ASTM D4330-1994(2017) Standard Practice for Evaluation of Fiberglass Boat Polish and Wax《评定玻璃纤维船抛光剂和蜡的标准实施规程》.pdf

1、Designation: D4330 94 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Practice forEvaluation of Fiberglass Boat Polish and Wax1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4330; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last re

2、vision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the properties to test and theapparatus to use when evaluating the performance of boatpolishes and waxes

3、, in terms of ease of application, cleaningefficiency, gloss and improvement of aesthetic appearance.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and hea

4、lth practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2825 Terminology Relating to Polishes and Related Mate-rials3. Significance and Use3.1 Boat polish or wax aids in cleaning and maintaining thesurface of fiberglass boats.

5、 The function of cleaning is veryimportant.3.2 This practice defines the properties to be tested, theapparatus to use, and the comparisons of product performance.It is recognized that considerable discretion exists amongformulators and marketers of boat polish on what properties orperformance charac

6、teristics are best for their products. Thispractice is flexible to honor this fact.3.3 The methods of testing are subjective and empirical inorder to conform to the basic characteristics of the industry andto allow flexibility in testing.Although test panels may be usedfor screening purposes, actual

7、 boat surfaces should be used forthe final evaluation.4. Apparatus and Materials4.1 Sample of Polish or Wax.4.2 Sample of Control Polish or WaxThe control isselected subjectively for comparison to the test sample. It maybe a competitive product, a modified formulation of the testpolish or wax, and s

8、o forth. The control must be of the same orsimilar type as the test sample. It would not be meaningful toselect a paste product as a control for comparison to a liquidtest polish or wax. In addition, polishes to be evaluated shouldbe for the same intended use. Products for below the water linemay be

9、 different than those designed for above the water line.4.3 Test SubstratesThe test substrate3shall be intended forthe test polish or wax. The test surface shall be in good physicalcondition, not badly cracked, scratched, or otherwise damagedso as to interfere with evaluations of polish or wax prope

10、rties.The minimum test surface area for each sample shall be 200in.2(1290 cm2). Whenever possible, the evaluation of testpolish or wax should be made on boats subject to actual useand exposure to diverse but normal conditions.4.4 Polishing ClothThe same type of polishing cloth shallbe used with each

11、 sample tested. Separate cloths shall be usedfor each sample. Materials such as washed cheese cloth,rumple cloth, flannel, cotton diaper cloth, and nonwovenfabrics are suitable for this purpose. Felt or paper shall not beused.4.5 Cleaning SolventAliphatic solvents with Kauri Buta-nol values less tha

12、n 38.4.6 Eye Droppers and Distilled or Deionized Water.4.7 Masking Tape, with a38-in. (9.5 mm) width.4.8 Thermometer.4.9 Humidity Gage.5. Test Conditions5.1 The temperature and relative humidity of the test runsshall be measured and recorded. The temperature shall bewithin 55 to 85F (13 to 29C) with

13、 a relative humidity of 20to 80 %.5.2 The substrate shall have the same temperature as thesurrounding area.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D21 on Polishesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D21.04 on Performance Tests.Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2017. Pu

14、blished February 2017. Originallyapproved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4330 94(2008).DOI: 10.1520/D4330-94R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume infor

15、mation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Type of fiberglass, polyester or gel coat, or both.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with in

16、ternationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.16. Personnel and Instructions6.1 The applicat

17、ion and evaluation of the test and controlpolishes or waxes require four individuals. They shall becapable of making discriminating judgements of subjectivephysical and aesthetic properties. Training and orientation tospecific product performance characteristics may be required.6.2 The four persons

18、each apply the polishes or waxes toone of the four test substrates. All persons then rate allproperties except application properties on the remaining threesubstrates to which they did not apply polish. The personsapplying the polishes or waxes rate ease of use and otherapplication properties. There

19、 will be only four readings onapplication properties. The three rating the other properties donot observe the application because they rate properties of eachpolish or wax “blind.”7. Procedure7.1 Cleaning of Test SubstratesClean the test substratethoroughly with an aliphatic solvent having a Kauri B

