1、Designation: D 4869 05e1Standard Specification forAsphalt-Saturated Organic Felt Underlayment Used in SteepSlope Roofing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4869; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, th
2、e year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.e1NOTEFig. 1 was corrected editorially in May 2006.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers asphalt-saturated organic felt
3、for use as an underlayment with steep slope roofing.1.2 The objective of this specification is to provide afinished product that will lie flat and resist wrinkling, pucker-ing, and shrinking when left exposed to the sun, rain, frost, ordew for a period of two weeks after application.1.3 The values s
4、tated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 8, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any,
5、associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D70 Test Method for Specific Gravity and Density ofSemi
6、-Solid Bituminous Materials (Pycnometer Method)D 146 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Bitumen-Saturated Felts and Woven Fabrics for Roofing and Wa-terproofingD 228 Test Methods for Sampling, Testing, and Analysis ofAsphalt Roll Roofing, Cap Sheets, and Shingles Used inRoofing and WaterproofingD
7、 1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing, Waterproofing,and Bituminous MaterialsD 1922 Test Method for Propagation Tear Resistance ofPlastic Film and Thin Sheeting by Pendulum MethodD 6136 Test Method for Kerosine Number of Unsaturated(Dry) Felt by the Vacuum MethodF 1087 Test Method for Linear Dimensi
8、onal Stability of aGasket Material to Moisture3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this speci-fication, refer to Terminology D 1079.4. Classification4.1 Asphalt-saturated felts covered by this specification areof four types:4.1.1 Type I#8 Underlayment,4.1.2 Type II#13 Underl
9、ayment,4.1.3 Type III#20 Underlayment, and4.1.4 Type IV#26 Underlayment.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 In the process of manufacture, a single thickness oforganic dry felt shall be uniformly saturated with an asphalticsaturant.5.2 The felt shall be produced principally from organicfibers. The surfa
10、ce of the felt shall be uniform and relativelysmooth. Upon splitting or tearing on the bias, the felt shallappear free of lumps or particles of foreign substances.6. Physical Requirements6.1 The material shall conform to the physical requirementsin accordance with Table 1 and the dimensions and mass
11、es inaccordance with Table 2.6.2 The finished product shall not crack nor be so sticky asto cause tearing or other damage upon being unrolled attemperatures between 0 and 60C (32 and 140F).1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 onRoofing and Waterproofing and is the dire
12、ct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02on Prepared Roofings, Shingles, and Siding Materials.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2005. Published January 2005. Originallyapproved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 4869 04.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm
13、.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.3 The fi
14、nished product shall pass the water shower expo-sure test in accordance with 8.3, indicating resistance to liquidwater transmission.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 The felt shall be thoroughly and uniformly saturated,and shall show no unsaturated spots at any point upon cutting50-mm (2-in.
15、) wide strips at random across the entire sheet andsplitting them open for their full length.7.2 The saturated felt may be surfaced lightly on one sidewith talc or other finely comminuted mineral material toprevent sticking in the roll.7.3 The finished material shall be free of visible externaldefec
16、ts, such as holes, ragged or untrue edges, breaks, cracks,tears, protuberances, and indentations.8. Sampling and Test Methods8.1 Sample the material in accordance with Test MethodD 146 and determine the properties enumerated in this speci-fication in accordance with Test Methods D 146, D 228,D 1922,
17、 D 6136, and F 1087 as specified below.8.2 Determine the saturation percent of the felt in accor-dance with Test Method D 146, Section 19 (BituminousSaturant), and the saturating efficiency of the desaturated (dry)felt by the following method:8.2.1 Calculate the percent of asphalt saturation by divi
