1、Designation: D 4873 02Standard Guide forIdentification, Storage, and Handling of Geosynthetic Rollsand Samples1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4873; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide provides guidelines for the identification andpackaging of rolled geosynthetics by the manufacturer and fo
3、rthe handling and storage of geosynthetics by the end user. Thisguide is not to be considered as all encompassing since eachproject involving geosynthetics presents its own challenges andspecial conditions. Geosynthetic samples are often taken atmanufacturer, supplier, or at the job site primarily f
4、or thepurpose of conformance testing and verification. Thesesamples should be properly labeled for identification purposes.1.2 This guide is intended to aid manufacturers, suppliers,purchasers, and users of geosynthetics for identification, han-dling, and storage.1.3 This guide is not applicable for
5、 factory fabricated panelsdue to a different set of identifications for the panel by thefabricator.1.4 This guide is also applicable to geosynthetic samples.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user o
6、f this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles2D 4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics for Testing3D 4439 Terminology
7、for Geosynthetics33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 geosynthetic, na planar product manufactured frompolymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or any othergeotechnical engineering related material as an integral part ofa man-made project, structure, or system.3.1.2 geotextile, na permeable g
8、eosynthetic comprisedsolely of textiles.3.1.3 For definitions of other geosynthetic terms, refer toTerminology D 4439.3.1.4 For definitions of textile terms, refer to TerminologyD 123.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 core, na mandrel of cardboard, foam or othermaterial on whi
9、ch geosynthetics are rolled during manufactur-ing to facilitate handling.3.2.2 supplier, nthe person or organization from whom ageosynthetic is purchased or otherwise obtained.3.2.2.1 DiscussionThe supplier is frequently the manu-facturer of the geosynthetic, but need not be. A supplier who isnot th
10、e manufacturer is expected to ensure that the responsi-bilities of the manufacturer are fully met.3.2.3 sample, n(1) a portion of material which is taken fortesting or for record purposes. (see also sample, lot; sample,laboratory; and specimen.) (2) a group of specimens used, or ofobservations made,
11、 which provide information that can be usedfor making statistical inferences about the population(s) fromwhich the specimens are drawn.4. Significance and Use4.1 For a geosynthetic to be properly used it must beadequately identified and packaged. It must be handled andstored in such a way that its p
12、hysical property values are notdegraded. Failure to follow good practice may result in theunnecessary failure of the geosynthetic in a properly designedapplication.4.2 This guide is not intended to replace project-specificstorage, handling, identification, packaging, or installationrequirements or q
13、uality assurance programs.5. Procedure5.1 Packaging and Identification:5.1.1 When cores are required, use those that have acrushing strength sufficient to avoid collapse or other damagein normal use.5.1.2 For geotextiles and geotextile composites, cover eachroll with a wrapping material for protecti
14、on from damage dueto shipment, water, sunlight, or contaminants while beingstored or handled in accordance with this guide.5.1.3 Identify each roll with a durable, gummed label, orequivalent, either clearly readable on the roll packaging, on the1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee
15、 D35 on Geosyntheticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.02 on Endurance Properties.Current edition approved Jan. 10, 2002. Published April 2002. Originallypublished as D 4873 88. Last previous edition D 4873 01.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vols 07.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standar
16、ds, Vol 04.09.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.outer wrap when no packaging is required, or on the inside ofthe core. Roll identification should include, at minimum, thename of the manufacturer or supplier, product or
17、style number,and the unique roll number. Identification should also includethe width and length of the geosynthetic roll. Any other uniquecharacteristics should be clearly identified. For rolls with noidentification on the inside of the core, once the roll isunwrapped or samples taken, labels on the
18、 outer wrap or theroll packaging should be removed and placed inside the roll fortraceability. All designations should be readable for clearidentification.NOTE 1Rolls bundled or strapped as a single unit could be regardedas a single roll for identification purposes provided all the rolls remain asa
19、single unit received by the end user.5.2 Receiving and Storing at the Job Site:5.2.1 While unloading or transferring the geosynthetic fromone location to another, prevent damage to the wrapping and tothe geosynthetic itself. If practicable, use fork lift trucks fittedwith poles that can be inserted
20、into the cores of rolls. Be surethat the poles are at least two thirds the length of the rolls toavoid breaking the cores and possibly damaging the geosyn-thetic. Slings may be used to carry relatively rigid rolls ofgeosynthetics, such as geonets or geomembranes, provided thatthe slings do not cause
21、 damage to the rolls. Do not drag therolls as damage may result.5.2.2 Geosynthetics, when possible, should be stored whileelevated off of the ground and covered to ensure adequateprotection from the following:5.2.2.1 Precipitation (becauses geotextile roll goods satura-tion leads to handling difficu
22、lties),5.2.2.2 Ultraviolet radiation,5.2.2.3 Undesirable chemicals for any extended period oftime,5.2.2.4 Flames, including welding sparks,5.2.2.5 Temperatures in excess of 71C (160F) and below0C (32F) (see Note 2), and5.2.2.6 Any other environmental condition that may damagethe physical property va
23、lues of the geosynthetic.NOTE 2Geotextiles may contain enough moisture to cause them tostiffen when frozen which interferes with placement.5.3 On-Site Handling:5.3.1 While transferring geosynthetics from one location toanother, prevent damage to the wrapping and to the geosyn-thetic itself. Follow t
24、he cautions specified in 5.2.1.5.3.2 Before unrolling a roll of geosynthetic at the job site,verify its identification. While unrolling the geosynthetic,inspect it for damage or defects.5.3.3 Follow all applicable site or project specifications andmanufacturers recommendations for handling and insta
25、llationof geosynthetics.5.3.4 Correct any damage that occurs during storage orinstallation as directed by the project specifications and theengineer in charge of installation.5.4 Sample Identification:5.4.1 If samples are to be taken at job site follow removal ofwrap and identification of roll accor
26、ding to 5.1.3. Outer layerof geosynthetic should be removed before sample is takenfollowing sampling procedures as prescribed in PracticeD 4354. Cut sample according to specified test method(s).5.4.2 Identify each sample with a durable, gummed label, orequivalent including at a minimum, the sample d
27、esignation, thename of the manufacturer or supplier, product or style number,the lot number and/or roll number, location sampled or projectname or project identification number, sampled by, and datesampled. If third party is responsible for sampling, include withthe name, the address and telephone n
28、umber.5.4.3 Sample should be suitably packaged for shipping toprevent distortion. Sample should be packaged in suitablewrapping material for protection from damage due to shipping,water, sunlight, or contaminants.6. Keywords6.1 geosynthetics; identification; labeling; quality assur-ance; storageASTM
29、 International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are ent
30、irely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsan
31、d should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee o
32、n Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 48732
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