1、Designation: D5275 11Standard Test Method forFuel Injector Shear Stability Test (FISST) for PolymerContaining Fluids1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5275; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the yea
2、r of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the percentviscosity loss at 100C of polymer-containing fluids using
3、fuelinjector shear stability test (FISST) equipment. The viscosityloss reflects polymer degradation due to shear at the nozzle.NOTE 1Test Method D2603 has been used for similar evaluation ofthis property. It has many of the same limitations as indicated in thesignificance statement. No detailed atte
4、mpt has been undertaken tocorrelate the results by the sonic and the diesel injector methods.NOTE 2This test method was originally published as Procedure B ofTest Methods D3945. The FISST method was made a separate test methodafter tests of a series of polymer-containing fluids showed that Procedure
5、sA and B of Test Methods D3945 often give different results.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.2.1 ExceptionPSI is mentioned in parentheses for in-struments that have only PSI gauges. Horsepower, HP, is listed
6、in parentheses since the motor labels display this value.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bili
7、ty of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-tionary statements are given in Section 7.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D2603 Test Method for Sonic Shear Stability
8、 of Polymer-Containing OilsD3945 Test Methods for Shear Stability of Polymer-Containing Fluids Using a Diesel Injector Nozzle33. Summary of Test Method3.1 The polymer-containing fluid is passed through a dieselinjector nozzle at a shear rate that causes the less shear stablepolymer molecules to degr
9、ade. The resultant degradationreduces the kinematic viscosity of the fluid under test. Thereduction in kinematic viscosity, reported as percent loss of theinitial kinematic viscosity, is a measure of the shear stability ofthe polymer-containing fluid.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method evalu
10、ates the percent viscosity loss forpolymer-containing fluids resulting from polymer degradationin the high shear nozzle device. Minimum interference fromthermal or oxidative effects are anticipated.4.2 This test method is not intended to predict viscosity lossin field service for different polymer c
11、lasses or for differentfield equipment. Some correlation for a specific polymer typein specific field equipment can be possible.5. Apparatus5.1 The apparatus consists of two fluid reservoirs, a single-plunger diesel fuel injection pump with an electric motor drive,a pintle-type fuel injection nozzle
12、 installed in a nozzle holder,and instrumentation for automatic operation. Annex A1 con-tains a more complete description of the apparatus.4,51This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.07 o
13、n Flow Properties.Current edition approved May 1, 2011. Published May 2011. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D527503. DOI:10.1520/D5275-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. Fo
14、r Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.4The sole source of supply of the entire apparatus and spare parts (injectors)known to the
15、 committee at this time is Falex Corporation, 1020 Airpark Dr., SugarGrove, IL 60554.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Reference Fluids6.1 Diesel fuel
16、 is required for adjusting the nozzle valveassembly to the prescribed valve opening pressure.6.2 Calibration fluid TL-110745,6is used to verify that theshearing severity of the apparatus is within the prescribedlimits.7. Precautions7.1 During operation, the line between the pump and thenozzle holder
17、 is under high pressure. The safety shield shouldbe in place when the apparatus is running. Stop the apparatusbefore tightening any fitting that is not properly sealed.7.2 During operation and during the setting of the valveopening pressure, the fluid is discharged from the nozzle athigh velocity an
18、d can inflict a serious wound if it strikes a partof the human body. Therefore, secure the nozzle assembly inposition before the test apparatus is started. Similarly, take careto shield the operator from the nozzle discharge during thepressure-setting step.8. Sampling8.1 The test fluid shall be at r
19、oom temperature, uniform inappearance and free of any visible insoluble material prior toplacing in the test equipment.8.2 After the test fluid has completed its twentieth cyclethrough the apparatus, drain it into a bottle for transfer to thekinematic viscosity measurement.9. Calibration9.1 Set the
