1、Designation: D 4325 02An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forNonmetallic Semi-Conducting and Electrically InsulatingRubber Tapes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4325; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in t
2、he case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 The
3、se test methods cover the methods and proceduresfor testing electrically insulating and semi-nonmetallic con-ducting rubber tapes designed for splicing, terminating, andsheath repair of electrical wire and cable.1.2 The test methods appear in the following sections:SectionReferenced Documents 2Condi
4、tioning 5-6Dielectric Strength 35-40Dimensions 11-16Dissipation Factor 22-26Elongation 17-21Heat Exposure 46-49Fusion 7-10Ozone Resistance 41-45Permittivity 22-26Sample Requirements 4Tensile Strength 17-21Volume Resistivity 27-34Ultraviolet and Weather Resistance 50-541.3 The SI values are the stand
5、ard. The inch-pound valuesgiven in parentheses are for information purposes only.NOTE 1There is no IEC equivalent to these methods.1.4 Unless otherwise stated, measurements are made ontapes from which the removable separator has been removed.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesa
6、fety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specificprecaution statements see 43.1.1.6 This is a fire-test respo
7、nse standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materialsat Commercial Power Frequencies2D 150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Per-mittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Ele
8、ctrical Insulat-ing Materials2D 257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance ofInsulating Materials2D 374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-lation2D 412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-plastic Rubbers and Thermoplastic ElastomersTension3D 470 Test Methods for Cro
9、sslinked Insulations and Jacketsfor Wire and Cable2D 750 Test Method for Rubber Deterioration in Carbon-ArcWeathering Apparatus3D 4388 Specification for Nonmetallic Semi-Conducting andElectrically Insulating Rubber Tapes4D 4496 Test Method for DC Resistance or Conductance ofModerately Conductive Mat
10、erials4E 591 Practice for Safety and Health Requirements Relatingto Occupational Exposure to Ozone53. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 fusion, nthat property of rubber tape which causesadjacent layers of tape to become bonded (amalgamated) oradhered together when t
11、he tape is stretched and wound uponitself in layers.SAMPLING4. Sample and Specimen Requirements4.1 Unless otherwise required by the detailed product speci-fications, take the rubber tapes at random from each shipmentas follows:Number of Rollsin ShipmentNumber of SampleRolls50 to 200 21These test met
12、hods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 onElectrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D09.07 on Flexible and Rigid Insulating Materials.Current edition approved March 10, 2002. Published June 2002. Originallypublished as D 4325 97.2An
13、nual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.02.5Discontinued, see 1991 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.03.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United Stat
14、es.201 to 500 3501 to 1000 41001 to 5000 54.2 For shipments in excess of 5000 rolls, take one addi-tional roll for each additional 1000 rolls or fraction thereof.4.3 A shipment consists of material shipped or intended forshipment to a customer and covered by one bill of lading.4.4 Test each sample r
15、oll in conformance to all requirementsof the specification.4.5 All test methods in this standard are intended to producea single value for a single roll. Any reference to averaging ofmeasurements refers to test averaging on a single roll and notto the average of all sample rolls.4.6 Remove and disca
16、rd at least 610 mm (24 in.) of the outerlayer of each roll before taking test specimens.4.7 Remove the test specimen from the roll at a slow,uniform rate without jerking.CONDITIONING5. Significance and Use5.1 The physical and electrical properties, including breakstrength, elongation, dielectric str
17、ength, dissipation factor,permittivity, fusion, etc., will vary with temperature andmoisture content. Control the temperature and moisture contentof the sample for these test methods to yield consistent andreproducible results.6. Procedure6.1 For referee purposes, subject the rolls to standardatmosp
18、heric conditions of 23 6 2C (73.4 6 3.6F) and 50 62 % relative humidity for a minimum period of 16 h beforespecimens are removed for test.6.2 Unless otherwise specified, condition all test specimensfor a period of 1 h and conduct the tests in a standard laboratoryatmosphere at 23 6 2C (73.4 6 3.6F)