20、utanolvalue less than 38. Soft cotton towels may be used to apply thesolvent to the surface and to wipe it clean. Use new oradequately laundered towels. If previously tested polishescontained resins or reactive polymers or both, or unknownpolishes have been previously used on the test substrate,prec

21、lean first with an abrasive cleaner to ensure their removal.7.2 Surface SubdivisionDivide and outline the precleanedsurface of each test substrate by tape with uniform squares.7.3 Application of Polish or WaxAssuming the controlpolish or the test polish is a commercially available product,follow the

22、 directions on the container so far as is possible.When in doubt on the method of use, the directions for similarproducts may be used. Use equal volumes of control and testpolish or wax to avoid excessively thin or heavy coats. One ortwo applications may be used depending on the substrate andthe dis

23、cretion of the tester. The same number of coats must beused for both the test sample and the control.8. Placement of Polishes or Waxes8.1 Method AA controlled randomized method of layingout the test (X) and control (C) polishes or waxes is representedas follows:TestSubstrate Left Center Right1 CXC2

24、CCX3 XCX4 XXCThese four positionings should be written on tags and drawnrandomly by each of the four who apply the polishes.8.2 Method BA controlled randomized method of layingout the test (X) and control (C) polishes is represented asfollows:TestSubstrate Left Right1 CX2 XC34These four positionings

25、 should be written on tags and drawnrandomly by each of the four who apply the polishes.9. Evaluation9.1 General comparison is made between the test polish orwax and the control.9.2 Application PropertiesDuring the application of thepolish or wax the first phase of evaluation is begun. In eachcase c

26、omparison is made between the test sample and thecontrol. All or any number of the following properties areevaluated:9.2.1 Ease of ApplicationDuring the application of thepolishes or waxes, note the ease of wetting, spreadability, andabsence of drag.9.2.2 Cleaning Effect of PolishFollowing the appli

27、cationof the polishes or waxes, inspect the discoloration, if any, onapplicators (towels). Observe the ease of removal of theoxidized film as well as common fouling agents such as algae,grease, oils, and so forth. This may be done either in thelaboratory or during actual use trials of the products.

28、A goodcleaner usually enhances the appearance of the substrate. Apoor cleaner may leave a dull, soiled, or mottled appearance.9.2.3 Drying RateTake readings of time in minutes foreach polish or wax to dry.9.2.4 Ease of Wipe OffNote effort necessary to wipe offeach of the samples from test substrate.

29、9.2.5 PowderingNote the degree of powdering, if any,during the wipe off of samples from test substrate.9.2.6 Ease of Rub-up to Maximum GlossDuring applica-tion of the polishes or waxes note the time and ease with whicheach product develops the maximum gloss.9.3 Final PropertiesFive to ten minutes af

30、ter the applica-tion of the polishes or waxes, begin the second phase of theevaluation. In each case comparison is made between the testsample and the control. All or any number of the followingproperties are evaluated:9.3.1 GlossEvaluate as depth of gloss (the optical phe-nomenon of relative depth

31、perceived when viewing reflectivesurfaces), or as defined in Terminology D2825.9.3.2 UniformityObserve the surface for streaks, unpol-ished dry spots, and general uniformity.9.3.3 Film ClarityObserve the clearness or sharpness ofan objects image in the polished or waxed surface. Overheadlights, face

32、, hands, or other objects may be used for reflection.This test may be eliminated for low luster surfaces that do notpossess mirror-like finishes.9.3.4 Smear and Mar ResistanceSmear is the degree ofoiliness or greasiness after the polish or wax is rubbed-up to thedesired appearance. Mar is the degree

33、 of film damage resultingfrom a glancing blow to the polished or waxed substrate.Check smear by making a design such as an “S” with onesfinger. A glancing blow with ones knuckles or soft object suchas a book or magazine may be used for determining the degreeof mar.9.3.5 Film HealingObserve the lengt

34、h of time required forthe smear or mar in 8.3.4 to disappear from the applied film. Ifeither the smear or mar does not disappear after 60 min, thisshould also be noted.D4330 94 (2017)29.3.6 RebuffabilityObserve the ease and completeness ofrepairability when the smears and mars are buffed with apolis

