1、Designation: D5253 04 (Reapproved 2016)Standard Terminology Relating toFloor Coverings and Textile Upholstered Furniture1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5253; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、 year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard is a compilation of all terminology devel-oped by Subcommittee D13.62 on Labeling and related t
3、orefurbishing or care of floor coverings and textile upholsteredfurniture, excluding leather. These items cannot be refurbishedby the laundering and dry cleaning methods used for appareland other domestic textile products.1.2 This document defines terms for the care of textile floorcoverings and tex
4、tile upholstered furniture. The exact careinstructions and sequence of procedures are to be determinedby the manufacturer.1.3 The recommended terminology covers common mean-ings used by both textile technologists and consumers.1.4 This terminology is not applicable to unattached fabrics,such as slip
5、covers, used for covering furniture.1.5 When care labels are provided, a standardized terminol-ogy in a logical sequence facilitates the maximum disclosure ofessential information in small label space and assists under-standing of recommended care practices by the consumer.1.6 The use of either a pe
6、rmanent or a nonattached careinstruction should not preclude the use of the alternative as anadditional source of information to the consumer.1.7 The term “only” in any label term limits the procedureto the stated instruction.1.8 This terminology is unique to the care of textile floorcoverings and u
7、pholstered furniture. Meanings of the sameterms outside the industry can be found in other compilationsor dictionaries of general usage.1.9 In addition to being a specialized dictionary, Terminol-ogy D5253 is also useful for managing the subcommitteesterminology.1.10 Terms listed are under the juris
8、diction of SC D13.62.1.11 For definitions of refurbishing or care terms forapparel, textile, home furnishing, and leather products cleanedby laundering or dry cleaning methods, see TerminologyD3136.1.12 For definitions of other textile terms, see TerminologyD123.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Stand
9、ards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD3136 Terminology Relating to Care Labeling for Apparel,Textile, Home Furnishing, and Leather ProductsD3938 Guide for Determining or Confirming Care Instruc-tions for Apparel and Other Textile ProductsD5489 Guide for Care Symbols for Care Instructions onTex
10、tile ProductsD6322 Guide to International Test Methods Associated withTextile Care ProceduresD6719 Guide for Test Methods and Practices for EvaluatingPile Yarn Floor CoveringD6859 Test Method for Pile Thickness of Finished LevelPile Yarn Floor CoveringsD6962 Practice for Operation of a Roller Chair
11、Tester forPile Yarn Floor CoveringsD7241 Test Method for Pile Thickness of Finished Multi-level Pile Yarn Floor CoveringD7267 Test Method for Edge Ravel Resistance of FinishedLoop Pile, Pile Yarn Floor CoveringD7330 Test Method for Assessment of Surface AppearanceChange in Pile Floor Coverings Using
12、 Standard ReferenceScalesD7570 Test Method for Evaluation of Dimensional Stabilityof Pile Yarn Floor Covering2.2 Other Document:16 CFR, Part 423, As Amended Effective September 1,2000 Federal Trade Commission Amendment to TradeRegulation Rule Concerning Care Labeling of TextileWearing Apparel, and C
13、ertain Piece Goods33. Terminologyabsorbent compound, nin textile cleaning, sponge-likeparticles which, when saturated with water or dry solvent1This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.62 on Labeling.Current editi
14、on approved Feb. 15, 2016. Published March 2016. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D5253 04(2010)1.DOI: 10.1520/D5253-04R16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of
15、 ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700
16、, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1and detergent and brushed into the textile, remove soil fromthe textile. See powder cleaner.DISCUSSIONNaturally absorbent granules such as fullers earth andwood flour or synthetic granules are commonly used.absorbent pad, nfor cleaning textile floor
17、coverings, a damptextile material (fabric, felt, sponge, or mop) used to agitateand wipe the pile and, in the process, absorb soil.bonnet, nin cleaning pile floor coverings, an absorbent padwhich can be mounted under a rotary shampoo machine.brush, na hand-held cleaning tool consisting of a base int
18、owhich bristles are inserted.DISCUSSIONBristles may vary in material, length, density ofcoverage, stiffness, and type to suit various types of textiles.brush, vin refurbishing textiles, (1) to use a brush to removesurface particulate soils, (2) work a cleaning solution or spotcleaning agent into car