19、and 50 6 2 % relativehumidity.FUSION7. Significance and Use7.1 Fusion is responsible for holding the tape in place toform a permanent compressive force about a conductor orinsulator in actual application.8. Apparatus8.1 Winding FixtureThe winding fixture is designed tohold a metal rod at each end an
20、d is fitted with a crank or otherdevice to rotate the rod so that the specimen may be woundthereon. Attach the fixture to a rigid support with the rod heldin a horizontal position.8.2 RodsAny suitable metal of 3-mm (0.125-in.) diameterand a minimum of 229 mm (9.0 in.) in length.8.3 Rule, graduated i
21、n inches, 762-mm (30-in.) minimumlength.8.4 Rule, graduated in 0.4 mm (164 in.).8.5 Razor Blades.8.6 Board, with 3-mm (0.125-in.) diameter holes spacedabout 50 mm (2 in.) apart on its surface to provide a base forsupporting the rods in a near-vertical position.9. Procedure9.1 Prepare three specimens
22、 by cutting three strips of tape280 mm (11 in.) in length from the sample roll selected andconditioned in accordance with Sections 4-6. Prepare and windspecimens in a manner that prevents oils or other contaminantsfrom getting on the bonding surface of the tape.9.2 Mount the rod horizontally in the
23、winding fixture.9.3 Attach the strip of tape near one end of the rod bywinding the strip upon itself using 25 mm (1 in.) of the tape.Place the 762-mm (30-in.) rule next to the 254-mm (10-in.)tape strip. Stretch the tape strip to the desired length corre-sponding to percent elongation as specified in
24、 the productspecification (Specification D 4388, Table 1).9.4 Move the tape to the proper angle and rotate the rod sothat the tape is wrapped on the rod with a one-half lap for alength of 178 mm (7.0 in.).9.5 Change the angle of the tape and repeat the procedure in9.4 winding back toward the start o
25、f the first wrap so that thesecond one-half overlap wrap is wound over the first wrap toprovide a four layer build-up of tape.9.6 After the final wrap, maintain constant pressure on thetape strip and score the tape with a new razor blade at the topof the rod, parallel to the rod. Break the tape on t
26、he score line,removing the tab. Remove the test specimen from the fixtureand roll the specimen so formed between the palm of thehands. This completes the preparation of the test specimen.9.7 Insert the wrapped specimen in the holes in the base ofthe board and allow them to condition at 23.0 6 2C (73
27、.4 63.6F) and 50 6 2 % relative humidity for 24 h. At the end ofthis period, if there is any flagging (end-lifting) of the tape,measure the length of the flag to the nearest 0.4 mm (164 in.),taking care not to cause additional unwrapping in the measur-ing operation Record the maximum, minimum and av
28、eragelength of the flag.10. Report10.1 Report the following information:10.1.1 Identification of the tape tested, and10.1.2 Pass or fail depending on the requirements outlinedin the product specification (see Specification D 4388).DIMENSIONSLENGTH, WIDTH, ANDTHICKNESS11. Significance and Use11.1 Mea
29、surements of length, width, and thickness arenecessary to ensure a customer is receiving the correct quantityof tape. The thickness measurement is of particular value incontrolling uniformity and providing design criteria, as well asbeing used in the measurement of physical and electricalproperties.
30、12. Apparatus12.1 Steel Rule, capable of measuring to the nearest 0.4 mm(164 in.).12.2 Thickness GageA dead weight dial micrometer asprescribed in Method C of Test Methods D 374, with thefollowing modifications:D432502212.2.1 A micrometer with graduations to 0.01 mm (0.001in).12.2.2 A micrometer wit
31、h a presser foot 6.35 6 0.25 mm(0.25 6 0.01 in.) in diameter exerting a total force of 2.50 60.03 N (10.0 6 0.1 oz) force.12.2.3 Calibrate the gage for the actual load exerted by thepresser foot.13. Test Specimen13.1 Select and condition the tape and specimen in accor-dance with Sections 4-6.14. Pro
32、cedure14.1 Length DeterminationUnwind the tape and separatorfrom the roll, place it on a hard smooth surface, and measurethe length to the nearest 0.4 mm (164 in.).14.2 ThicknessPlace the insulation surface against theanvil of the gage with the separator side up holding the samplein a manner such th
33、at it is smooth, yet not under tension. Lowerthe presser foot onto the tape in accordance with Test MethodsD 374, allowing it to rest upon the tape for 2 s, and observe thereading on the dial. Take five measurements uniformly distrib-uted over the length of the tape specimen. Report the averagethick
34、ness to the nearest 0.005 mm (0.0002 in.).14.3 WidthPlace the test specimen, after conditioning, ona hard smooth surface. Measure the width perpendicular to theedge with the steel scale to the nearest 0.40 mm (164 in.).15. Report15.1 Report the following information:15.1.1 Identification of the tape