35、hing cloth. Note the amount of physical effort and lengthof time required.9.3.7 Gloss RetentionObserve the degree of gloss of afreshly applied film compared to that of an exposed polish orwax.10. Report10.1 Method AUsing “Placement of Polishes or WaxesAlternate A,” rate all properties 0 to 5. A valu

36、e of 5 equalsexcellent and 0 equals complete failure. Values in between arevarious degrees between these extremes. This is a monadicvalue system for each test surface evaluated based on eachindividual raters own reference scale. Because the threeindividuals rating the final properties do not know th

37、e place-ment sequence, each polished area is rated “blind” with nopossibility for bias.10.1.1 Fig. 1 shall be used to record raw data. Fig. 2 shall beused to summarize and compare the raw data. The followingcalculation provides a rating factor for each property tested:F = rating factor for test poli

38、sh or wax,Fc= rating factor for control polish or wax,xproperty= sum of all readings of a specific property for thetest polish or wax,cproperty= sum of all readings of a specific property for thecontrol polish or wax,n = number of observations,F = X property / n, andFc= C property / n.10.2 Method BU

39、sing“ Placement of Polishes or WaxesAlternate B,” rate all properties 1 to 5 with the control surfacealways giving a rating of 3 regardless of how good or bad itreally is. The scale has the following adjectival ratings:1 = significantly poorer than control.2 = slightly poorer than control.3 = no dif

40、ference from control.4 = slightly better than control.5 = significantly better than control.10.2.1 This value system is a paired comparison with thecontrol surface always acting as the point of reference. Becausethe three individuals rating the final properties need the controlProperties Test Panel

41、Application No. 1 Test Panel Application No. 2Left Center Right Left Center RightProperties Test Panel Application No. 3 Test Panel Application No. 4Left Center Right Left Center RightRating Scale: 0 to 55excellent 2fair4very good 1poor3good 0complete failureNOTE 1Designate position of product (X or

42、 C) in box designating position on test panel; that is, left, center, or right.FIG. 1 Fiberglass Boat Polish and Wax EvaluationIndividual Ratings for 9.1.1.D4330 94 (2017)3surface to be identified, the identification of the control productmust not be revealed to prevent bias.10.2.2 Fig. 3 shall be u

43、sed to record the raw data. Fig. 4shall be used to summarize and compare the raw data. Thefollowing calculation provides a rating factor for each propertytested.F = rating factor for test polish or wax,xproperty= sum of all readings for a specific property for thetest polish or wax,n = number of obs

44、ervation, andFx= X property / n.Specific properties (Fc) of the control are assigned a value of3.0.10.3 Record temperature and relative humidity at time testswere run.11. Precision and Bias11.1 Method ADue to the subjective nature of thispractice, no precision and bias can be established.11.2 Method

45、 BDue to the subjective nature of thispractice, no precision and bias can be established. However,because all the rating factors are in relation to the control, thevalues can be analyzed statistically to determine if the differ-ences observed are significant.12. Keywords12.1 buffability; gloss; glos

46、s retention; heal; polish; polish-ing cloth; powdering; smear; waxProducts Compared _Surfaces Used for Testing _Temperature _ Relative Humidity _Date _ Evaluator _Properties Summary of Product (X) Properties Summary of Control (C) PropertiesnxProperties F ncProperties FcFIG. 2 Fiberglass Boat Polish

47、 and Wax EvaluationsSummary of Individual Ratings for 9.1.1.D4330 94 (2017)4Properties Test Panel Application No. 1 Test Panel Application No. 2Control Test Test ControlProperties Test Panel Application No. 3 Test Panel Application No. 4Control Test Test ControlRating Scale: 1 to 55significantly better than control4slightly better than control3no difference from control2slightly poorer than control1significantly poorer than controlFIG. 3 Fiberglass Boat Polish and Wax EvaluationIndividual Ratings for 9.2.1.D4330 94 (2017)5ASTM International takes no position respe