1、Designation: D5253 04 (Reapproved 2010)1Standard Terminology Relating toFloor Coverings and Textile Upholstered Furniture1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5253; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, th
2、e year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTESection 2 was updated editorially in September 2010.1. Scope1.1 This standard is a compilation of all terminology d
3、evel-oped by Subcommittee D13.62 on Labeling and related torefurbishing or care of floor coverings and textile upholsteredfurniture, excluding leather. These items cannot be refurbishedby the laundering and dry cleaning methods used for appareland other domestic textile products.1.2 This document de
4、fines terms for the care of textile floorcoverings and textile upholstered furniture. The exact careinstructions and sequence of procedures are to be determinedby the manufacturer.1.3 The recommended terminology covers common mean-ings used by both textile technologists and consumers.1.4 This termin
5、ology is not applicable to unattached fabrics,such as slipcovers, used for covering furniture.1.5 When care labels are provided, a standardized terminol-ogy in a logical sequence facilitates the maximum disclosure ofessential information in small label space and assists under-standing of recommended
6、 care practices by the consumer.1.6 The use of either a permanent or a nonattached careinstruction should not preclude the use of the alternative as anadditional source of information to the consumer.1.7 The term “only” in any label term limits the procedureto the stated instruction.1.8 This termino
7、logy is unique to the care of textile floorcoverings and upholstered furniture. Meanings of the sameterms outside the industry can be found in other compilationsor dictionaries of general usage.1.9 In addition to being a specialized dictionary, Terminol-ogy D5253 is also useful for managing the subc
8、ommitteesterminology.1.10 Terms listed are under the jurisdiction of SC D13.62.1.11 For definitions of refurbishing or care terms for ap-parel, textile, home furnishing, and leather products cleaned bylaundering or dry cleaning methods, see Terminology D3136.1.12 For definitions of other textile ter
9、ms, see TerminologyD123.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD3136 Terminology Relating to Care Labeling for Apparel,Textile, Home Furnishing, and Leather ProductsD3938 Guide for Determining or Confirming Care Instruc-tions for Apparel and Other Textile Pro
10、ductsD5489 Guide for Care Symbols for Care Instructions onTextile ProductsD6322 Guide to International Test MethodsAssociated withTextile Care Procedures2.2 Other Document:16 CFR, Part 423, As Amended Effective September 1,2000 Federal Trade Commission Amendment to TradeRegulation Rule Concerning Ca
11、re Labeling of TextileWearing Apparel, and Certain Piece Goods33. Terminologyabsorbent compound, nin textile cleaning, sponge-likeparticles which, when saturated with water or dry solventand detergent and brushed into the textile, remove soil fromthe textile. See powder cleaner.DISCUSSIONNaturally a
12、bsorbent granules such as fullers earth andwood flour or synthetic granules are commonly used.absorbent pad, nfor cleaning textile floor coverings, a damptextile material (fabric, felt, sponge, or mop) used to agitateand wipe the pile and, in the process, absorb soil.bonnet, nin cleaning pile floor
13、coverings, an absorbent padwhich can be mounted under a rotary shampoo machine.brush, na hand-held cleaning tool consisting of a base intowhich bristles are inserted.DISCUSSIONBristles may vary in material, length, density of cover-age, stiffness, and type to suit various types of textiles.brush, vi
14、n refurbishing textiles, (1) to use a brush to remove1This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.62 on Labeling.Current edition approved June 1, 2010. Published September 2010. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previ
15、ous edition approved in 2008 as D5253 04(2008).DOI: 10.1520/D5253-04R10E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe
16、 ASTM website.3Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.surface particulate soils, (2) wor
17、k a cleaning solution or spotcleaning agent into carpet pile or upholstery fabric, or (3)restore the appearance of pile fabrics.carpet shampoo, nSee shampoo.carpet sweep, vremove loose soil particles and lint from thetextile floor covering surface using a carpet sweeper.chemical wash, nin rug cleani
18、ng, a specialized professionalprocess used on oriental rugs.cylindrical wet-scrub extraction, na carpet cleaningmethod in which (1) a cleaning agent is sprayed onto thecarpet, and (2) soil and cleaning agents are removed by amachine which feeds water into two counter-rotatingbrushes.dry, vin in-plan