35、 tested, and15.1.2 Report the thickness, length, and width measured inaccordance with the procedures outlined above.16. Precision and Bias16.1 PrecisionThis test method has been in use for manyyears, but no information has been presented to ASTMInternational upon which to base a statement of precisi
36、on. Noactivity has been planned to develop such information.16.2 BiasThis test method has no bias because the valuesare determined solely in terms of this test method itself.TENSILE STRENGTH AND ELONGATION17. Significance and Use17.1 The tensile strength of the tape is an important measureof uniform
37、ity, quality, and ability to withstand stress in service.17.2 The elongation of a tape is important as a measure ofuniformity and quality and provides a rough indication of howmuch a workman may stretch the tape in use for splicing,terminating, and repairing of wires and cables.18. Test Specimen18.1
38、 The test sample consists of a single layer of tape that isapproximately 610 mm (24 in.) long, with the removableseparator removed. Select and condition in accordance withSections 4-6.19. Procedure19.1 Perform the tests for tensile strength and elongation inaccordance with Test Methods D 412, with t
39、he followingexceptions:19.1.1 Cut five test specimens from a single ply of tape(rubber and separator) that is free from visible defects using theASTM standard die, as shown in Fig. number 1 (Die A) of TestMethods D 412, except that the ends of the specimen cut froma 19-mm (0.75-in.) tape need not be
40、 full width. Place benchmarks on the specimens as directed in Test Methods D 412.19.1.2 Measure the thickness in accordance with 14.2,removing the separator where it is not an integral part of thetape. Record the appropriate thickness.19.1.3 Where jaw breaks occur, discard the results andretest.20.
41、Report20.1 Report the following information:20.1.1 Average breaking strength expressed in MPa (psi),and20.1.2 Average percent elongation.21. Precision and Bias21.1 See precision and bias statements of Test MethodsD 412 for general discussion of precision and bias of this test.21.2 PrecisionThis test
42、 method has been in use for manyyears, but no information has been presented to ASTMInternational upon which to base a statement of precision. Noactivity has been planned to develop such information.21.3 BiasThis test method has no bias because the valuesfor tensile strength and elongation are deter
43、mined solely interms of this test method itself.DISSIPATION FACTOR AND PERMITTIVITY22. Significance and Use22.1 The dissipation factor and permittivity of an electri-cally insulating rubber tape are properties of the material whichare important when it is used as high-voltage insulation.22.2 Measure
44、ments of dissipation factor and permittivityare nondestructive tests that are helpful in determining theproduct uniformity, moisture absorption, and changes in com-position.23. Conditioning23.1 Unless otherwise specified, use the following condi-tions in preparing specimens and conducting measuremen
45、ts:23.1.1 As receivedCondition a set of specimens at 23 62C (73.4 6 3.6F) for1hat506 5 % relative humidity priorto testing at temperatures of 236 2C.23.1.2 Elevated temperatureCondition a set of specimensat some specified temperature (for example, 90 6 2C 194 63.6F) for 1 h prior to testing at tempe
46、rature specified (forexample, 90 6 2C).23.1.3 After water immersionCondition a set of speci-mens in distilled water at a temperature of 23 6 2C (73.4 63.6F) for a period of 24 h. Remove from water, pat dry, andtest immediately at 23 6 2C.D432502323.1.4 After hot water immersionCondition a set of spe
47、ci-mens in distilled water at a temperature of 70 6 2C (158 63.6F) for a period of 24 h. Allow the immersed specimens tocome to room temperature by conditioning in distilled water at23 6 2C (73.4 6 3.6F) for 4 h. Remove from water, pat dry,and test immediately at 23 6 2C.24. Procedure24.1 Prepare th
48、ree specimens that are free from defects fromeach roll that has been selected and conditioned in accordancewith Sections 4-6. It is desirable to test tapes that are 38 mm(1.5 in.) or wider. In place of testing narrower widths, themanufacturer may provide certified test results performed onsamples ta
49、ken from the master roll from which the rolls wereprepared.24.2 Determine the thickness of the specimen in accordancewith 14.2.24.3 Perform the measurements at 1.6 kV/mm (40 V/mil) 60Hz in accordance with Test Methods D 150 using a guardedelectrode. Average the test results.25. Report25.1 Report the following information:25.1.1 Average tape thickness,25.1.2 Conditioning method,25.1.3 Average dissipation factor, and25.1.4 Average permittivity.26. Precision and Bias26.1 See precision and bias statements of Test MethodsD 150 for general discuss
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