18、dingthe mass of the asphalt saturant by the mass of the desaturated(dry) felt and multiply the result by 100.8.2.2 Determine the kerosine number of the desaturated(dry) felt in accordance with Test Method D 6136.8.2.3 Calcutta the saturation efficiency of the felt by divid-ing the percent saturation
19、 of the asphalt saturated felt by thekerosine number times the specific gravity of the saturant andmultiply the result by 100. A suitable method for determiningthe specific gravity of the bitumen is Test Method D70.8.2.4 The precision and bias of this method for measuringkerosine value are as specif
20、ied in Test Method D 6136, Section12 (Precision and Bias).8.3 Determine the resistance to liquid water transmission bythe following test method:8.3.1 ScopeThe purpose of this test method is to indicatethe resistance of the material to transmission of liquid waterand visible deterioration by observat
21、ion of the material after awater shower is impinged for4honaninclined plane typicalof the lowest acceptable steep slope roof deck.8.3.2 Significance and UseThis test method measures theability of the underlayment to resist the transmission of liquidwater and visible deterioration by the action of wa
22、ter and,hence, function as intended. A function of underlayment is toprovide secondary protection to the deck and underlyingstructure by shielding these components from rain water thatmay be driven under the shingles by wind. Knowledge of theresistance of underlayment to liquid water transmission is
23、important to the assessment of its suitability for use as asecondary protective layer beneath any steep slope roofing.8.3.3 ApparatusThe water exposure tester consists of thefollowing components (see Fig. 1):8.3.3.1 One Head, mounted above sink. The head should becapable of providing a heavy shower
24、as described below.8.3.3.2 Cold, 5 to 27C (40 to 80F), Tap Water supply tothe shower and appropriate sink and drain to collect water runoff.TABLE 1 Physical RequirementsType I Type II Type III Type IVTear strength, 23 6 2C (73 6 4F) min, N (lbf)(both cross and with direction of sheet)2.0(0.45)2.0(0.
25、45)4.0(0.90)4.0(0.90)Pliability at 23 6 2C (73 6 4F). Ten stripstested shall not crack when bent 90 at auniform speed over a rounded corner ofradius in table for each type.12.7 mm(0.50 in.)12.7 mm(0.50 in.)19.1 mm(0.75 in.)19.1 mm(0.75 in.)Loss on heating at 105C (221F) for 5 h max, % 6 6 6 6Liquid
26、water transmission test Pass Pass Pass PassBreaking strength at 23 6 2C (73 6 4F), kN/m(lbf/in.), min MD and CD5.3 (30)2.6 (15)5.3 (30)2.6 (15)7.0 (40)3.5 (20)7.0 (40)3.5 (20)Dimensional stability, max, %(MD and CD, from Low Humidity to High Humidity)2.00 2.00 1.75 1.75TABLE 2 Dimensions and MassesT
27、ype I Type II Type III Type IVWidth of the roll, mm (in.)A914 (36) 6 0.7 % 914 (36) 6 0.7 % 914 (36) 6 0.7 % 914 (36) 6 0.7 %Area of the roll, m2(ft2),Amin 40.13 (432) 40.13 (432) 20.07 (216) 20.07 (216)Net mass of saturated felt, g/m2(lb/100 ft2), min390 (8.0) 635 (13.0) 976 (20) 1270 (26)Net mass
28、of saturant, g/m2(lb/100 ft2), min195 (4.0) 293 (6.0) 615 (12.6) 732 (15.0)Net mass of desaturated felt, g/m2(lb/100 ft2), min195 (4.0) 244 (5.0) 439 (9.0) 488 (10.0)Saturation, % by wt., min 100 120 140 150Moisture, % by wt.B, min 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0Saturating efficiency, % by wt., min 75.0 70.0 70.0 7
29、0.0AOther areas and widths can be provided as agreed upon by purchaser and seller.BAt time of manufacture.D486905e128.3.3.3 Stopwatch, 20-L (5-gal) pail, and volumetric mea-suring vessel.8.3.3.4 Plywood,38-in., 380 by 760 mm (15 by 30 in.), fortest specimen support.8.3.4 Procedure:8.3.4.1 Mount each
30、 single thickness sheet specimen on aplywood board by overlapping and folding over all edges andstapling the specimen on the back of the board. Take care toensure that the staples do not protrude at the front surface of theplywood board so as not to puncture the test specimen.8.3.4.2 After sample pr
31、eparation, condition the board at 21to 27C (70 to 80F) and 30 to 55 % relative humidity for 24h before testing.8.3.4.3 Position the test board in the sink at a 14 inclinewith the shower head directly overhead and 460 mm (18 in.)above the center of the test board. The shower should impingean area of