19、t textile floor covering cleaning, suspendtextile floor covering in a heated room until dry.dry cleaning, nin textile floor covering cleaning, a depre-cated term. See the preferred term, dry extraction cleaning.dry extraction clean, vin cleaning upholstered furnitureand textile floor coverings, brus
20、h an absorbent compoundinto the fabric, allow to dry, and remove by suction,following manufacturers instructions.DISCUSSIONSponge-like particles absorb the soil from the yarns.The soil-laden particles are removed by suction from the carpet. (Syn.powder cleaning.)dry foam extraction cleaning, na proc
21、ess by which a highlyaerated, low moisture content shampoo is brushed throughthe textile floor covering pile or applied to the surface ofupholstery.DISCUSSIONThe foam holds the soil in suspension and is simulta-neously removed by a cylindrical brush machine incorporating abuilt-in suction recovery s
22、ystem or hand-held wet sponges.dry solvent, nany organic solvent used to dissolve anothermaterial. See solvent.extraction cleaning, na general term for a number ofrefurbishing methods in which the cleaning agent is deliv-ered onto the textile product, agitated, and simultaneouslyremoved by suction.e
23、xtraction cleaning, dry foam, nSee dry foam extractioncleaning.extraction cleaning, hot water, nSee hot water extractioncleaning.extraction cleaning, rotary, nSee rotary extraction clean-ing.extraction cleaning, steam, na deprecated term since nosteam is used. See the preferred term, hot water extra
24、ctioncleaning.foam, nin cleaning textiles, a frothy mass of fine bubblesgenerated by whipping or agitating a shampoo.DISCUSSIONArotary brush shampooing machine normally producesa foam as the brushes rotate over the carpet pile. Cleaning agents whichdispense a foam from aerosol cans can be purchased.
25、foam clean, vuse a prepared foam to clean.foam cleaning, na process in which a prepared foam isapplied to a textile product, scrubbed in, allowed to dry, andthe encapsulated soil is removed by suction.hot waterextraction cleaning, na process in which a heatedsolution of detergent is sprayed into the
26、 textile material andimmediately removed by a wet suction nozzle behind thespray-head.in-plant cleaning, nfor textile floor coverings, cleaningprocess performed in a facility away from the location wherethe product is used.on-location cleaning, nfor textile floor coverings and up-holstered furniture
27、 a cleaning process performed in thelocation where a product is used.“P”a letter code. See upholstery cleaning instructions.pad clean, vclean using an absorbent pad.pilate, va deprecated term. See the preferred term, pile lift.pile lift, vraise the pile on a textile floor covering.DISCUSSIONThe pil
28、e of textile floor coverings is raised to an erectposition to loosen embedded soil so that it can be more readilyremoved. Pile may be lifted by a vacuum cleaner having rotatingbrushes, by a manually manipulated toothed tool, or by a powered pilelifter.pile lofting, nSee the preferred term, pile lift
29、powder cleaner, na cleaning agent in which an absorbentcompound is the principal ingredient. See absorbent com-pound.powder cleaning, nSee the preferred term, dry extractioncleaning.prespot, nSee pretreat.pretreat, vin the cleaning of textile floor coverings andupholstered furniture, apply a cleani
30、ng agent to spots, stains,and areas of high soil concentration prior to overall cleaningto maximize activation time and facilitate soil removal.remove loose soil, vsubject textile to agitation, impact, andsuction to remove dust and particulate soil.rotary extraction cleaning, na cleaning procedure w
31、hichuses a rotating brush machine or a series of rotating jetsthrough which shampoo is fed or sprayed into the carpet pileand simultaneously removed by suction.rotary shampoo, vclean using a brush or bonnet-typemachine to impregnate the textile floor covering with afoam. After drying, vacuum loosene
32、d soil. See also rotaryextraction cleaning.DISCUSSIONSome machines extract the soiled solution immediately.If not extracted, after the carpet has dried it must be cleaned by suctionto remove loosened soil.routine maintenance, nin textile cleaning, superficial dailyor weekly cleaning to remove partic
33、ulate soil and dust.“S”a letter code. See upholstery cleaning instructions.shampoo, nin the cleaning of textile floor coverings andupholstered furniture, a solution of detergent in waterformulated for specialized cleaning tasks.shampoo, vin the cleaning of textile floor coverings, use acleaning mach
34、ine which applies detergent solution, brushesit in, rinses, and extracts as much water as possible.solvent, nany liquid used to dissolve another material.DISCUSSIONWater is the most commonly used solvent, and in textilecleaning its use is commonly referred to as “cleaning on the wet side.”D5253 04 (