20、valve opening pressure of the diesel injectornozzle assembly to 20.7 6 0.35 MPa (3000 6 50 psi) by meansof a hand-actuated pump5,7and diesel fuel.9.2 Set the delivery rate of the pump to 534 6 12 cm3/minby the procedure described in Annex A1.9.3 Verify the shearing severity of the apparatus by runni
21、ngthe standard test procedure, described in 9.3.1, with referenceoil. Make this check every twentieth run when the apparatus isused frequently. Make this check before any other samples aretested if the apparatus has been idle for a week or more. Thekinematic viscosity at 100C for the sheared referen
22、ce oil is tobe within the limits prescribed for the specific batch of thereference oil in use. For oil TL-11074,5,6the limits are 9.64 and9.94 mm2/s at 100C.9.3.1 If the viscosity of the sheared oil does not fall withinthe above limits, make another shear test of the reference oil bythe standard pro
23、cedure. If the viscosity of the sheared oil stilldoes not fall within the limits, take steps to correct the ratinglevel of the test. Either mechanical difficulty or test techniqueis at fault.10. Procedure10.1 Shearing is accomplished by pumping the entire 100cm3test oil charge through the nozzle in
24、successive passes orcycles. One cycle consists of pumping the oil from the lowerreservoir (8)inFig. A1.1, through the nozzle (5), and into theupper reservoir (6). At the end of each cycle, when the entiretest oil charge has been collected in the upper reservoir (6), thepump (2) stops and the solenoi
25、d-operated drain valve (7)opens, draining the oil into the lower reservoir (8). The pumpthen restarts automatically for the next cycle. This processrepeats for the number of cycles that have been set on the cyclecounter. At the end of the last cycle, both solenoid-operateddrain valves, (7) and (9)in
26、Fig. A1.1, open and the test oildrains into the sample collection bottle (10).10.2 Flush the apparatus with three separate 100 cm3portions of the test oil as described in 10.2.1 and drain. Do notuse solvent as part of the flush at any time because it couldcause contamination.10.2.1 Pour the first 10
27、0 cm3charge of test oil into the lowerreservoir, (8)inFig. A1.1, through the funnel (14). Set thecycle counter for three cycles of the fluid through the nozzle,the pump timer for 15 s and the valve time for 20 s.NOTE 3These timer settings have been found satisfactory for all oilsnormally tested. The
28、 pump time should be sufficient for all oil to bepumped through the nozzle and into the upper reservoir, (6)inFig. A1.1.The valve time should be sufficient for the oil to drain completely from theupper reservoir to the lower reservoir.10.2.2 Start the pump, (2)inFig. A1.1, and run until threecycles
29、have been completed. Drain and discard the sheared oil.10.2.3 Similarly, run the second 100 cm3for two cycles andthe third 100 cm3flush for one cycle, draining and discardingeach flush.10.3 Pour 100 cm3of the test oil into the lower reservoirthrough the funnel. Set the cycle counter for 20 cycles. S
30、et aclean 120 cm3bottle, (10)inFig. A1.1, under the drain tube ofthe lower reservoir to receive the sheared sample. Start thepump and run until the 20 cycles have been completed. At theend of the twentieth cycle, both drain valves, (7) and (9)inFig.A1.1, open automatically and the sample drains into
31、 thecollection bottle, (10).10.4 Measure the kinematic viscosity of the sheared oil anda sample of the unsheared oil at 100C by Test Method D445.11. Calculation11.1 Calculate the percentage loss of viscosity of thesheared oil as follows:VL 5 100 3 Vu2 Vs!/Vu(1)where:VL = viscosity loss, %,Vu= kinema
32、tic viscosity of unsheared oil at 100C, mm2/s,andVs= kinematic viscosity of sheared oil at 100C, mm2/s.12. Report12.1 Report the following information:12.1.1 Percentage viscosity loss as calculated in 11.1,12.1.2 Kinematic viscosity of the unsheared oil at 100C,5If you are aware of alternative suppl
33、iers, please provide this information toASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.6The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Tannas Co., 4800 Jame
34、s Savage Rd., Midland, MI 48642.7The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Waukesha Engine Div., 1000 W. St. Paul Ave., Waukesha, WI 53188. Part No.G-8187.D5275 11212.1.3 Kinematic viscosity of the sheared oil at 100C,12.1.4 Number of cycles,12.1.5 For referenc
35、e oil runs, the batch number of thereference oil, and12.1.6 Specify this test method (ASTM D5275).13. Precision and Bias813.1 The following criteria should be used for judging theacceptability of results:13.1.1 RepeatabilityThe difference between successivetest results, obtained by the same operator