32、approximately 250 to 300 mm (10 to 12 in.) indiameter.8.3.4.4 Open the water supply to the shower head and adjustthe flow regulator to provide a flow of 42 to 44 cm3/s (40 to 42gal/h). Calibrate the volume of water by collecting the showeroutput in a 20-L (5-gal) pail for 1 min and then measure in a
33、measuring vessel. Run the water shower for 4 h.8.3.4.5 At the end of the test period, shut off the watersupply and wipe the surface and edges of the test board free ofexcess dripping water.8.3.4.6 Using a sharp knife, carefully cut the three edges ofthe specimen on the board to avoid accidental wett
34、ing of theback surface of the test specimen. Then turn over the specimenand inspect for any sign of wetness on the underside. Alsoinspect the top of the plywood board for wetness. Inspect thespecimen for any visible signs of deterioration by the action ofwater.8.3.4.7 Test two specimens from each ro
35、ll of product asabove to determine compliance with this test requirement.8.3.5 ResultsLiquid water transmission, the lack of trans-mission, or evidence of visible deterioration in this test isexpressed as follows:P No sign of any liquid water wetnessA on either specimen underside or topS of plywood
36、support or visibleS deterioration of the specimen.F Any sign of liquid water wetness onA either specimen underside or top ofI plywood support or visibleL deterioration of the specimen.8.3.6 Precision and BiasNo statement is made abouteither the precision or bias of this test method for measuringFIG.
37、 1 Water Shower Exposure Test for UnderlaymentD486905e13resistance to liquid water transmission since the result merelystates whether there is conformance to the criteria for successas specified in the procedure.8.4 Testing of the material for Dimensional Stability shallbe done in accordance with Te
38、st Method F 1087 except asmodified here.8.4.1 Three specimens should be dried per Section 7 of TestMethod F 1087 for Dimensional Stability to Low Humidity.Record the length and width of the specimens after drying andrecord as the bone-dry length dimension initial readings of thespecimens.8.4.2 The s
39、pecimens are then tested according to 7.3 of TestMethod F 1087 for Dimensional Stability to High Humidity.Measure the samples in the same place as previously measuredfor dry specimens and record as final readings.8.4.3 Report the results as percent dimensional change fromlow humidity (dry) measureme
40、nts to high humidity measure-ments calculated using the following equation:8.4.3.1 Low humidity to high humidity:DL%5Lh LlLl3 100where:Ll= low humidity (dry) length of sample,Lh= high humidity length of sample, andDL%= the percent change in length from low to highhumidity.8.4.4 Calculate and report
41、the average percent change inlength of the three individual specimens. The change reportedis the change from low humidity (dry) to high humiditymeasurements.9. Inspection9.1 Inspection of the material shall be made as agreed uponbetween the purchaser and the supplier as a part of the purchasecontrac
42、t.10. Rejection and Resubmittal10.1 Failure to conform to any of the requirements pre-scribed in this specification shall constitute grounds for rejec-tion. In case of rejection, the seller shall have the right toreinspect the rejected material and resubmit the lot afterremoval of those packages not
43、 conforming to the requirements.11. Packaging and Marking11.1 The rolls shall be securely wrapped or banded withmaterial that completely encircles the roll in a manner that willprevent slipping.11.2 No roll shall contain more than two pieces, and nomore than 3 % of the rolls in any lot shall contain
44、 two pieces.11.3 Unless otherwise specified, each package shall beplainly marked with the manufacturers name, brand name,ASTM designation, and type of underlayment.12. Keywords12.1 asphalt-saturated felt; roofing; steep slope;underlaymentASTM International takes no position respecting the validity o
45、f any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to
46、 revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters.
47、Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is c
48、opyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D486905e14
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