ASTM D5121-2006 Standard Practice for Preparation of Rock Slabs for Durability Testing《预制岩石板层耐久性试验的标准实施规程》.pdf

1、Designation: D 5121 06Standard Practice forPreparation of Rock Slabs for Durability Testing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5121; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A nu

2、mber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This practice covers the preparation of rock slabs forvarious tests used to evaluate any visual internal defects, or thedurability of r

3、ock by means of laboratory tests. These testsinclude, but are not limited to, Test Methods D 5240, D 5312,and D 5313.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses arefor information only.1.3 All observed and measured values shall

4、conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D 6026.1.4 This practice offers a set of instructions for performingone or more specific operations. This document cannot replaceeducation or experience and should be used in conjunctionwith professional judgment. No

5、t all aspects of this practice maybe applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is notintended to represent or replace the standard of care by whichthe adequacy of a given professional service must be judged,nor should this document be applied without consideration ofa projects many unique

6、aspects. The word “Standard” in thetitle of this document means only that the document has beenapproved through the ASTM consensus process.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establis

7、h appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. For a specific hazards statement, seeSection 7.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and ContainedFluidsD 4992 Practice for Evaluation of Roc

8、k to be Used forErosion ControlD 5240 Test Method for Testing Rock Slabs to EvaluateSoundness of Riprap by Use of Sodium Sulfate or Mag-nesium SulfateD 5312 Test Method for Evaluation of Durability of Rockfor Erosion Control Under Freezing and Thawing Condi-tionsD 5313 Test Method for Evaluation of

9、Durability of Rockfor Erosion Control Under Wetting and Drying ConditionsD 6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechni-cal Data3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe definitions of terms used in this prac-tice shall be in accordance with Terminology D 653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to T

10、his Standard:3.2.1 slab, na section of rock having two smooth, ap-proximately parallel faces, produced by two saw cuts. Thethickness of the slab is generally less than the other dimensionsof the rock. The slab will be the specimen of a rock which willsubsequently undergo durability tests.3.2.2 slice

11、, nin rock testing, the smooth surface of rockpiece produced by the cutting of the rock by a saw.3.2.3 rocksaw, na saw capable of cutting rock. The term“saw” shall include the blade, framework on which the blade ismounted, and the motor.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice is used to prepare spe

12、cimens to evaluateany internal defects, such as cracks, that may not be apparenton the surfaces of broken blocks of rock. Such evaluation canalso aid in the selection and location of slabs for testing asoutlined in Practice D 4992. In some cases, the need for furthertesting or evaluation may be elim

13、inated.4.2 The sawing of rock samples will reduce them to asuitable size for testing and, in many cases, preserve the naturalstructure of the internal defects so the samples can be evaluatedby the various durability tests.4.3 Durability tests specimens should be 64 6 6mm2.560.25 in) thick normal to

14、bedding or any potential planes ofweakness which may be observed in the samples. In no casewill the size of the slab be less than 125 mm (5 in.) on a side,excluding the thickness Ideally, a test specimen size equal to1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and

15、is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.17 on Rock for ErosionControl.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2006. Published January 2007. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 512190(2001).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orc

16、ontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, W

17、est Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.the proposed design size would provide the ultimate incorrelation between laboratory tests and actual field perfor-mance. However, in most cases, this is neither practical noreconomically feasible.5. Apparatus5.1 RocksawFor most tests, a minimum blade d

18、iameter of36 cm (14 in.) will be needed to obtain the slab sizes requiredfor most durability tests (a larger one is preferable). The bladeshall be a circular diamond blade. The size of the slab that canbe obtained by sawing is limited by the blade-stabilizingflanges. Table 1 gives the approximate bl

19、ade diameter and slabheight relationships for saws typically used.5.1.1 The saw shall have a vise to hold the specimens, inaddition to an automatic feed (either gravity operated, hydrau-lic, or screwfed). A table saw with a removable vise is alsoacceptable. The saw shall have a platform to prevent t