35、2010)12So-called “dry” cleaning solvents may be any of various combustiblehydrocarbons or noncombustible chlorinated hydrocarbons, such asperchloroethylene, which are primarily used to dissolve oily, greasy,and waxy soils.sour, vin refurbishing textiles, to neutralize the alkalinity ofa material aft
36、er cleaning by using a weak acid such as aceticacid or an acid-forming salt.spot clean, vin the cleaning of textile floor coverings andupholstered furniture, remove localized spots and stains bytreating them with cleaning agents and mechanical actionsspecific to the fiber, fabric, and product type a
37、nd the foreignmaterial present.DISCUSSIONSee manufacturers letter code for upholstery fabrics.steam cleaning, na deprecated term since no steam is used.Use the preferred term, hot water extraction cleaning.steam extraction cleaning, na deprecated term since nosteam is used. Use the preferred term, h
38、ot water extractioncleaning.upholstery cleaning instructions, nany of the various lettercodes supplied by the fabric manufacturer to provide accept-able cleaning methods.DISCUSSIONThe following codes are intended to be used withdetailed instructions (see Table 1) included on the label:“S”clean with
39、dry solvent cleaner only. Do not saturate. Donot use water or solutions containing water. Pile fabrics mayrequire brushing to restore appearance. Cushion coversshould not be removed and dry cleaned.“W”clean only with water-based shampoo or foam uphol-stery cleaner. Do not saturate with the liquid. D
40、o not use drysolvents to spot or clean. Pile fabrics may require brushing torestore appearance. Cushion covers should not be removedand laundered.“WS”clean with shampoo, foam, or dry cleaning solvents asdesired. Do not saturate with any the liquid. Pile fabrics mayrequire brushing to restore appeara
41、nce. Cushion coversshould not be removed and laundered or dry cleaned.“X”do not clean with either water cleaner or solvent-basedcleaner. Use a vacuum cleaner or light brush only.“P”professionally clean only, an alternate to the “S” drycleaning term although not in customary usage.vacuum clean, vtto
42、remove loose particulate soil, lint, andembedded soil by suction using an electrically poweredmachine.“W”a letter code. See upholstery cleaning instructions.wipe, vin upholstery cleaning, clean face-coated upholsteryfabrics by removing surface soil with a sponge or clothwetted with a mild detergent,
43、 soap solution, or coated fabriccleaner formulated for the purpose. Do not use dry solventcleaner.“WS”a letter code. See upholstery cleaning instructions.“X”a letter code. See upholstery cleaning instructions.4. Keywords4.1 care; floor covering; refurbishing; terminology; uphol-stered furnitureTABLE
44、 1 Care Terms for Refurbishing Textile UpholsteredFurnitureLabel Term InstructionsRoutine RefurbishingBrush Use a hand-held brush to remove surfaceparticulate soils. May also be used to restore theappearance of pile fabrics.Spot clean Remove localized spots and stains by treatingthem with cleaning a
45、gents and mechanicalactions specific to the fiber, fabric, and producttype and foreign material present. Note: Seemanufacturers letter code for upholstery fabrics.Note: See manufacturers letter code forupholstery fabrics.Vacuum clean(D4852)Remove loose particulate soil, lint, and embeddedsoil by suc
46、tion using an electrically poweredmachine.Wipe Clean face-coated upholstery fabrics by removingsurface soil with a sponge or cloth wetted with amild detergent or soap solution or coated fabriccleaner formulated for the purpose. Do not usedry solvent cleaner.Overall Cleaning of Upholstery FabricsS Cl
47、ean with a dry solvent cleaner only. Do notsaturate. Do not use water or solutionscontaining water. Pile fabrics may requirebrushing to restore appearance. Cushion coversshould not be removed and dry cleaned.W Clean only with water-based shampoo or foamupholstery cleaner. Do not saturate with theliq
48、uid. Do not use dry solvents to spot or clean.Pile fabrics may require brushing to restoreappearance. Cushion covers should not beremoved and laundered.WS Clean with shampoo, foam, or dry cleaningsolvents as desired. Do not saturate with any theliquid. Pile fabrics may require brushing torestore app
49、earance. Cushion covers should notbe removed and laundered or dry cleaned.X Do not clean with either water cleaner or solvent-based cleaner. Use a vacuum cleaner or lightbrushing only.Dry extraction clean Brush an absorbent compound into the fabric, allowto dry, and remove by suction, followingmanufacturers instructions.Overall Cleaning of Coated FabricsWipe Clean face-coated upholstery fabrics by removingsurface soil with a sponge or cloth wetted with amild detergent, soap solution, or coated fabriccleaner
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