1、Designation: D5278/D5278M 09 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Test Method forElongation of Narrow Elastic Fabrics (Static-Load Testing)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5278/D5278M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case o
2、f revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method determines the elongation characteris-tics of narrow elastic fabrics made fro
3、m natural or man-madeelastomers, either alone or in combination with other textilefibers, when tested with a static load testing procedure beforeor after laundering.NOTE 1For determination of similar characteristics using theconstant-rate-of-extension (CRE) type tensile testing machine, refer toTest
4、 Method D4964.NOTE 2For determination of similar characteristics using theconstant-rate-of load (CRL) type tensile testing machine, refer to TestMethod D1775.1.2 The use of this test method requires the selection of, ormutual agreement upon, the effective static load at which thetest results will be
5、 determined.1.3 Laundering procedures used will be those specified inTest Method AATCC 135 for 3 washing and drying cycles.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, e
6、achsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to es
7、tablish appro-priate safety, health and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principle
8、s for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1775 Test Method for Tension and Elongation of WideElastic F
9、abrics (Withdrawn 2000)3D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD4848 Terminology Related to Force, Deformation andRelated Properties of TextilesD4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric TestMethodsD4964 Test Method for Tension and Elongation of ElasticFabrics (Constant-Rate-of-Ex
10、tension Type Tensile TestingMachine)2.2 AATCC Test Method:35 Dimensional Changes in Automatic Home Laundering ofWoven and Knit Fabrics43. Terminology3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.59, Fabric TestMethods, General, refer to Terminology D4850.3.1.1 For all terminology related to Force, Deforma
11、tion andRelated Properties in Textiles see Terminology D4848.3.1.2 The following terms are relevant to this standard:elongation, narrow elastic fabric, static load, in textile testing.3.2 For all other terms related to textiles, see TerminologyD123.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Conditioned test speci
12、mens, laundered or unlaundered,are suspended and subjected to a specified loading. The staticload is applied for a specified time, released, and the cyclerepeated two more times. The percent elongation is readdirectly from the scale on the apparatus.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of AST
13、M Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods,General.Current edition approved July 15, 2017. Published August 2017. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D527809(2013).DOI: 10.1520/D5278_D5278M-09R17.2For re
14、ferenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
15、 onwww.astm.org.4Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists(AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http:/www.aatcc.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international sta
16、ndard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.15. S
17、ignificance and Use5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for accep-tance testing of commercial shipments of narrow elastic fabricsbecause the test method is used in the trade for acceptancetesting.5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences inreported test results when using this t
18、est method for acceptancetesting of commercial shipments, the parties should conductcomparative tests to determine if there is a statistical biasbetween their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance isrecommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, thetwo parties should take a group
19、of test specimens that are ashomogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material ofthe type in question. The test specimens should then berandomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory fortesting. The average results from the two laboratories should becompared using students t-test fo
20、r unpaired data and anacceptable probability level chosen by the two parties beforetesting is begun. If bias is found, either the cause must be foundand corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree tointerpret future test results in the light of the known bias.5.2 This test method specifie
21、s the use of a static loadapparatus. Users of this test method are cautioned that elonga-tion test data obtained using this test method are not compa-rable to elongation test data obtained using either constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) or constant-rate-of-loading (CRL) typetensile testing machines.6.
22、 Apparatus6.1 Static Load Test Apparatus, equipped with a verticallymounted, fixed saw-tooth clamp for holding the upper portionof the specimen, a scale for reading percent elongation, and anunattached weighted saw-tooth clamp for holding the lowerportion of the specimen.6.2 Static Loads including h
23、older and lower clamp.6.3 Bench Marker, for marking 125.0-mm 5.0-in. and250.0-mm 10-in. distances, with stamp pad.7. Sampling7.1 Lot SampleAs a lot sample for acceptance testing, takeat random the number of rolls of fabric as directed in anapplicable material specification, or other agreement betwee
24、nthe purchaser and the supplier. Consider rolls of fabric or boxesof festooned fabric to be the primary sampling units.7.2 Laboratory SampleAs a laboratory sample for accep-tance testing, take a full-width swatch,2m2ydlong, fromthe end of each packaging unit in the lot sample, after firstdiscarding
25、a minimum of1m1ydoffabric from the leadingend of the packaging unit.7.3 Test SpecimensTake three test specimens from eachswatch in the laboratory sample.8. Test Specimens8.1 Preparation:8.1.1 When samples exceed 75 mm 3 in. use a 75-mmwidth cut from the center of the piece unless the purchaser andse
26、ller agree to a different sample width.8.1.2 Prepare test specimens considered to be high stretch(200 % and above) as follows:8.1.2.1 Cut the test specimens approximately 230 9 in.long with this dimension parallel to the length of the fabric.Unless the fabric width exceeds 75 mm 3 in., use the fullf
27、abric width as the test specimen width.8.1.2.2 With the bench marker, make two marks on the testspecimen that are 125.0 mm 5.0 in. apart, approximately thesame distance from the test specimen ends and perpendicular tothe long direction of the test specimen.8.1.3 Prepare test specimens considered to
28、be low stretch(below 200 %) as follows:8.1.3.1 Cut the test specimens approximately 356 mm 14in. long with this dimension parallel to the length of the fabric.Unless the fabric width exceeds 75 mm 3 in., use the fullfabric width as the test specimen width.8.1.3.2 With the bench marker, make two mark
29、s on the testspecimen that are 250 mm 10 in. apart, approximately thesame distance from the test specimen ends and perpendicular tothe long direction of the test specimen.9. Conditioning9.1 Condition the laboratory samples as directed in PracticeD1776. Allow the samples to relax, free of tension, fo
30、r aminimum of 4 h. After this exposure, it may be assumed thatmoisture equilibrium has been reached.10. Procedure10.1 Test all test specimens in the standard atmosphere fortesting textiles, which is 21 6 1C 70 6 2F and 65 6 2%relative humidity.10.2 Mount the test specimen with the upper bench markal
31、igned with the teeth on the fixed clamp.10.3 Load the free clamp with the appropriate static load.10.4 Without putting any tension on the test specimen,attach the static-load clamp at the lower bench mark of the testspecimen.10.5 Carefully lower the clamp vertically, letting the testspecimen take up
32、 the load gradually. Let the test specimenhang for 10 s.10.6 Exercise the test specimen to remove static load byraising the clamp vertically to allow full relaxation of the testspecimen, lowering it gently, and letting the test specimen hangfor another 10 s.10.7 Repeat 10.6 once more.10.8 Read and r
33、ecord the percent of elongation to thenearest 0.1 %.10.9 Repeat the process with the two remaining test speci-mens.11. Calculation11.1 Calculate the average elongation for each sample, tothe nearest 0.1 %.D5278/D5278M 09 (2017)212. Report12.1 State that the test specimens were tested as directed inT
34、est Method D5278. Describe the material(s) or product(s)sampled and the method of sampling used.12.2 Report the following information:12.2.1 The average percent elongation for each sample,12.2.2 The loading used, the benchmark length and thewidth of the test specimen, and12.2.3 Whether or not the te
35、st specimens were laundered.13. Precision and Bias13.1 The interlaboratory tests have been completed and thedata analysis is awaiting the ASTM program for precision andbias statements.14. Keywords14.1 elastic fabric; elongation; static loadASTM International takes no position respecting the validity
36、 of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject
37、to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters
38、. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is
39、 copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 09 (2017)3
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