20、he cutslab from falling and shattering. Any laboratory diamond sawused to cut geological and concrete specimens, or any diamondsaw used for lapidary purposes, shall be acceptable.5.2 CameraIt is preferable to take pictures of the sawedrock before and after slabbing.6. Materials6.1 CoolantWater shall

21、 be used as a coolant. Lubricantsother than water may interfere with subsequent testing orevaluation, or both.7. Hazards7.1 Circular diamond saw blades do not have sharp protrud-ing teeth that wood-cutting blades have, and as such are notinherently as dangerous as blades with teeth. However, theirus

22、e does require care, safe handling procedures, and propersafety equipment.8. Procedure8.1 Choose individual rock samples for testing that arerepresentative of the total rock mass, as noted in PracticeD 4992. The sample shall be of a size to fit within the vise ofthe saw without further mechanical re

23、duction of size.8.2 Clamp the rock sample in the vise, or hand-hold it on thesaw table. Saw the rock sample perpendicular to the bedding orbanded texture of the rock, unless another orientation isspecified for the saw cut. Cut the sample in a single passbetween the midpoint of the rock and one-third

24、 of the distancefrom its edge. Make the cut either by: (1) automatically feedingthe sample within the vise through the blade, or (2) hand-holding and hand-feeding soft rocks through the blade. Theautomatic feed is preferable. In either case, saw the rock tominimize breakage which can result from int

25、ernal cracks,features of weakness, or the sawing operation. Care shall betaken to produce a cut as smooth as possible.8.3 Remove the rock from the saw after each cut is made.Wash and examine the slice. If desired, make a second cut atsome distance from the first one in the same manner. Visualexamina

26、tion may indicate some slabs are unsuitable for testingdue to breakage during or after slabbing, or for some otherreason; discard these slabs. The thickness of any slab producedfrom two cuts shall be determined by the type of durability testfor which the slab is sawed.9. Report9.1 Report the followi

27、ng information:9.1.1 Identification number,9.1.2 Sample location,9.1.3 Rock type (formational name is optional),9.1.4 The number of trials needed to obtain the number oftest slabs requested from each sample,9.1.5 Textures, defects, or other information that may affectthe durability testing of the ro

28、ck,9.1.6 Mass of the rock slab,9.1.7 A photograph of the sample prior to the slabbing, witha dimensional scale, and9.1.8 A photograph of the slice with a dimensional scale,preferably in color.10. Keywords10.1 defects; diamond saw blade; durability; rocksaw; slabsSUMMARY OF CHANGESIn accordance with

29、Committee D18 policy, this section identifies the location of changes to this standard sincethe 1990 (Reapproved 2001) edition that may impact the use of this standard.(1) Deleted the following Note since test procedures toevaluate the durability of rock have been developed and arereferenced: NOTE 1

30、 Tests for evaluating the durability ofrock for erosion control uses are presently under developmentby ASTM Committee D-18.(2) Included a statement of use of SI units.(3) Inserted the stand caveat for a Practice.(4) Added references Test Methods D 5240, D 5312, D 5313,and D 6026 in the Referenced Do

31、cuments.(5) Deleted the following Note since test procedures toevaluate the durability of rock have been developed and arereferenced: NOTE 2 Many of the testing procedures used toevaluate the durability of rock for erosion control projects arebased on tests used to evaluate concrete or road aggregat

32、e.TABLE 1 Approximate Blade Diameter and Slab HeightRelationshipBlade Diameter, Nominal, in. Slab Height, Nominal, in.14 518 724 9D5121062These tests utilize specimens roughly equivalent to the size andmass of a 1-in. maximum particle size piece of concreteaggregate. These specimens are usually obta

33、ined by crushing,breaking with a hammer, or by other percussive means. Thissize reduction process may eliminate any internal defects orplanes of weakness. Therefore, the small specimen finallytested may not truly represent the actual behavior of the largerrock mass containing these defects that will

34、 be used at theconstruction site.(6) Deleted the following note since the specimen sizes arenow defined in the durability test methods: NOTE 3 As thevarious rock durability test methods are developed, a tablelisting the slab size required for each test will be included in asubsequent revision of thi

35、s practice.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such

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37、nal standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the A

38、STM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D5121063