19、pet pile or upholstery fabric, or (3)restore the appearance of pile fabrics.carpet shampoo, nSee shampoo.carpet sweep, vremove loose soil particles and lint from thetextile floor covering surface using a carpet sweeper.chemical wash, nin rug cleaning, a specialized professionalprocess used on orient
20、al rugs.cylindrical wet-scrub extraction, na carpet cleaningmethod in which (1) a cleaning agent is sprayed onto thecarpet, and (2) soil and cleaning agents are removed by amachine which feeds water into two counter-rotatingbrushes.dry, vin in-plant textile floor covering cleaning, suspendtextile fl
21、oor covering in a heated room until dry.dry cleaning, n in textile floor covering cleaning, a depre-cated term. See the preferred term, dry extraction cleaning.dry extraction clean, vin cleaning upholstered furniture andtextile floor coverings, brush an absorbent compound intothe fabric, allow to dr
22、y, and remove by suction, followingmanufacturers instructions.DISCUSSIONSponge-like particles absorb the soil from the yarns.The soil-laden particles are removed by suction from the carpet. (Syn.powder cleaning.)dry foam extraction cleaning, na process by which a highlyaerated, low moisture content
23、shampoo is brushed throughthe textile floor covering pile or applied to the surface ofupholstery.DISCUSSIONThe foam holds the soil in suspension and is simulta-neously removed by a cylindrical brush machine incorporating abuilt-in suction recovery system or hand-held wet sponges.dry solvent, nany or
24、ganic solvent used to dissolve anothermaterial. See solvent.extraction cleaning, na general term for a number ofrefurbishing methods in which the cleaning agent is deliv-ered onto the textile product, agitated, and simultaneouslyremoved by suction.extraction cleaning, dry foam, nSee dry foam extract
25、ioncleaning.extraction cleaning, hot water, nSee hot water extractioncleaning.extraction cleaning, rotary, nSee rotary extraction clean-ing.extraction cleaning, steam, na deprecated term since nosteam is used. See the preferred term, hot water extractioncleaning.foam, nin cleaning textiles, a frothy
26、 mass of fine bubblesgenerated by whipping or agitating a shampoo.DISCUSSIONArotary brush shampooing machine normally producesa foam as the brushes rotate over the carpet pile. Cleaning agents whichdispense a foam from aerosol cans can be purchased.foam clean, vuse a prepared foam to clean.foam clea
27、ning, na process in which a prepared foam isapplied to a textile product, scrubbed in, allowed to dry, andthe encapsulated soil is removed by suction.hot water extraction cleaning, na process in which a heatedsolution of detergent is sprayed into the textile material andimmediately removed by a wet
28、suction nozzle behind thespray-head.in-plant cleaning, nfor textile floor coverings, cleaningprocess performed in a facility away from the location wherethe product is used.on-location cleaning, nfor textile floor coverings and uphol-stered furniture, a cleaning process performed in the locationwher
29、e a product is used.“P”a letter code. See upholstery cleaning instructions.pad clean, vclean using an absorbent pad.pilate, va deprecated term. See the preferred term, pile lift.pile lift, vraise the pile on a textile floor covering.DISCUSSIONThe pile of textile floor coverings is raised to an erect
30、position to loosen embedded soil so that it can be more readilyremoved. Pile may be lifted by a vacuum cleaner having rotatingbrushes, by a manually manipulated toothed tool, or by a powered pilelifter.pile lofting, nSee the preferred term, pile lift.powder cleaner, na cleaning agent in which an abs
31、orbentcompound is the principal ingredient. See absorbent com-pound.powder cleaning, nSee the preferred term, dry extractioncleaning.prespot, nSee pretreat.pretreat, vin the cleaning of textile floor coverings andupholstered furniture, apply a cleaning agent to spots, stains,and areas of high soil c
32、oncentration prior to overall cleaningto maximize activation time and facilitate soil removal.remove loose soil, vsubject textile to agitation, impact, andsuction to remove dust and particulate soil.rotary extraction cleaning, na cleaning procedure whichuses a rotating brush machine or a series of r
33、otating jetsD5253 04 (2016)2through which shampoo is fed or sprayed into the carpet pileand simultaneously removed by suction.rotary shampoo, vclean using a brush or bonnet-typemachine to impregnate the textile floor covering with afoam. After drying, vacuum loosened soil. See also rotaryextraction
34、cleaning.DISCUSSIONSome machines extract the soiled solution immediately.If not extracted, after the carpet has dried it must be cleaned by suctionto remove loosened soil.routine maintenance, nin textile cleaning, superficial dailyor weekly cleaning to remove particulate soil and dust.“S”a letter co