36、 with the sameapparatus under constant operating conditions on identical testmaterial would, in the long run, and in the normal and correctoperation of the test method, exceed the following value onlyin one case in twenty: 1.19 %.13.1.2 ReproducibilityThe difference between two singleand independent
37、 results, obtained by different operators work-ing in different laboratories on identical test material would, inthe long run, and in the normal and correct operation of the testmethod, exceed the following value only in one case in twenty:5.22 %.NOTE 4The indicated repeatability and reproducibility
38、 values repre-sent the subtractive difference between the reported percentage viscosityloss values for the two determinations being compared.13.1.3 BiasAll test results are relative to those of Cali-bration Fluid TL-11074.5,6Therefore no estimate of bias can bejustified.14. Keywords14.1 VII; fuel in
39、jector; polymer containing fluids; shearstabilityANNEXES(Mandatory Information)A1. DETAILS OF FUEL INJECTOR SHEAR STABILITY TEST (FISST)A1.1 Apparatus:A1.1.1 Fig. A1.1 shows the test schematically. A cyclecounter, pump timer, valve timer, main power switch, and drainvalve switch are mounted on an in
40、strument panel not shown inFig. A1.1.A1.1.2 Specifications for the Fuel Injection Parts:NOTE A1.1The parts have not changed; only the parts supplier andpart number have changed. Previous parts may be used until supply isexhausted.A1.1.2.1 Diesel Fuel Injection Pump (2) in Fig. A1.1),Waukesha pump 10
41、6712G that contains: Plunger and barrelassembly, 8.0 mm, PPK 1/2ZG (17)inFig. A1.2), camshaft,8Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1131. This test method wasformerly Procedure B of Test Method D3945.FIG. A1.1 Fuel
42、 Injector Shear Stability Test (FISST) (Schematic)D5275 1136/1, PAC 26/1X (34) in Fig. A1.2), delivery valve assembly,6.0 mm cuffless, PVE 67/1Z (16)inFig.A1.2), plunger springSP 769 CA (31)inFig. A1.1), and tappet assembly TP7615-1A (19)inFig. A1.1).A1.1.2.2 Nozzle Holder, (4) in Fig. A1.1), Waukes
43、ha P/N110743.A1.1.2.3 Nozzle Valve, (5) in Fig. A1.1), Waukesha P/N110700.NOTE A1.2Take great care to avoid damage to the precision parts ofthe fuel injection equipment, namely the pump plunger and barrel (17)inFig. A1.2) and the nozzle valve assembly (5)inFig. A1.1). Service workon the injection eq
44、uipment should be performed by a diesel fuel injectionpump specialist or with reference to the manufacturers service manual.A1.1.2.4 Nozzle Holder/Valve Assembly, (4 and 5) in Fig.A1.1), Waukesha P/N A75067E.A1.1.3 Motor, 2.25 kW (3 hp), 1725 rpm, 230 V, 60 Hz,182T frame (1)inFig. A1.1).A1.2 Method
45、for Setting Injection Pump Rack:A1.2.1 Preparation:A1.2.1.1 Remove delivery valve holder (12) (numbers inparentheses refer to Fig. A1.2). Leave the body of the deliveryvalve (16) in place, but remove the internal check. Leave thedelivery valve gasket (15) in place. The top of the pumpplunger will be
46、 visible through the bore of the delivery valvebody.A1.2.1.2 Turn pump shaft (34), watching the top of theplunger (17) through the bore of the delivery valve body, untilthe plunger is at the bottom of its stroke.A1.2.1.3 Insert a rod 4 mm in diameter by 40 mm or longerdown through the open delivery
47、valve body (16) and measurehow high it stands above the top of the pump housing (1)tothenearest 0.50 mm.A1.2.1.4 Rotate the pump shaft until the rod moves upward5 mm. Mark the pump shaft or coupling so that it can be resetto this position again later.A1.2.1.5 Taper one end of a length of stiff plast
48、ic translu-cent tubing (for example, 6.4 mm in diameter by 130 mm longnylon). Force the tapered end into the body of the deliveryvalve (16). Attach to it a 200-mm length of 8 mm diameterflexible tubing.A1.2.1.6 Put sufficient light oil (such asa4to5mm2/s at100C neutral oil) in the reservoir to cover
49、 the inlet to the pump(26). Turn the pump shaft as necessary to let oil rise in thenylon tube at the delivery valve.A1.2.1.7 Set the control rack (27) at about two-thirds fullopen position (rack moved away from coupling).A1.2.1.8 Set pump shaft or coupling at the position estab-lished in A1.2.1.4.A1.2.1.9 Blow into or apply light air pressure to the tubeattached to the delivery valve. The oil level in the translucenttube should not change.FIG. A1.2 Injection Pump of Fuel Injector Shear Stability Test (FISST)D5275 114A1.2.2 Adjustment:A1.2.2.1 Ope
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