1、Designation: D5026 06 (Reapproved 2014)1Standard Test Method forPlastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Tension1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5026; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、 of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEReapproved with an editorial change made to 10.1 in October 2014.1. Scope*1.1 This test method outlines the use of dynami
3、c mechanicalinstrumentation for gathering and reporting the viscoelasticproperties of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins and com-posite systems in the form of rectangular specimens moldeddirectly or cut from sheets, plates, or molded shapes. Thetensile data generated may be used to identify the
4、thermome-chanical properties of a plastic material or composition using avariety of dynamic mechanical instruments.1.2 This test method is intended to provide a means fordetermining viscoelastic properties of a wide variety of plasticmaterials using nonresonant forced-vibration techniques, inaccorda
5、nce with Practice D4065. Plots of the elastic (storage)modulus; loss (viscous) modulus; complex modulus and tandelta as a function of frequency, time, or temperature areindicative of significant transitions in the thermomechanicalperformance of the polymeric material system.1.3 This test method is v
6、alid for a wide range of frequencies,typically from 0.01 to 100 Hz.1.4 Apparent discrepancies may arise in results obtainedunder differing experimental conditions. These apparent differ-ences from results observed in another study can usually bereconciled, without changing the observed data, by repo
7、rting infull (as described in this test method) the conditions underwhich the data were obtained.1.5 Due to possible instrumentation compliance, the datagenerated are intended to indicate relative and not necessarilyabsolute property values.1.6 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and
8、appropriate for use in engineering design.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the
9、user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1This test method is technically equivalent to ISO 6721, Part 4.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics
10、for TestingD4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-alsD4065 Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Proper-ties: Determination and Report of ProceduresD4092 Terminology for Plastics: Dynamic MechanicalPropertiesIEEE/ASTM SI-10 Practice for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units
11、(SI) (the Modernized Metric System)2.2 ISO Standard:3ISO 6721, Part 4 PlasticsDetermination of Dynamic Me-chanical Properties, Part 4: Tensile VibrationNon-Resonance Method3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions applicable to this testmethod refer to Terminology D4092.4. Summary of Test Method4
12、.1 This test method covers the determination of the vis-coelastic properties of a plastic material using dynamic me-chanical techniques in tension. A test specimen of rectangularcross section is tested in dynamic tension. The specimen isgripped longitudinally between two clamps. The specimen isplace
13、d in mechanical linear tensile displacement at fixedfrequencies and at either isothermal conditions or with a linear1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.Current edition approved O
14、ct. 1, 2014. Published October 2014. Originallyapproved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5026 - 06. DOI:10.1520/D5026-06R14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards vo
15、lume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM Internation
16、al, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1temperature variation. The elastic moduli or loss moduli, orboth, of the polymeric material system are measured in tension.NOTE 2The particular method for measurement of the elastic and lossmoduli and tan delta d
17、epends upon the individual instruments operatingprinciples.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method provides a simple means of character-izing the thermomechanical behavior of plastic materials usingvery small amounts of material. The data obtained may be usedfor quality control, research and dev
18、elopment, as well as theestablishment of optimum processing conditions.5.2 Dynamic mechanical testing provides a sensitivemethod for determining thermomechanical characteristics bymeasuring the elastic and loss moduli as a function offrequency, temperature, or time. Plots of moduli and tan deltaof a
19、 material versus these variables can be used to providegraphical representation indicative of functional properties,effectiveness of cure (thermosetting resin system), and damp-ing behavior under specified conditions.5.3 This test method can be used to assess:5.3.1 Modulus as a function of temperatu
20、re,5.3.2 Modulus as a function of frequency,5.3.3 The effects of processing treatment, includingorientation,5.3.4 Relative resin behavioral properties, including cureand damping,5.3.5 The effects of substrate types and orientation (fabri-cation) on elastic modulus, and5.3.6 The effects of formulatio
21、n additives which mightaffect processability or performance.5.4 Before proceeding with this test method, referenceshould be made to the specification of the material being tested.Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, ortesting parameters, or combination thereof, covered in therele
22、vant ASTM materials specification shall take precedenceover those mentioned in this test method. If there are norelevant ASTM material specifications, then the default condi-tions apply.6. Interferences6.1 Since small test specimen geometries are used, it isessential that the specimens be representa
23、tive of the polymericmaterial being tested.7. Apparatus7.1 The function of the apparatus is to hold a rectangulartest specimen of a polymeric material system so that thematerial acts as the elastic and dissipative element in amechanically driven linear displacement system. Dynamicmechanical instrume
24、nts described in this test method generallyoperate in a forced, constant amplitude, at a fixed frequency.7.2 The apparatus shall consist of the following:7.2.1 Fixed MemberA fixed or essentially stationarymember carrying one grip.7.2.2 Movable MemberA movable member carrying asecond grip.7.2.3 Grips
25、Grips for holding the test specimen betweenthe fixed member and the movable member. The grips shall bemechanically aligned, that is, they shall be attached to the fixedand movable member, respectively, in such a manner that theywill move freely into alignment as soon as any load is applied,so that t
26、he long axis of the test specimen will coincide with thedirection of the applied pull through the center line of the gripassembly.7.2.3.1 The test specimen shall be held in such a way thatslippage relative to the grips is prevented as much as possible.7.2.4 Linear Deformation (Strain) DeviceA device
27、 forapplying a continuous linear deformation (strain) to the speci-men. In the force-displacement device the deformation (strain)is applied and then released (see Table 1 of Practice D4065).7.2.5 DetectorsA device or devices for determining de-pendent and independent experimental parameters, such as
28、force (stress), deformation (strain), frequency, and temperature.Temperature should be measurable with a precision of 61C,frequency to 61 %, strain to 61 %, and force to 61%.7.2.6 Temperature Controller and OvenA device for con-trolling the temperature, either by heating (in steps or ramps),cooling
29、(in steps or ramps) or maintaining a constant specimenenvironment, or a combination thereof. A temperature control-ler should be sufficiently stable to permit measurement ofenvironmental chamber temperature to within 1C.7.3 Nitrogen, or other inert gas supply, for purging purposes,if appropriate.8.
