescan be conducted on the same starting material if so desired.For example, viscosity, color, and density could be run on thesame specimen.1.2 This standard do

4、es not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Sta

5、ndards:2D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D1209 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-Cobalt Scale)D1259 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of ResinSolutionsD1475 Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings, I

6、nks,and Related ProductsD1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids(Gardner Color Scale)D1545 Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquids byBubble Time MethodD1639 Test Method for Acid Value of Organic CoatingMaterials3D1652 Test Method for Epoxy Content of Epoxy ResinsD1726 Test Methods

7、 for Hydrolyzable Chloride Content ofLiquid Epoxy ResinsD1847 Test Methods for Total Chlorine Content of EpoxyResins33. Significance and Use3.1 This guide directs the user to test methods that deter-mine properties generally accepted as standard test items forclassification of epoxy resins.4. Epoxy

8、Content4.1 The epoxy content of epoxy resins is determined byreacting a solution of the resin with a standard solution ofhydrogen bromide in glacial acetic acid. The quantity of acidconsumed is a measure of the epoxy content. Test MethodsD1652 was found to have a repeatability of 2 % of the epoxycon

9、tent and a reproducibility of 6 % of the epoxy content.5. Hydrolyzable Chlorine5.1 Test Method D1726 covers the determination of theeasily hydrolyzable chlorine content of liquid epoxy resins inconcentrations below 1 weight %. The specimen is refluxedwith a known amount of a standard alcoholic potas

10、siumhydroxide solution. The amount of hydroxide consumed ismeasured by titration and corresponds to the hydrolyzablechlorine content of the resin. By interlaboratory testing, therepeatability was found to be 0.02 %, and the reproducibilitywas found to be 0.05 %, both absolute.6. Total Chlorine6.1 Or

11、ganic and inorganic chlorine compounds are deter-mined in epoxy resins in accordance with Test Methods D1847.The resin specimen is oxidized by combustion in a bombcontaining oxygen under pressure. The chlorides formed are1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint andRelated

12、 Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.33 on Polymers and Resins.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originallyapproved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D4142 89 (2001).DOI: 10.1520/D4142-89R09.2For ref

13、erenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is

14、referencedon www.astm.org.TABLE 1 Methods for Testing Epoxy ResinsTest Method Section ASTM DesignationEpoxy content 4 D1652Hydrolyzable chlorine 5 D1726Total chlorine 6 D1847Viscosity 7 D445, D1545Color 8 D1544, D1209Density 9 D1475Nonvolatile content 10 D1259Acid value 11 D16391Copyright ASTM Inter

15、national, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.dissolved in a sodium carbonate solution and then eithertitrated or determined gravimetrically. The absolute repeatabil-ity and reproducibility for the titration method are 0.02 and0.05 weight %, respective

16、ly. For the gravimetric method, therepeatability and reproducibility are both reported to be 0.05weight %, absolute.7. Viscosity7.1 Kinematic viscosity is determined by measuring thetime for a volume of liquid to flow under gravity through acalibrated glass capillary viscometer in accordance with Te

17、stMethod D445. The dynamic viscosity can be obtained bymultiplying the measured kinematic viscosity by the density ofthe liquid. The limits of precision at the three sigma level ofconfidence were found to be 0.35 % relative within onelaboratory and 0.70 % relative between laboratories.7.2 It is also

18、 possible to measure viscosity by the bubbletime method described in Test Method D1545. The rise time ofa bubble in the resin contained in an ASTM viscosity tube ismeasured. The rise time in seconds is approximately equal tothe viscosity in stokes. In the range from 4.5 to 440 St,duplicate runs by o

19、ne operator should be considered suspect ifthey differ by more than 4.9 % relative. Two results, each themean of duplicates obtained by different operators should beconsidered suspect if they differ by more than 9.0 % relative.8. Color8.1 Test Method D1544 covers the measurement of thecolor of trans

20、parent liquids by means of comparison witharbitrarily numbered glass standards. Two results obtained by asingle operator should be considered suspect if they differ bymore than two thirds of a color number. Two results, each themean of duplicate measurements obtained by operators indifferent laborat

21、ories should be considered suspect if theydiffer by more than four thirds of a color number.8.2 The color of epoxy resins having light absorptioncharacteristics nearly identical with those of the platinum-cobalt color standards can be measured by the use of TestMethod D1209.9. Density9.1 Test Method

22、 D1475 is applicable to liquid epoxy resins.This test method makes use of a weight-per-gallon cup and isparticularly useful where the fluid to be measured has a highviscosity or where a component is too volatile for a specificgravity balance determination. The limits of precision at thethree sigma l

23、evel of confidence were found to be 60.008 lb/galwithin one laboratory and 6 0.015 lb/gal between laboratories.10. Nonvolatile Content10.1 Since epoxy resins tend to release solvent slowly, it ispreferred to use a thin film or “foil method,” in which the resinis pressed between sheets of aluminum fo

24、il to spread it to a thinfilm. Method B of Test Methods D1259 is applicable to epoxyresins. The repeatability is 0.3 % and the reproducibility is0.5 %, both absolute.11. Acid Value11.1 Acid value of an epoxy resin as determined by TestMethod D1639 is expressed as the number of milligrams ofpotassium

25、 hydroxide required to neutralize the free acidity of 1g of nonvolatile material under the condition of the test.12. Keywords12.1 epoxy resinsASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of thi

26、s standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five yea

27、rs andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical commit

28、tee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 1942

29、8-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D4142 89 (2009)2