35、de. See upholstery cleaning instructions.shampoo, nin the cleaning of textile floor coverings andupholstered furniture, a solution of detergent in waterformulated for specialized cleaning tasks.shampoo, vin the cleaning of textile floor coverings, use acleaning machine which applies detergent soluti
36、on, brushesit in, rinses, and extracts as much water as possible.solvent, nany liquid used to dissolve another material.DISCUSSIONWater is the most commonly used solvent, and in textilecleaning its use is commonly referred to as “cleaning on the wet side.”So-called “dry” cleaning solvents may be any
37、 of various combustiblehydrocarbons or noncombustible chlorinated hydrocarbons, such asperchloroethylene, which are primarily used to dissolve oily, greasy,and waxy soils.sour, vin refurbishing textiles, to neutralize the alkalinity ofa material after cleaning by using a weak acid such as aceticacid
38、 or an acid-forming salt.spot clean, vin the cleaning of textile floor coverings andupholstered furniture, remove localized spots and stains bytreating them with cleaning agents and mechanical actionsspecific to the fiber, fabric, and product type and the foreignmaterial present.DISCUSSIONSee manufa
39、cturers letter code for upholstery fabrics.steam cleaning, na deprecated term since no steam is used.Use the preferred term, hot water extraction cleaning.steam extraction cleaning, na deprecated term since nosteam is used. Use the preferred term, hot water extractioncleaning.upholstery cleaning ins
40、tructions, nany of the various lettercodes supplied by the fabric manufacturer to provide accept-able cleaning methods.DISCUSSIONThe following codes are intended to be used withdetailed instructions (see Table 1) included on the label:“S”clean with dry solvent cleaner only. Do not saturate. Donot us
41、e water or solutions containing water. Pile fabrics mayrequire brushing to restore appearance. Cushion coversshould not be removed and dry cleaned.“W”clean only with water-based shampoo or foam uphol-stery cleaner. Do not saturate with the liquid. Do not use drysolvents to spot or clean. Pile fabric
42、s may require brushing torestore appearance. Cushion covers should not be removedand laundered.“WS”clean with shampoo, foam, or dry cleaning solvents asdesired. Do not saturate with any the liquid. Pile fabrics mayrequire brushing to restore appearance. Cushion coversshould not be removed and launde
43、red or dry cleaned.“X”do not clean with either water cleaner or solvent-basedcleaner. Use a vacuum cleaner or light brush only.“P”professionally clean only, an alternate to the “S” drycleaning term although not in customary usage.vacuum clean, vtto remove loose particulate soil, lint, andembedded so
44、il by suction using an electrically poweredmachine.“W”a letter code. See upholstery cleaning instructions.TABLE 1 Care Terms for Refurbishing Textile UpholsteredFurnitureLabel Term InstructionsRoutine RefurbishingBrush Use a hand-held brush to remove surfaceparticulate soils. May also be used to res
45、tore theappearance of pile fabrics.Spot clean Remove localized spots and stains by treatingthem with cleaning agents and mechanicalactions specific to the fiber, fabric, and producttype and foreign material present. Note: Seemanufacturers letter code for upholstery fabrics.Note: See manufacturers le
46、tter code forupholstery fabrics.Vacuum clean(D4852)Remove loose particulate soil, lint, and embeddedsoil by suction using an electrically powered ma-chine.Wipe Clean face-coated upholstery fabrics by removingsurface soil with a sponge or cloth wetted with amild detergent or soap solution or coated f
47、abriccleaner formulated for the purpose. Do not usedry solvent cleaner.Overall Cleaning of Upholstery FabricsS Clean with a dry solvent cleaner only. Do not satu-rate. Do not use water or solutions containingwater. Pile fabrics may require brushing to re-store appearance. Cushion covers should not b
48、eremoved and dry cleaned.W Clean only with water-based shampoo or foam up-holstery cleaner. Do not saturate with the liquid.Do not use dry solvents to spot or clean. Pilefabrics may require brushing to restore appear-ance. Cushion covers should not be removedand laundered.WS Clean with shampoo, foam
49、, or dry cleaning sol-vents as desired. Do not saturate with any theliquid. Pile fabrics may require brushing to re-store appearance. Cushion covers should not beremoved and laundered or dry cleaned.X Do not clean with either water cleaner or solvent-based cleaner. Use a vacuum cleaner or lightbrushing only.Dry extraction clean Brush an absorbent compound into the fabric, allowto dry, and remove by suction, following manu-facturers instructions.Overall Cleaning of Coated FabricsWipe Clean face-coated upholstery f
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