30、Test Specimens8.1 The test specimens may be cut from sheets, plates, ormolded shapes, or may be molded to the desired finisheddimensions. Any rectangular specimen (representative of thematerial being tested and within the fixturing capabilities of thetest equipment) may be used as long as it is clea
31、rly describedin the test report.9. Calibration9.1 Calibrate the instrument using procedures recommendedby the manufacturer.10. Conditioning10.1 Condition the test specimens at 23.0 6 2.0C(73.4 6 3.6F) and 50 6 10 % relative humidity for not fewerthan 40 h prior to test in accordance with Procedure A
32、 ofPractice D618 unless otherwise specified by contract or rel-evant ASTM material specification.11. Procedure11.1 Use an untested specimen for each measurement.Measure the width and thickness of the specimen to the nearest0.03 mm (0.001 in.) at the center of the specimen.11.2 Clamp the test specime
33、n between the movable andstationary members; use shim stock, if necessary, to minimizeslippage within the clamp.11.3 Pre-load the test specimen so that there is a positiveforce. Monitor the normal force to ensure adequate pre-loading.D5026 06 (2014)1211.4 Measure to the nearest 0.03 mm (0.001 in.) t
34、he jawseparation between the movable and stationary members.11.5 Select the desired frequency (or frequencies) for dy-namic linear displacement.11.6 Select the linear-displacement amplitude within thelinear elastic region of the material being tested. If the linearelastic region is not known, perfor
35、m a strain sweep at ambienttemperature to determine an appropriate amplitude.11.7 Temperature Sweep:11.7.1 Temperature increases should be controlled to 1 to2C for linear increases and 2 to 5C/min with a minimum of1-min thermal-soak time for step increases.11.7.2 The tan delta peak shall coincide wi
36、th the dramaticchange in modulus through the glass transition region.12. Calculation12.1 The equations listed in Practice D4065 are used tocalculate the following important rheological properties mea-sured in forced, nonresonant dynamic displacement:12.1.1 Storage (elastic) modulus in tension, E,12.
37、1.2 Loss (viscous) modulus in tension, E“,12.1.3 Complex modulus in tension, E*, and12.1.4 Tan delta, d*.13. Report13.1 Report the following information:13.1.1 Complete identification of the material tested, includ-ing type, source, manufacturers code, number, form, principaldimensions and previous
38、processing, or thermal history, orboth, if available,13.1.2 Description and direction of cutting and loadingspecimen, including preload force,13.1.3 Conditioning procedure,13.1.4 Description of the instrument used for the test,13.1.5 Description of the calibration procedure,13.1.6 Identification of
39、the sample atmosphere by gascomposition, purity, and rate used, if appropriate,13.1.7 Width and thickness of specimen,13.1.8 Jaw separation distance,13.1.9 Frequency of dynamic displacement,13.1.10 Amplitude of displacement,13.1.11 Thermal history, if applicable,13.1.12 Number of specimens tested,13
40、.1.13 Table of data and results, including moduli and tandelta as a function of temperature, frequency, strain, or time (asappropriate), and13.1.14 A plot of the modulus (moduli) and tan delta as afunction of temperature (see Fig. 1), frequency, strain, or time(as appropriate).14. Precision and Bias
41、14.1 The precision and bias of this test method are underinvestigation by a task group of Section D20.10.15. Anyonewishing to participate in this work may contact the Chairman,Section D20.10.15, ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, WestConshohocken, PA 1942815. Keywords15.1 dynamic mechanical rheological pr
42、operties; elastic;linear displacement; loss; storage modulus; tan delta; tension;viscoelastic behaviorFIG. 1 Dynamic Mechanical Properties in Tension (at DifferentFrequencies)D5026 06 (2014)13SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee D20 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the l
43、ast issue (D5026 - 06)that may impact the use of this standard. (October 1, 2014)(1) Editorially revised 10.1.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised
44、 that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either rea
45、pproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If yo
46、u feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual
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