ASTM D4662-2008(2011)e1 Standard Test Methods for Polyurethane Raw Materials Determination of Acid and Alkalinity Numbers of Polyols《聚氨酯原料的标准试验方法 多元醇酸值和碱值的测定》.pdf

1、Designation: D4662 08 (Reapproved 2011)1Standard Test Methods forPolyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Acid andAlkalinity Numbers of Polyols1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4662; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, i

2、n the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEEditorially added Report and Precision and Bias information following Test Method A in Fe

3、bruary 2011.1. Scope1.1 These test methods measure the acidic and basic con-stituents in polyols and other materials of high acidity oralkalinity that are soluble in mixtures of toluene and ethylalcohol. These test methods do not apply to polyethers. (SeeNote 1.)1.2 This standard does not purport to

4、 address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1There is no known ISO equivalent to this stand

5、ard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1193 Specification for Reagent Water3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in these testmethods see Terminology D883.3.2 Descriptions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 acid numberthe quant

6、ity of base, expressed inmilligrams of potassium hydroxide, that is required to titrateacidic constituents present in1gofsample.3.2.2 alkalinity numberthe quantity of base, expressed asmilligrams of potassium hydroxide, present in1gofsample.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The sample is dissolved in a m

7、ixture of toluene andethyl alcohol. The resulting single-phase solution is titrated atroom temperature with alcoholic potassium hydroxide solu-tion, to the end point indicated by the color change of the addedphenolphthalein. Alkalinity numbers are determined by back-titration after adding excess hyd

8、rochloric acid. The endpoint ofthese titrations also can be determined potentiometrically.5. Significance and Use5.1 These test methods are suitable for quality control, asspecification tests, and for research. The acid and alkalinitynumbers indicate the extent of a reaction with acids. The resultsa

9、re measures of batch-to-batch uniformity and may be used ascorrection factors in calculating hydroxyl number.6. Reagents and Materials6.1 Purity of ReagentsUse reagent-grade chemicals in alltests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagentsconform to the specifications of the Commit

10、tee on AnalyticalReagents of the American Chemical Society where suchspecifications are available.3Other grades may be used pro-vided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficientlyhigh purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy ofthe determination.6.2 Purity of WaterUnless

11、otherwise indicated, referencesto water shall be understood to mean reagent water as definedby Type I of Specification D1193.6.3 Ethyl Alcohol, 95 %.6.4 Hydrochloric Acid (0.1 N)Prepare a 0.1 N solution ofhydrochloric acid (HCl). Standardization is unnecessary.6.5 Phenolphthalein Indicator SolutionD

12、issolve 0.5 g ofphenolphthalein in 100 mL of a mixture of equal volumes ofwater and ethyl alcohol. Add a slight excess of 0.1 N NaOHsolution (pink color) and then just neutralize (colorless) with0.1 N HCl.6.6 Potassium Hydroxide, Standard Alcoholic Solution (0.1N)Dissolve 5.61 g of potassium hydroxi

13、de (KOH) in 10 mL1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on CellularMaterials - Plastics and Elastomers.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2011. Published March 2011. Originallyapproved in 1987. Last previ

14、ous edition approved in 2008 as D4662 - 08. DOI:10.1520/D4662-08R11E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe AST

15、M website.3Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, AmericanChemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for LaboratoryChemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States

16、Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,MD.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.of carbon dioxide-free water and dilute to 1 L with ethylalcohol. Store the solution in a ch

17、emical-resistant dispensingbottle protected by a guard tube containing soda-lime orascarite. Standardize frequently enough to detect changes of0.0005 N, preferably against pure potassium acid phthalate(KHC8H4O4, 0.8 to 0.9 g) in about 100 mL of carbondioxide-free water, using phenolphthalein to dete

18、ct the endpoint.6.7 Sodium Hydroxide, Standard Solution (0.1 N)Prepareand standardize a 0.1 N solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH).6.8 Titration SolventMix equal volumes of toluene andethyl alcohol.7. Sampling7.1 Polyesters usually contain molecules covering an appre-ciable range of molecular weights

19、. These have a tendency tofractionate during solidification. Unless the material is a finelyground solid, it is necessary to melt (using as low a temperatureas necessary) and mix the resin well before removing a samplefor analysis. Because many polyols are hygroscopic, one musttake care to provide m

20、inimum exposure to atmospheric mois-ture during the sampling.TEST METHOD AACID NUMBER8. Procedure8.1 Into a 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask, introduce a weighedquantity of the sample (Note 2). Add 50 mL of the titrationsolvent and 0.5 mL of the indicator solution, and swirl until thesample is completely dis

21、solved (heat only if necessary, and donot boil).NOTE 2For samples with an acid number of less than 7.0, use 6 to 8g of sample. If the acid number is expected to exceed 7.0, choose anamount of sample that will contain 0.7 to 0.9 meq of acid. If the sampleis not sufficiently soluble to enable use of t

22、he above amounts, decrease thesample size as necessary. Weigh samples exceeding 1.0 g to the nearest 1mg. Weigh smaller samples to the nearest 0.1 mg.8.2 Titrate immediately with 0.1 N KOH solution at atemperature below 30C, using a 10-mL buret to add the KOHsolution and using phenolphthalein as the

23、 indicator. Swirl thesolution vigorously and add the KOH solution dropwise whenapproaching the end point. Consider the end point definite ifthe color change persists for 15 s.8.3 Make a blank determination on 50 mL of the titrationsolvent and 0.5 mL of the indicator solution, in the samemanner as th

24、e sample was titrated. Record the quantity of 0.1N KOH solution required to reach the phenolphthalein endpoint.9. Calculation9.1 Calculate the acid number, in milligrams of KOH/gramof sample, as follows:Acid number 5 A 2 B!N 3 56.1/Wwhere:A = KOH solution required for titration of the sample, mL,B =

25、 KOH solution required for titration of the blank, mL,N = normality of the KOH solution, andW = sample used, g.10. Report10.1 For acid and alkalinity numbers below 7.0, report thevalue to the nearest 0.01.10.2 For acid or alkalinity numbers of 7.0 or over, report thevalue to the nearest 0.1.11. Prec

26、ision and Bias411.1 PrecisionAttempts to develop a precision and biasstatement for these test methods have not been successful. Forthis reason, data on precision and bias cannot be given.Because these test methods do not contain numerical precisionand bias statements, they shall not be used as refer

27、ee testmethods in case of dispute. Anyone wishing to participate inthe development of precision and bias data should contact theChairman, Subcommittee D20.22 (Section D20.22.01), ASTMInternational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA19428.11.1.1 A limited round robin was run with three labo

28、rato-ries. It is estimated that duplicate results by the same analystshould be considered suspect if they differ by more than thefollowing amounts:Acid or Alkalinity Number Repeatabilityless than 7.0 0.1 number7.0 and over 1 %11.2 BiasThe bias for these test methods has not yet beendetermined.12. Ke

29、ywords12.1 acidity; acid number; alkalinity number; polyolsTEST METHOD BALKALINITY NUMBER13. Procedure13.1 Proceed as directed in Section 8. If the sample solutionis alkaline to phenolphthalein, add 0.1 N HCl from a 10-mLburet until the solution is colorless; then add 1.0 mL excess.Back-titrate to t

30、he end point with 0.1 N NaOH solution from a10-mL buret. Titrate a blank containing the same amount ofadded 0.1 N HCl.14. Calculation14.1 Calculate the alkalinity number, in milligrams of KOH/gram of sample, as follows:Alkalinity number 5 B 2 A!N 3 56.1/Wwhere the terms are defined as in Section 9.1

31、5. Report15.1 For acid and alkalinity numbers below 7.0, report thevalue to the nearest 0.01.15.2 For acid or alkalinity numbers of 7.0 or over, report thevalue to the nearest 0.1.4Supporting data are available from ASTM Headquarters. Request RR:D20-1089.D4662 08 (2011)1216. Precision and Bias416.1

32、PrecisionAttempts to develop a precision and biasstatement for these test methods have not been successful. Forthis reason, data on precision and bias cannot be given.Because these test methods do not contain numerical precisionand bias statements, they shall not be used as referee testmethods in ca

33、se of dispute. Anyone wishing to participate inthe development of precision and bias data should contact theChairman, Subcommittee D20.22 (Section D20.22.01), ASTMInternational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA19428.16.1.1 A limited round robin was run with three laborato-ries. It is est

34、imated that duplicate results by the same analystshould be considered suspect if they differ by more than thefollowing amounts:Acid or Alkalinity Number Repeatabilityless than 7.0 0.1 number7.0 and over 1 %16.2 BiasThe bias for these test methods has not yet beendetermined.17. Keywords17.1 acidity;

35、acid number; alkalinity number; polyolsASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the

36、riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of

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38、ke your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D4662 08 (2011)13